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Fair trade is a term for an arrangement designed to help producers in developing countries achieve sustainable and equitable trade relationships. The fair trade movement combines the payment of higher prices to exporters with improved social and environmental standards. The movement focuses in particular on commodities, or products that are typically exported from developing countries to developed countries but is also used in domestic markets, most notably for handicrafts, coffee, cocoa, wine, sugar, fruit, flowers and gold.
Fairtrade International, or Fairtrade Labelling Organizations International e.V. is a product-oriented multistakeholder group aimed at promoting the lives of farmers and workers through trade. Fairtrade's work is guided by a global strategy focused on ensuring that all farmers earn a living income, and agricultural workers earn a living wage. Fairtrade works with farmers and workers of more than 300 commodities. The main products promoted under the Fairtrade label are coffee, cocoa, banana, flowers, tea, and sugar.
Divine Chocolate Limited is a British purveyor of Fairtrade chocolate. It was originally established in the UK in 1998 as a company limited by shares co-owned by the Kuapa Kokoo cocoa farmers' co-operative in Ghana, Twin Trading and The Body Shop, with support from Christian Aid and Comic Relief. The Body Shop subsequently handed their shares over to Kuapa Kokoo which increased Kuapa's share of Divine Chocolate Ltd from 33% to 45%
The Fair Trade Towns campaign is the result of a grass-roots citizens movement that started in the UK in 2001. It allows citizens to get together in order to self-proclaim their town as a region that complies with a few general Fair Trade criteria, that can be adapted from country to country but which retain their main elements.
The Fairtrade Foundation is a charity based in the United Kingdom that aims to empower disadvantaged producers in developing countries by tackling injustice in conventional trade, in particular by promoting and licensing the Fairtrade Mark, a guarantee that products retailed in the UK have been produced in accordance with internationally agreed Fairtrade standards. The foundation is the British member of FLO International, which unites FLO-CERT, 25 National Fairtrade Organisations and 3 Producer Networks across Europe, Asia, Latin America, North America, Africa, Australia and New Zealand.
Traidcraft was a UK-based Fairtrade organisation, established in 1979. Its trading arm, Traidcraft plc, which sold fairly traded products, went into administration in January 2023.
FLOCERT is one of the world’s leading social auditing and verification bodies and the global certifier for Fairtrade. With a vision of combating poverty and securing sustainable livelihoods for farmers in developing countries, FLOCERT's focus lies on auditing global supply chains and guaranteeing compliance with Fairtrade Standards.
The International Fairtrade Certification Mark is an independent certification mark used in over 50 countries. It appears on products as an independent guarantee that a product has been produced according to Fairtrade political standards.
Fair Trade USA, formerly "TransFair USA", is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization that sets standards, certifies, and labels products that promote sustainable livelihoods for farmers and workers and protect the environment.
Fairtrade Canada, formerly TransFair Canada, is a national non-profit certification and public education organization promoting Fairtrade certified products in Canada to improve the livelihood of developing world farmers and workers. It is the Canadian member of FLO International, which unites 24 fair trade producer and certification initiatives across Europe, Asia, Latin America, North America, Africa, Australia and New Zealand.
Fairtrade Nederland formerly known as Max Havelaar Stichting is the Dutch member of Fairtrade International, which unites 23 Fairtrade certification producer and labelling initiatives across Europe, Asia, Latin America, North America, Africa, Australia and New Zealand.
Fairtrade Ireland is the Irish member of FLO International, which unites 23 Fairtrade producer and labelling initiatives across Europe, Asia, Latin America, North America, Africa, Australia and New Zealand.
The fair trade movement has undergone several important changes like the operation for ten thousand villages to open their businesses since early days following World War II. Fair trade, first seen as a form of charity advocated by religious organizations, has radically changed in structure, philosophy and approach. The past fifty years have witnessed massive changes in the diversity of fair trade proponents, the products traded and their distribution networks.
The fair trade debate concerns the ethics and economic implications of fair trade, and alleged issues with the Fairtrade brand in particular.
Fair trade coffee is coffee that is certified as having been produced to fair trade standards by fair trade organizations, which create trading partnerships that are based on dialogue, transparency and respect, with the goal of achieving greater equity in international trade. These partnerships contribute to sustainable development by offering better trading conditions to coffee bean farmers. Fair trade organizations support producers and sustainable environmental farming practices and prohibit child labor or forced labor.
Barnaby Kemp Graham Miln is a British social activist and former magistrate. He was the first lay person to come out as gay in the General Synod of the Church of England and thereby the most publicly gay magistrate in England and Wales.
A fair trade certification is a product certification within the market-based movement fair trade. The most widely used fair trade certification is FLO International's, the International Fairtrade Certification Mark, used in Europe, Africa, Asia, Australia and New Zealand. Fair Trade Certified Mark is the North American equivalent of the International Fairtrade Certification Mark. As of January 2011, there were more than 1,000 companies certified by FLO International's certification and a further 1,000 or so certified by other ethical and fairtrade certification schemes around the world.
The Scottish Fair Trade Forum is a Scottish charitable body that describes its mission as '...to gain Fair Trade Nation status for Scotland.' The Forum continues to promote the inclusion and use of Fair Trade products through involvement in helping individual towns, schools, councils and public bodies throughout the country achieve Fairtrade Status.
Fairtrade bananas was a marketing initiative which focused on increasing the price paid to small banana growers and the wages of agricultural workers. This is not a commercial brand, but a marketing strategy. Fair trade is based on higher prices paid by consumers that allow an equitable distribution of gains from trade over the chain partners.
Fair Grounds is a Bradford based Fair Trade social enterprise. Fair Grounds exists to enable people to make informed ethical lifestyle and consumer choices. Fair Grounds buys from producers within an ethical business model and has a relationship with each producer. Fair Grounds sells Fair Trade products wholesale, retail in a Fair Grounds shop in Sheffield and at various events, and conducts an education programme in schools teaching about social justice and trade. Fair Grounds ltd is a member of BAFTS.
References
- ↑ "The achievements of the fairtrade movement". The Guardian. 9 March 2005. ISSN 0261-3077 . Retrieved 2019-09-06– via www.theguardian.com.
- ↑ Herald, 13 February 1997, Retailing by Simon Bain
- ↑ Edinburgh Evening News, 14 February 1997, Shop around for fair trade by John Vidal
- ↑ Life and Work magazine, March 1997, Pester power puts fairness into focus
- ↑ Scottish Episcopalian, April 1997, page 6
- ↑ Christian Aid News, April/June 1997, Pester power rules! page 12
- ↑ Adams, Tim (24 February 2019). "From bean to bar in Ivory Coast, a country built on cocoa". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077 . Retrieved 2019-09-06– via www.theguardian.com.
- ↑ Merton Council, Fairtrade, accessed 19 September 2022
- ↑ Labour Campaign for International Development, Take a Step for Fairtrade Fortnight, accessed 19 September 2022
- 1 2 Ethical Superstore, Fairtrade Fortnight 2023, accessed 19 September 2022
- ↑ Faitrade Foundation, Press Release, published 2021, accessed 19 September 2022
- ↑ Fairtrade Foundation, Choose the World You Want Festival 2022, accessed 19 September 2022
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| Federations | |
| Certification | |
| Labeling initiatives | |
Alternative trading organizations | |
| Campaigns | |
| Media | |
