Fife is an unincorporated community in Goochland County, Virginia. [1] It is about 11.4 miles northwest of the county seat, Goochland, via Rte. 6. It has the oldest surviving Rosenwald school in the county, built in 1918 with assistance from Chicago philanthropist Julius Rosenwald. Second Union School is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Variant names were "Fife's" and "Fifes". [1] A post office called Fife's was established in 1827, named after the first owner of the village site. [2] The name was changed to Fife in 1893. [3]
The area was developed for agriculture, and many African Americans continued to work on former plantations into the 20th century. In the early 20th century, public education was segregated and schools for African Americans were underfunded. Julius Rosenwald, a Chicago philanthropist, began to work with Tuskegee Institute to support construction of new schools for rural African-American children in the South. Four were built in western Goochland County, and a total of 12.
Second Union School, located near the Second Union Baptist Church in Fife/Bula, is the last to survive nearly unchanged. It is the oldest Rosenwald school in the county. [4]
The county sold the building to the church after closing the school in 1959, when students were moved to an integrated school nearby. Since the early 21st century, it has been adapted as a museum about education, called the Second Union (Rosenwald) School Museum. [5]
Booker Taliaferro Washington was an American educator, author, orator, and adviser to several presidents of the United States. Between 1890 and 1915, Washington was the dominant leader in the African-American community and of the contemporary black elite. Washington was from the last generation of black American leaders born into slavery and became the leading voice of the former slaves and their descendants. They were newly oppressed in the South by disenfranchisement and the Jim Crow discriminatory laws enacted in the post-Reconstruction Southern states in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
Goochland County is a county located in the Piedmont of the Commonwealth of Virginia. Its southern border is formed by the James River. As of the 2020 census, the population was 24,727. Its county seat is Goochland.
Gates County is a county located in the northeastern portion of the U.S. state of North Carolina, on the border with Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 10,478. Its county seat is Gatesville. Gates County is included in the Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is part of the Albemarle Sound area of the Inner Banks.
Courtland is an incorporated town in Southampton County, Virginia, United States. It is the county seat of Southampton County.
Julius Rosenwald was a Jewish American businessman and philanthropist. He is best known as a part-owner and leader of Sears, Roebuck and Company, and for establishing the Rosenwald Fund, which donated millions in matching funds to promote vocational or technical education. In 1919 he was appointed to the Chicago Commission on Race Relations. He was also the principal founder and backer for the Museum of Science and Industry in Chicago, to which he gave more than $5 million and served as president from 1927 to 1932.
Samuel Chapman Armstrong was an American soldier and general during the American Civil War who later became an educator, particularly of non-whites. The son of missionaries in Hawaii, he rose through the Union Army during the American Civil War to become a general, leading units of African American soldiers. He became best known as an educator, founding and becoming the first principal of the normal school for African-American and later Native American pupils in Virginia which later became Hampton University. He also founded the university's museum, the Hampton University Museum, which is the oldest African-American museum in the country, and the oldest museum in Virginia.
Hampton University is a private, historically black, research university in Hampton, Virginia. Founded in 1868 as Hampton Agricultural and Industrial School, it was established by Black and White leaders of the American Missionary Association after the American Civil War to provide education to freedmen. The campus houses the Hampton University Museum, which is the oldest museum of the African diaspora in the United States and the oldest museum in the commonwealth of Virginia. First led by former Union General Samuel Chapman Armstrong, Hampton University's main campus is located on 314 acres in Hampton, Virginia, on the banks of the Hampton River.
Emancipation Oak is a historic tree on the campus of Hampton University in Hampton, Virginia in the United States. The large, sprawling southern live oak, believed to be over 200 years old, is 98 feet in diameter, with branches which extend upward as well as laterally. It is designated one of the 10 Great Trees of the World by the National Geographic Society and is part of the National Historic Landmark district of Hampton University.
The Rosenwald School project built more than 5,000 schools, shops, and teacher homes in the United States primarily for the education of African-American children in the South during the early 20th century. The project was the product of the partnership of Julius Rosenwald, a Jewish-American clothier who became part-owner and president of Sears, Roebuck and Company and the African-American leader, educator, and philanthropist Booker T. Washington, who was president of the Tuskegee Institute.
Virginia Estelle Randolph was an American educator in Henrico County, Virginia. She was named the United States' first "Jeanes Supervising Industrial Teacher" by her Superintendent of Schools, Jackson Davis, and she led a program funded by the Jeanes Foundation to upgrade vocational training throughout the U.S. South as her career progressed. Her work is widely associated with vocational education. Two schools of the Henrico County Public Schools system were named in her honor and in 2009 Randolph was posthumously honored by the Library of Virginia as one of their "Virginia Women in History" for her career and contributions to education.
Morven is a rural unincorporated community in northwestern Amelia County just south of the Appomattox River in the U.S. state of Virginia. It lies at the intersection of SR 681 and SR 616.
Earls is a rural unincorporated community in Amelia County in the U.S. state of Virginia. Earls lies along SR 153 at the southern terminus of SR 641, 1 mile (1.6 km) north of the Amelia-Nottoway county line.
Mannboro is a rural unincorporated community in eastern Amelia County in the U.S. state of Virginia. It is located along SR 612 at its split and curve junctions with SR 708.
Crozier is an unincorporated community in Goochland County, Virginia, United States. Crozier is located on Virginia State Route 6, about 5.8 miles (9.3 km) east-southeast of Goochland. Crozier has a post office with ZIP code 23039.
The Second Union School is a historic Rosenwald school building for African-American children located near Fife, in western Goochland County, Virginia. It was built in 1918, as a two-teacher school, near Second Union Baptist Church, which had been founded in 1865 as an independent black congregation.
The Mt. Olive Rosenwald School, on Bradley Rd. 45 in Mt. Olive, Bradley County, Arkansas is a wood frame Colonial Revival schoolhouse built in 1927. It is one of five buildings in the county that was funded by The Rosenwald Fund, established by philanthropist Julius Rosenwald to further the education of rural African Americans. It is not known when the building ceased to be used as a school, but classes were offered as late as 1949.
Rosenwald School is a Rosenwald school on Arkansas Highway 26 in Delight, Arkansas. The school, a single-story wood-frame structure with a gable roof, was built in 1938 by the Works Progress Administration. Philanthropist Julius Rosenwald sponsored the Rosenwald schools to provide education for African-Americans in rural communities; the Julius Rosenwald Fund helped build 389 schools in Arkansas, including the one in Delight. The school closed in the 1970s, when many of the Rosenwald schools closed due to desegregation. It is now used as a local community center.
Switchback School, also known as Union Hurst School, is a historic Rosenwald school located near Hot Springs, Bath County, Virginia. It was built in 1924–1925, and is a one-story, frame, graded two-teacher type of public school. It is sheathed in weatherboard and has a side-gable roof. A major addition at the south end was built in 1933 and a second addition was built about 1960. Also on the property are a contributing privy ; a cistern constructed as part of a Civilian Conservation Corps site improvement project (late-1930s); and three stone walls built by the workers from the Works Progress Administration (late-1930s). It is one of approximately 70 Rosenwald schools that survive of the 364 that were built across Virginia for the education of African-American students.
Edith Rosenwald Stern (1895–1980) was an American philanthropist and champion of educational causes in New Orleans, Louisiana, United States. She was instrumental in formation of the Stern Family Fund and was recognized as being willing to support causes for which she had conviction even if the causes were controversial at the time. Examples of her philanthropy included supporting voter registration of African-Americans in the American South, the anti-nuclear movement, public-interest law firms, organizing union and tenant groups, and initiation of challenges by shareholders who wanted corporations to become more socially responsible. Additionally, as political causes, Stern stood for anti-corruption, political fairness at the voting polls, and higher education for African-Americans. She was a patron of the arts including for the New Orleans Philharmonic Orchestra and for promising young artists, especially musicians.
Washington Graded School is a historic school located in Rappahannock County, Virginia. It was constructed around 1923 as a two-teacher school. The building is a "Rosenwald School". Rosenwald schools refer to those buildings constructed for the education of African-American students, with financial support and plans provided by the Rosenwald Fund. Julius Rosenwald, a Chicago philanthropist and president of Sears, Roebuck and Company, along with Booker T. Washington, the principal of Tuskegee Institute, worked with Black communities across the south to build more than 5,000 schools for Black children. Built in 79 localities in Virginia, about half shared the Washington School two-teacher design. The Washington School, which closed in 1963, retains the early look and feel of its rural setting, and exhibits historic integrity of design, workmanship, and materials.
37°44′58″N78°03′43″W / 37.749389°N 78.061918°W