Florin Curta

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Curta, Florin (1998). Making an Early Medieval Ethnie: The Case of the Early Slavs (Sixth to Seventh Century A.D.) (Doctor of Philosophy thesis). Kalamazoo, Michigan: Western Michigan University. Retrieved July 29, 2025.
  • Curta, Florin (2001). The Making of the Slavs: History and Archaeology of the Lower Danube Region, c. 500–700. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511496295. ISBN   9780521802024.
  • Curta, Florin (2001). "Limes and Cross: The Religious Dimension of the Sixth-century Danube Frontier of the Early Byzantine Empire". Старинар. 51: 45–70.
  • Curta, Florin (2006). Southeastern Europe in the Middle Ages, 500–1250 . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN   978-0-521-81539-0.
  • Curta, Florin (2011). The Edinburgh History of the Greeks, c. 500 to 1050: The Early Middle Ages. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. doi:10.1515/9780748644896. ISBN   9780748644896. JSTOR   j.ctt1r23dk. S2CID   163031847.
  • Curta, Florin (2019). Eastern Europe in the Middle Ages (500–1300). Brill's Companions to European History, vol. 19. Leiden and Boston: Brill. ISBN   9789004395190.
  • Curta, Florin (2020). Slavs in the Making: History, Linguistics, and Archaeology in Eastern Europe (ca. 500-ca. 700). London: Routledge. doi:10.4324/9780203701256. ISBN   9780203701256. S2CID   225265576.
  • Curta, Florin (2021). The Long Sixth Century in Eastern Europe. Brill. ISBN   9789004456983.
  • Curta, Florin; Stamati, Iurie (2021). Women Archaeologists under Communism, 1917-1989: Breaking the Glass Ceiling. Springer Nature. ISBN   9783030875206.
  • Curta, Florin; Paliga, Sorin (2023). Slavii în perioada migraţiilor (in Romanian). Cetatea de Scaun. ISBN   9786065375840.

    • Edited volumes

    • East Central & Eastern Europe in the Early Middle Ages. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2005.
    • Borders, Barriers, and Ethnogenesis. Frontiers in Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages. Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols, 2005.
    • The other Europe in the Middle Ages. Avars, Bulgars, Khazars, and Cumans. Leiden-Boston: Brill, 2008.
    • Neglected Barbarians. Turnhout: Brepols, 2011.
    • with Bogdan-Petru Maleon, The Steppe Lands and the World Beyond Them. Studies in Honor of Victor Spinei on his 70th Birthday. Iași: Editura Universității "Alexandru Ioan Cuza", 2013.

    References

    1. 1 2 3 "Florin CURTA - istoric și arheolog - Membru de onoare, 2023". Romanian Academy . January 22, 2025.
    2. ↑ "Interview with Florin Curta". Medievalists.net. January 2007. Retrieved December 24, 2011.
    3. 1 2 "Florin Curta". history.ufl.edu. University of Florida. Retrieved April 11, 2019.
    4. ↑ Holt, Andrew (December 25, 2014). "An Interview with Dr. Florin Curta on Communism, Faith, and Academia". apholt.com.
    5. 1 2 Di Hu, "Approaches to the Archaeology of Ethnogenesis: Past and Emergent Perspectives", Journal of Archaeological Research, 21(4), 2013, pp. 389–390
    6. ↑ Johannes Koder, "On the Slavic Immigration in the Byzantine Balkans", Migration Histories of the Medieval Afroeurasian Transition Zone: Aspects of Mobility Between Africa, Asia and Europe, 300–1500 C.E., 2020, pp. 81–100
    7. ↑ Florin Curta, The Early Slavs. Culture and Society in Early Medieval Eastern Europe by Paul M. Barford (review), European Journal of Archaeology, 6(1), 2003, pp. 99–101
    8. ↑ Florin Curta, "The early Slavs in Bohemia and Moravia: a response to my critics", Archeologické rozhledy, 61 (4), 2009, pp. 725–754
    9. 1 2 3 4 Wolverton, Lisa (2003). "The Making of the Slavs: History and Archeology of the Lower Danube Region ca. 500-700 (review)" . Journal of Interdisciplinary History . 34 (1): 92–93. doi:10.1162/002219503322645655. ISSN   1530-9169. S2CID   143226004.
    10. ↑ Mârza, Radu (2017). "Teaching Slavic History in Romania in 2017". Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana. 22 (2): 140–156. doi: 10.21638/11701/spbu19.2017.211 . hdl:11701/8484. ISSN   1995-848X.
    11. 1 2 Felix Biermann, "Kommentar zum Aufsatz von Florin Curta: Utváření Slovanů (se zvláštním zřetelem k Čechám a Moravě) – The Making of the Slavs (with a special emphasis on Bohemia and Moravia)", Archeologické rozhledy, 61 (2), 2009, pp. 337–349
    12. ↑ Boris Todorov, The Making of the Slavs. History and Archaeology of the Lower Danube Region, c. 500–700 by Florin Curta (review), Comitatus, 33, 2002, pp. 178–180
    13. ↑ Paul Stephenson, The Making of the Slavs: History and Archaeology of the Lower Danube Region, c. 500–700 by Florin Curta (review), The International History Review, 24 (3), 2002, pp. 629–631
    14. ↑ Florin Curta, "The Making of the Slavs between ethnogenesis, invention, and migration", Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana, 2 (4), 2008, pp. 155–172
    15. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Maslač, Domagoj (2022). "Slaveni u ranom srednjem vijeku i pogled Florina Curte" [Slavs in the Early Medieval Period and Florin Curta's View]. Rostra (in Croatian). 13 (13): 61–81. Retrieved October 21, 2024.
    16. ↑ Greenberg, Marc L. (2002). "Common Slavic: Progress or Crisis in its Reconstruction? Notes on Recent Archaeological Challenges to Historical Linguistics". International Journal of Slavic Linguistics and Poetics . 44–45: 197–209. ISSN   0538-8228.
    17. 1 2 3 4 Kara, Michał (2022). "Archaeology, mainly Polish, in the current discussion on the ethnogenesis of the Slavs". Slavia Antiqua. Rocznik poświęcony starożytnościom słowiańskim (63): 75, 116–119. doi: 10.14746/sa.2022.63.3 .
    18. ↑ Curta, Florin (2024). "Migration and common Slavic: critical remarks of an archaeologist". Linguistica Brunensia. 72 (2): 41–56. doi: 10.5817/LB2024-38774 .
    19. ↑ Curry, Andrew (September 3, 2025). "Ancient skeletons' genes reveal origin of the Slavic people: DNA connects modern Slavs to a wave of migration following the fall of the Roman Empire" . Science . doi: 10.1126/science.zanlrjm .
    20. 1 2 3 Walter Pohl, The Avars: A Steppe Empire in Central Europe, 567–822, Cornell University Press, 2018, pp. 124, quote: "Predictably, his work was met by some severe criticism in general and in detail. I included a very favorable discussion of it in my paper about "Non-Roman Europe" at the Harvard Medieval Seminar in 2001, and it was not very well received by some of the senior scholars in the audience. The book may have its weaknesses, and I do not agree with all of its propositions, but its groundbreaking role should in any case be acknowledged."
    21. ↑ Mühle, Eduard (2022). "Reviewed work: Florin Curta, Slavs in the Making: History, Linguistics, and Archaeology in Eastern Europe (ca. 500–ca. 700). London: Routledge, 2021". Speculum. 97 (3): 819–820. doi:10.1086/720572.
    22. 1 2 3 Pleterski, Andrej (2021). "Slavi e Valacchi alle porte dell'Italia nel contesto dell'etnogenesi degli Slavi" [Slavs and Vlachs at the gate of Italy in the process of ethnogenesis of the Slavs](PDF). Quaderni Friulani di Archeologia (in Italian). 31 (1): 253–254, 266–268.
    23. ↑ Pleterski, Andrej (2009). "The inventing of Slavs or inventive Slavs? O ideovém světě a způsobu bydlení starých Slovanů". Archeologické rozhledy. 61 (2). Praha: Archeologický ústav AV ČR: 331–336.
    24. 1 2 Shuvalov, Petr V. (2008). "Изобретение проблемы (по поводу книги Флорина Курты)". Петербургские славянские и балканские исследования (in Russian) (2): 13–20. ISSN   1995-848X.
    25. ↑ Other sources:
      • Tomáš Gábriš, Róbert Jáger, "Back to Slavic Legal History? On the Use of Historical Linguistics in the History of Slavic Law", Frühmittelalterliche Studien, 53 (1), 2019, pp. 41–42
      • Andrej Pleterski, "The Ethnogenesis of the Slavs, the Methods and the Process", Starohrvatska prosvjeta, 3 (40), 2013, pp. 8–10, 22–25
      • Andrej Pleterski, "The Early Slavs in the Eastern Alps and Their Periphery", in The Slavs on the Danube. Homeland Found, Editors-in-Charge Roman A. Rabinovich and Igor O. Gavritukhin, Stratum plus, No. 5, 2015, pp. 232, quote: "Однако под влиянием англосаксонских антропологических теорий возникла и третья концепция, согласно которой славяне в Европе распространялись не как «биологический» феномен, а как культурная модель образа жизни с языковым компонентом данной культурной модели (Barford 2001; Curta 2001; 2008; 2010; 2010а; Džino 2008; 2009). Недостаток данной концепции состоит в том, что она в основном сосредоточена на механизме передачи культурной модели, и гораздо меньше — на ее происхождении. На другие слабые места в ее аргументации указывает Владимир Сокол — это недостаточное знание адептами концеп1 За дружескую помощь я благодарю Владимира Нартника. №5. 2015 ции конкретных материалов, что приводит к произвольным интерпретационным выводам (Sokol 2011)."
      • Belaj, Vitomir; Belaj, Juraj (2018). "Around and below Divuša: The Traces of Perun's Mother Arrival into Our Lands". Zbornik Instituta za arheologiju / Serta Instituti Archaeologici, Vol. 10. Sacralization of Landscape and Sacred Places. Proceedings of the 3rd International Scientific Conference of Mediaeval Archaeology of the Institute of Archaeology. Zagreb: Institute of Archaeology. pp. 75–76. ISBN   978-953-6064-36-6. The lexical content of the living culture of the ancient Slavs before their separation refutes Curta's conclusions. As if Curta before our eyes were writing a new historiographic myth about them (Belaj, V., Belaj, J. 2018). Negative answers to such considerations were not in short supply either. Suffice it to mention the 2009 and 2013 works by the Ljubljana scholar Andrej Pleterski, and the 2010 work by the Ukrainian scholar Maksim Žih. The latter mocked Curta: "in summary, we could say that F. Curta's works are frequently structured on the principle leading "from (an a priori) concept towards sources". We may add that Curta's way of thinking is suspiciously similar to the stadial theory of the Soviet scholar Nicholas Yakovlevich Marr9 (see: Belaj, V., Belaj, J. 2018) ... In addition to the fact that Curta's conclusions cannot withstand a logical critique, they are also based only on selected evidential material he necessitated in order to infer the conclusions he had already made in advance.
      • Rejzek, Jiří (October 19–22, 2017), "Linguistic comments to Curta's making of the Slavs", Language contact and the Early Slavs (PDF), Prague: Faculty of Arts, Charles University in Prague , retrieved August 10, 2022, The controversial and provocative Curta's view of the Slavic ethnogenesis has been challenged by several historians and archeologists. As far as I know, linguistic arguments have not been used in the discussion too much, even though the new theory gave rise to several linguistic issues. If the Slavs "were made" by the Byzantines from different ethnic groups on the border of the empire, how to explain the affinity of Slavic and Baltic languages? Why should the Proto-Slavic serve as lingua franca in the Avar khaganate? Is it possible that the speakers of Proto-Slavic came from "nowhere"? How to explain the early presence of the Slavs and Slavic in Poland, Ukraine and Russia, far from the Byzantine Empire and out of range of the Avar khaganate?
    26. 1 2 Timberlake, Alan (2013). "Culture and the spread of Slavic". In Balthasar Bickel, Lenore A. Grenoble, David A. Peterson, Alan Timberlake (ed.). Language Typology and Historical Contingency: In honor of Johanna Nichols. Typological Studies in Language. Vol. 104. Amsterdam, Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company. pp. 334, 348, 351–353. doi:10.1075/tsl.104.15tim. ISBN   9789027206855.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: editors list (link)
    27. ↑ Curta, Florin (2015). "Four questions for those who still believe in prehistoric Slavs and other fairy tales". Starohrvatska Prosvjeta. III (42): 286–303.
    28. ↑ Lindstedt, Jouko; Salmela, Elina (2020). "Migrations and language shifts as components of the Slavic spread". In Tomáš Klír, Vít Boček, Nicolas Jansens (ed.). New Perspectives on the Early Slavs and the Rise of Slavic: Contact and Migrations (PDF). Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter. pp. 275–300. ISBN   978-3-8253-4707-9.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: editors list (link)
    29. ↑ Turlej, Stanisław (2010). "Justynian i początki Słowian. Uwagi na temat teorii Florina Curty" [Justinian and the Early Days of the Slavs. Remarks on Florin Curta's Theory]. Prace Historyczne (in Polish). 137: 11–19. Retrieved November 23, 2024.
    30. ↑ Vasary, Istvan (2006). "06.03.16, Vasary, Response to Curta". The Medieval Review .
    31. ↑ Curta, Florin (2006). "06.04.03, Curta, Response to Vasary". The Medieval Review .
    32. ↑ Romanchuk, Aleksey A. (2021). "Пределы конструктивизма: в качестве реплики на «Slavs in the Making» Ф. Курты" [The Limits of Constructivism: a Comment to the "Slavs in the Making" of F. Curta]. Stratum Plus (in Russian) (5): 435–444. doi:10.55086/sp215435444.
    33. ↑ Danijel Džino, Becoming Slav, Becoming Croat: Identity Transformations in Post-Roman and Early Medieval Dalmatia, BRILL, 2010, pp. 93–94
    34. ↑ Lindstedt, Jouko (October 19–22, 2017), "How the early Slavs existed: A short essay on ontology and methodology", Language contact and the Early Slavs (PDF), Prague: Faculty of Arts, Charles University in Prague , retrieved August 10, 2022, Despite Florin Curta (2015) declaring the prehistoric Slavs as a "fairy tale", they certainly existed at least in a linguistic sense: the Slavic language family is unexplainable without an earlier protolanguage, this Proto-Slavic must have had speakers, and "Slav" is the name that mediaeval sources mainly propose as the designation of those ... but there is also no reason to argue that they are totally unrelated groups of people. Linguistics shows the spread of the Slavic language in Eastern Europe in the second half of the first millennium CE; history and archaeology tell us about at least some major migrations in this same period of worsening living conditions (due to the Late Antique Little Ice Age and Justinian's Plague); population genetics shows the relatively recent common ancestry of most of the population in this area. These are distinct stories, but not unrelated stories, and the challenge is to construct an integrated view of the early speakers of Slavic on their basis, not to bury the Slavs under ontological doubts and methodological scruples.
    35. ↑ Michel Kazanski, "Archaeology of the Slavic Migrations", in: Encyclopedia of Slavic Languages and Linguistics Online, Editor-in-Chief Marc L. Greenberg, BRILL, 2020, quote: "There are two specific aspects of the archaeology of Slavic migrations: the movement of the populations of the Slavic cultural model and the diffusion of this model amid non-Slavic populations. Certainly, both phenomena occurred; however, a pure diffusion of the Slavic model would hardly be possible, in any case in which a long period of time when the populations of different cultural traditions lived close to one another is assumed. Moreover, archaeologists researching Slavic antiquities do not accept the ideas produced by the "diffusionists," because most of the champions of the diffusion model know the specific archaeological materials poorly, so their works leave room for a number of arbitrary interpretations (for details, see Pleterski 2015: 232)."
    Florin Curta
    Born (1965-01-15) January 15, 1965 (age 60) [1]
    Romania
    NationalityRomanian, American
    Occupation(s)Archaeologist, historian
    Academic background
    Thesis Making an Early Medieval Ethnie: The Case of the Early Slavs (Sixth to Seventh Century A.D.) (1998)
    International
    National
    Academics
    People
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