| Exposure | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Artist | Antony Gormley |
| Year | 2010 |
| Medium | Steel |
| Dimensions | 26 m (85 ft) cm(??) |
| Weight | 60,000 Kilos |
| Location | Lelystad NL |
| 52°31′18.9″N5°25′31.1″E / 52.521917°N 5.425306°E | |
Exposure (Exposure) is a steel frame sculpture on the Markerstrekdam near the Houtribsluizen in Lelystad Netherlands by artist Antony Gormley. The work is also known as Crouching man (Squatting man), or popularly called the Shitting Man.
Since the 1970s, several landscape art works have been realized in the province of Flevoland, examples of which are the Observatory (Robert Morris) (1971-1977) by Robert Morris, The Green Cathedral (1978-1996) by Marinus Boezem and Polderland Garden of Love and Fire (1992-1997 ) by Daniel Libeskind. In 2001, the province gave the municipality of Lelystad money to purchase a work of art. A few years later, the British artist Gormley was approached by the municipality to create the sixth landscape artwork in the province of Flevoland. [1] The artist Antony Gormley (1950) is involved with art in which portrays a human figure. One of his best-known works is Angel of the North , a 20 m (66 ft) steel figure with wings, which was unveiled in Gateshead in 1998. [2]
In creating Exposure Gormley was inspired for his design for Flevoland by the intended location near Lelystad: a breaking dam (spur of the Markerwaarddijk) in the middle of water, with a view of the Markermeer on one side and on the other side a view over the polder. He designed a crouching man, modeled after himself. The figure looks out toward the water. The vastness of the surroundings makes it difficult to estimate the scale of the 26 m (85 ft) high artwork from a distance. The male figure becomes more abstract as the visitor nears the sculpture. [2] Writing about the sculpture, Atlas Obscura said, "Exposure most definitely resembles a giant figure squatting to poop. This is so apparent that the locals have taken to calling the work, 'the shitting man'". [3] The Dutch locals refer to it as "de poepende man" or "the shitting man". [2]
After the permit procedure, the construction of the foundation and construction of the artwork, which weighs about 60,000 kilos, could start in 2009. [4] The work was manufactured by a Scottish firm, which specializes in making Transmission towers. It was unveiled on 17 September 2010 by the artist, in collaboration with deputy Van Diessen alderman Fackeldey van Lelystad. [5]
Gormley sees his landscape sculptures as a still point in a moving world. Over time, however, Exposure will also respond to changes in the environment. The artist predicts that because of Global warming and rising sea levels, the dam will have to be raised at some point, burying the work more and more. [6]
Flevoland is the twelfth and newest province of the Netherlands, established in 1986, when the southern and eastern Flevopolders, together with the Noordoostpolder, were merged into one provincial entity. It is in the centre of the country in the former Zuiderzee, which was turned into the freshwater IJsselmeer by the closure of the Afsluitdijk in 1932. Almost all of the land belonging to Flevoland was reclaimed in the 1950s and 1960s while splitting the Markermeer and Bordering lakes from the IJsselmeer. As to dry land, it is the smallest province of the Netherlands at 1,410 km2 (540 sq mi), but not gross land as that includes much of the waters of the fresh water lakes (meres) mentioned.
Lelystad is a Dutch municipality and the capital city of the province of Flevoland in the central Netherlands. The city, built on reclaimed land, was founded in 1967 and was named after Cornelis Lely, who engineered the Afsluitdijk that made the reclamation possible. Lelystad is approximately 3 metres below sea level.
The Zuiderzee Works is a system of dams and dikes, land reclamation and water drainage work, which was the largest hydraulic engineering project undertaken by the Netherlands during the twentieth century. The project involved the damming of the Zuiderzee, a large, shallow inlet of the North Sea, and the reclamation of land in the newly enclosed water using polders. Its main purposes are to improve flood protection and create additional land for agriculture.
Almere is a planned city and municipality in the province of Flevoland, Netherlands across the IJmeer from Amsterdam.
Sir Antony Mark David Gormley is a British sculptor. His works include the Angel of the North, a public sculpture in Gateshead in the north of England, commissioned in 1994 and erected in February 1998; Another Place on Crosby Beach near Liverpool; and Event Horizon, a multipart site installation which premiered in London in 2007, then subsequently in Madison Square in New York City (2010), São Paulo, Brazil (2012), and Hong Kong (2015–16).
Events from the year 1998 in art.
The Angel of the North is a contemporary sculpture by Antony Gormley, located in Gateshead, Tyne and Wear, England. Completed in 1998, it is believed to be the largest sculpture of an angel in the world and is viewed by an estimated 33 million people every year due to its proximity to the A1 and A167 roads and the East Coast Main Line. The design of the Angel, like many of Gormley's works, is based on Gormley's own body. The COR-TEN weathering steel material gives the sculpture its distinctive rusty, oxidised colour. It stands 20 metres (66 ft) tall with a wingspan of 54 metres (177 ft), larger than that of a Boeing 757 aircraft. The vertical ribs on its body and wings act as an external skeleton which direct oncoming wind to the sculpture's foundations, allowing it to withstand wind speeds of over 100 miles per hour (160 km/h).
Robert Morris was an American sculptor, conceptual artist and writer. He was regarded as having been one of the most prominent theorists of Minimalism along with Donald Judd, but also made important contributions to the development of performance art, land art, the Process Art movement, and installation art. Morris lived and worked in New York. In 2013 as part of the October Files, MIT Press published a volume on Morris, examining his work and influence, edited by Julia Bryan-Wilson.
National Galleries Scotland: Modern is part of National Galleries Scotland, which is based in Edinburgh, Scotland. The Modern houses the collection of modern and contemporary art dating from about 1900 to the present in two buildings, Modern One and Modern Two, that face each other on Belford Road to the west of the city centre.
Field (1991) is a sculpture by British artist Antony Gormley. It consists of approx. 35,000 individual terracotta figures, each between 8 and 26 cm high, installed on the floor of a room facing the viewer. The figures were sculpted in Cholula, Mexico by about 60 members of a Texca family of brickmakers, under the supervision of the artist. The sculpture received a lot of media attention upon its first display, and many affectionate parodies.
Another Place is a piece of modern sculpture by British artist Antony Gormley located at Crosby Beach in Merseyside, England. It consists of 100 cast iron figures facing towards the sea. The figures are modelled on the artist's own naked body. The work proved controversial due to the naked statues but has increased tourism to the beach. After being exhibited at two other locations, it was put on display at Crosby on 1 July 2005. After some controversy, Sefton Metropolitan Borough Council decided on 7 March 2007 that the sculptures should be permanently installed at the beach.
The Quantum Cloud is a contemporary sculpture, designed by Antony Gormley, located next to The O2 in London. The sculpture was commissioned for the site and was completed in 1999.
The Lelystad–Zwolle railway, also known as the Hanzelijn, is a Dutch railway line, finished in 2012. It connects Lelystad, capital of the province of Flevoland, with Zwolle, capital of the neighbouring province of Overijssel, and provides a direct rail link between Flevoland and the north-east of the Netherlands.
Event Horizon is the name of a large-scale public sculpture installation by the British artist Antony Gormley. First displayed in London in 2007, they were later displayed in New York, downtown São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Gormley describes his statues as "...showing solitary figures installed in groups yet retaining their sense of solitude and reflection."
Brick Man was an Antony Gormley sculpture proposed in the 1980s for the city of Leeds, West Yorkshire, England.
The Meeting Place is a 9-metre-high (30 ft), 20-tonne (20-long-ton) bronze sculpture that stands at the south end of the upper level of St Pancras railway station. Designed by the British artist Paul Day and unveiled in 2007, it is intended to evoke the romance of travel through the depiction of a couple locked in an amorous embrace.
Middelheim Open Air Sculpture Museum is a sculpture park of 30 acres in the park part of the Middelheim Nachtegalen Park at Antwerp. The Middelheim Museum collection has approximately 400 works of art on display. These include around 215 sculptures, featuring artists such as Carl Andre, Franz West, Auguste Rodin and many more. Along with the addition of new works every year, the museum invites contemporary artists to engage in an artistic conversation with works part of the permanent collection and the environment surrounding them, leading to the establishment of performances and exhibitions and by various kinds of artists. Works such as ones by Roman Signer and Ai Weiwei are also created specifically for the museum.
Stay are identical cast iron human form sculptures made by Antony Gormley and installed in two locations in the central city of Christchurch, New Zealand. The first sculpture was installed in the Avon River in September 2015. The second in the Northern Quadrangle of the Christchurch Arts Centre was unveiled on 1 October 2016.
Vicken Parsons, Lady Gormley, is a British artist, mostly painting in oils, but also making sculptures. Her works are displayed in Tate Britain, and are in the collections of the Arts Council and the Scottish National Gallery of Modern Art.
