The Deccan sultanates is a historiographical term referring to five late medieval to early modern Indian kingdoms on the Deccan Plateau between the Krishna River and the Vindhya Range that were created from the disintegration of the Bahmani Sultanate and ruled by Muslim dynasties:namely Ahmadnagar,Berar,Bidar,Bijapur,and Golconda. The five sultanates owed their existence to the declaration of independence of Ahmadnagar in 1490,which was followed by Bijapur and Berar in the same year. Bidar became independent in c. 1492,and Golconda in 1512.
The Sultanate of Bijapur was an early modern kingdom in the western Deccan and South India,ruled by the Adil Shahi or Adilshahi dynasty. Bijapur had been a taraf (province) of the Bahmani Kingdom prior to its independence in 1490 and before the former's political decline in the last quarter of the 15th century. It was one of the Deccan sultanates,the collective name of the five successor states of the Bahmani Kingdom. At its peak,the Sultanate of Bijapur was one of the most powerful states in South Asia,second to the Mughal Empire,which conquered it in 1686 under Aurangzeb.
Shahaji Bhonsale was a 17th century Indian military leader who served the Ahmadnagar Sultanate,the Bijapur Sultanate,and the Mughal Empire at various points in his career. As a member of the Bhonsle dynasty,Shahaji inherited the Pune and Supe jagirs (fiefs) from his father Maloji,who previously served the Ahmadnagar Sultanate. During the Mughal invasion of the Deccan,Shahaji joined the Mughal forces and served under Emperor Shah Jahan for a short period. After being deprived of his jagirs,he defected to the Bijapur Sultanate in 1632 and regained control over Pune and Supe. In 1638,he received the jagir of Bangalore after Bijapur's invasion of Kempe Gowda III's territories. Afterwards,he became the chief general of Bijapur and oversaw its expansion.
Malik Ambar was a military leader and statesman who served as the Peshwa of the Ahmadnagar Sultanate and its de facto ruler from 1600 until his death in 1626.
Khuldabad is a city and a Taluka of Aurangabad district in the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is known as the Valley of Saints,or the Abode of Eternity,because in the 14th century,several Sufi saints chose to reside here. The Bhadra Maruti Temple and Dargah of Zar Zari Zar Baksh,Shaikh Burhan ud-din Gharib Chisti and Shaikh Zain-ud-din Shirazi,along with the tomb of the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb and his trusted General Asif Jah I,the first Nizam of Hyderabad,are located in this town. It is a holy and spiritual city of Islamic saints.
The Farooqi dynasty or the Farooq Shahi was the ruling dynasty of the Khandesh Sultanate from its inception in 1382 till its annexation by the Mughal emperor Akbar in 1601. The founder of the dynasty,Malik Ahmad participated in a rebellion against the Bahmani ruler Muhmmad Shah I in his early years. When he was compelled to flee from Deccan,he established in Thalner on the Tapti River. After receiving the grant of the fiefdoms of Thalner and Karanda from Firuz Shah Tughluq in 1370,he conquered the region around Thalner,which later became known as Khandesh. By 1382,he started ruling independently.
The Berar Subah was one of the Subahs (provinces) of the Mughal Empire,in Central India from 1596 to 1724. It bordered Golconda,Ahmandagar,Kandesh and Malwa provinces as well as the independent and tributary kingdoms to the east.
Narnala Fort or Narnala Qila Sarkar,also known as Shahnoor Fort,is a hill fortress in the Satpura Range of Vidarbh,Maharashtra,India,named after the Rajput Solanki Chaulukya Ruler,Raja Narnal Singh,also known as Narnal Singh Swami. It was renamed as "Shahnoor" by Islamic rulers but again acquired,rebuilt and got its name "Narnala" by ruler Rao Rana Narnal Singh Solanki,who migrated from Patan in Gujarat.
The Sultanate of Ahmednagar was a late medieval Indian Muslim kingdom located in the northwestern Deccan,between the sultanates of Gujarat and Bijapur,ruled by the Nizam Shahi dynasty. It was established when Malik Ahmed,the Bahmani governor of Junnar,after defeating the Bahmani army led by general Jahangir Khan on 28 May 1490,declared independence and established the Ahmadnagar Sultanate.
Daniyal Mirza was the shahzada of the Mughal Empire who served as the Viceroy of the Deccan. He was the third son of Emperor Akbar and the half-brother of Emperor Jahangir.
Burhan Nizam Shah II was the ruler of Ahmadnagar Sultanate in the Deccan. He was the second son of Hussain Nizam Shah I and Khunza Humayun Begum.
The Deccan sultanates were five early modern kingdoms,namely Bijapur,Golkonda,Ahmadnagar,Bidar,and Berar,which ruled the Deccan Plateau for part of the 15th,and the majority of the 16th–17th centuries. Their architecture was a regional variant of Indo-Islamic architecture,and influenced by the styles of the Delhi Sultanate and later Mughal architecture,but sometimes also influenced from Persia and Central Asia. Hindu temple architecture in the same areas had very different styles.
Murtaza Nizam Shah II was the Sultan of Ahmadnagar from 1600 to 1610. His rule was dominated by the powerful regent Malik Ambar,under whom he was an effective puppet ruler.
The Battle of Bhatvadi was fought in 1624,near modern Bhatodi Pargaon village in Maharashtra,India. The Ahmadnagar army led by Malik Ambar defeated a combined Mughal-Bijapur force led by the Bijapuri general Mullah Muhammad Lari.
Khwaja Sabir,Nasiri Khan or Khan-i-Dauran was an Indian Muslim viceroy of the Deccan and one of the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan’s leading sardars. He received the title "Khan Dauran" during the conquest of Daulatabad. He died in Lahore in 1645 from a knife wound from his own attendant,a Kashmiri Brahmin. He hald the rank of 7,000 horse.
Burhan Nizam Shah III was the ruler of the Ahmadnagar Sultanate from 1610 until his death in 1631.
The siege of Daulatabad (1633) was a conflict between the Mughal Empire and the Ahmadnagar Sultanate,wherein the fort-city of Daulatabad was besieged by a Mughal force for several months and successfully captured. The Bijapur Sultanate also participated in the conflict against the Mughals,sending a large army to the aid of the fort's garrison. The conflict took place after several Mughal victories securing other minor forts in Ahmadnagar control,but was distinguished by the political significance of Daulatabad to the Ahmadnagar Sultanate. This event marked Mughal victory in the ongoing war between the Mughals and the Ahmadnagar Sultanate;it ended the Nizam Shahi dynasty and concluded the Sultanate,marking another step in the Mughal advance over the Deccan region. The victory did not fully quell resistance to Mughal authority in the Western Deccan;a year later,Maratha commander Shahji Bhonsle attempted a bid for power using a puppet ruler of the Nizam Shahi house.
The siege of Parenda (1634) was a 17th-century military conflict between the Mughal Empire and the Adil Shahi dynasty of the Bijapur Sultanate over Parenda Fort,wherein Mughal forces besieged the Adil Shahi fort for four months. The siege took place during the reigns of Mughal emperor Shah Jahan and Bijapur Sultan Muhammad Adil Shah. It was the second Mughal siege of the fort following a failed attempt in 1631,and was part of a string of Mughal military campaigns in the Western Deccan. The siege was led by Mughal general Mahabat Khan,governor of the Deccan,though the young prince Shah Shuja was its nominal commander. The siege lasted four months and was unsuccessful,with the fort remaining in Adil Shahi control.
Randaula Khan,also spelt Ranadulla Khan,was a leading Indo-African general and viceroy of the Bijapur Sultanate during the 17th century. He governed the southwestern region of the Sultanate from his administrative seat at Mirjan. He was a key player in the Sultanate's politics,particularly during Mughal-Bijapur conflicts in the early 17th century. He is remembered for leading conquests that expanded Bijapur southwards into the Karnataka region in the mid-17th century.
The Vijayanagar Invasion of Bijapur was a coordinated campaign by a coalition of Ahmadnagar,Golkonda,and Vijayanagara,aimed at weakening the Bijapur Sultanate in the year 1543. Initiated by Burhan Nizam Shah I of Ahmadnagar,the alliance sought to capitalize on Ibrahim Adil Shah's vulnerabilities. Each ally targeted different regions Ahmadnagar attacked from the northeast,Golkonda from the east,and Vijayanagara advanced from the south under Rama Raya aiming to seize Raichur and the Doab.
