Fort Oglethorpe | |
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Catoosa / Walker counties, Georgia, United States | |
![]() Members of the UNC Class of 1917 at Fort Oglethorpe, March 1915 | |
Coordinates | 34°56′58.75″N 85°15′10.66″W |
Site information | |
Owner | Private/Public |
Site history | |
In use | 1902–1946 |
Fort Oglethorpe was a United States Army post in the US state of Georgia. It was established in a 1902 regulation, and received its first contingent in 1904. It served largely as a cavalry post for the 6th Cavalry. During World War I, Fort Oglethorpe housed 4,000 German prisoners of war and civilian detainees. [1] During World War I and World War II, it served as an induction and processing center. During World War II, it was a major training center for the Women's Army Corps.
Originally established with the purchase of 813 acres by the US Government, Fort Oglethorpe also expanded into the territory of the adjacent Chickamauga and Chattanooga National Military Park. (All facilities were removed from the park after the end of WW2, and no evidence remains today.) The Fort was considered to be one of the most modern in the country, and it was used for many things. The Fort saw extensive field-testing of the Bantam Reconnaissance Car, later to be known as the "Jeep." The Fort was also a major factor in the development of various forms of the Mobile Army Surgical Hospital, or "MASH," and the perfection of many medical techniques used in trench warfare. Then-Captain Dwight D. Eisenhower served here for four months in 1917 as an instructor. [2]
The post was declared surplus after World War II and sold. The final flag was lowered at 5:00 PM on December 31, 1946. The majority of the old post formed the nucleus for the present community of Fort Oglethorpe, Georgia. Incorporated in February, 1949, it was the first city to be incorporated in Georgia after World War 2.
In the 1930s, soldiers played polo with Summerfield Johnston Sr. (Summerfield Johnston Jr.'s father), of the Coca-Cola Bottling Company, later known as Coca-Cola Enterprises, at Fort Oglethorpe and on the Johnston farm in McDonald, Tennessee. [3] Polo and other pursuits were considered by the Army to be an important way for soldiers to maintain their riding skills in the years between World Wars 1 and 2, and the Fort hosted both horse shows and national competitions.
The American comic book artist and writer Marc Swayze was stationed at Fort Oglethorpe at the beginning of World War II. [4]
John Stith Pemberton was an American pharmacist and Confederate States Army veteran who is best known as the inventor of Coca-Cola. On May 8, 1886, he developed an early version of a beverage that would later become Coca-Cola, but sold the rights to the drink shortly before his death in 1888.
Fort Oglethorpe is a city predominantly in Catoosa County with some portions in Walker County in the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 10,423. It is part of the Chattanooga, TN–GA Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is home to Lakeview – Fort Oglethorpe High School.
Columbus is a consolidated city-county located on the west-central border of the U.S. state of Georgia. Columbus lies on the Chattahoochee River directly across from Phenix City, Alabama. It is the county seat of Muscogee County, with which it officially merged in 1970; the original merger excluded Bibb City, which joined in 2000 after dissolving its own city charter.
The 1st Infantry Division (1ID) is a combined arms division of the United States Army, and is the oldest continuously serving division in the Regular Army. It has seen continuous service since its organization in 1917 during World War I. It was officially nicknamed "The Big Red One" after its shoulder patch and is also nicknamed "The Fighting First". The division has also received troop monikers of "The Big Dead One" and "The Bloody First" as puns on the respective officially sanctioned nicknames. It is currently based at Fort Riley, Kansas.
Fort Sill is a United States Army post north of Lawton, Oklahoma, about 85 miles (137 km) southwest of Oklahoma City. It covers almost 94,000 acres (38,000 ha).
Gordon Johnston was an American soldier, Medal of Honor recipient and football player and coach. He played at the tackle position for Princeton University and served as the head coach of the University of North Carolina football team in 1896. He served as an officer in the United States Army during the Spanish–American War, the Philippine–American War and World War I, and received the Medal of Honor for his actions during the Philippine–American War.
The 6th Cavalry is a regiment of the United States Army that began as a regiment of cavalry in the American Civil War. It currently is organized into aviation squadrons that are assigned to several different combat aviation brigades.
Thomas Wade Herren was a United States Army officer and combat commander whose career spanned from World War I to the post-Korean War era.
Major General Horace H. Fuller was an American soldier and general in the first half of the 20th century. He is best known for his command of the 41st Infantry Division in the South West Pacific Area during World War II.
Fort Oglethorpe, Georgia was a German-American internment camp in Catoosa County, Georgia, during and after World War I. Facilities at the fort were used to detain some 4,000 enemy military personnel, prisoners of war, and civilian internees arrested under the Alien and Sedition Acts, between 1917 and 1920. After it was deactivated in 1947, the Camp's facilities formed the basis for the present day town of Fort Oglethorpe, Georgia.
George Windle Read Jr. was a lieutenant general in the United States Army. He was prominent as a top-tier polo player, a successful commander of World War II armor units, and the U.S. Army's Chief of Armor.
Gordon Byrom Rogers was a United States Army lieutenant general who served in several command positions during World War II and the Korean War, including the United States Military Advisory Group to the Republic of Korea and the 3rd Armored Division.
McDonald is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Bradley County, Tennessee, United States. McDonald is located along U.S. Route 11 and U.S. Route 64 6.8 miles (10.9 km) west-southwest of Cleveland. McDonald has a post office with ZIP code 37353.
Summerfield Johnston III, a.k.a. Skeeter Johnston, (1954-2007) was an American businessman and polo player.
Summerfield Johnston Jr., aka Skey Johnston, is an American businessman and polo player. He served as chairman of the board and chief executive officer of Coca-Cola Enterprises from 1991 to 2001.
Lieutenant-General James Edward Oglethorpe was a British Army officer, Tory politician and colonial administrator best known for founding the Province of Georgia in British North America. As a social reformer, he hoped to resettle Britain's "worthy poor" in the New World, initially focusing on those in debtors' prisons.
Albert Hammond Staton was a college football and basketball player for the Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets of the Georgia Institute of Technology, and a Coca-Cola executive in Colombia.
Gillian Johnston is an American polo player and patron.
James Cliffton Smith Jr. was a major general in the United States Army who served as commander of the United States Army Aviation Center and commandant of the Army Aviation School from 1976 to 1978. He previously served as commanding general of the 1st Cavalry Division from 1971 to 1973.
The 6th Cavalry Museum is a military history museum located in Fort Oglethorpe, Georgia. The museum is dedicated to the 6th Cavalry Regiment, a regiment of the United States Army that began as a regiment of cavalry in the American Civil War, and is still active today. It is focused on those who served at the U.S. Army Post at Fort Oglethorpe from 1902 to 1946. The museum was established in 1981 by veterans who served in the cavalry.