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Moves | 1.d4 e6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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ECO | A40 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Origin | 19th century | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Named after | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Parent | Queen's Pawn Game | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Synonym(s) | Horwitz Defence |
The Franco-Indian Defence (also Horwitz Defence) is a chess opening defined by the moves:
This response to White's 1.d4 is so named "because it may lead to the French Defence, or to one of the Indian Defences; it may, however, take a different course." [1] Alternatively, author Eric Schiller has proposed the name "Horwitz Defence", after the German chess master and writer Bernhard Horwitz (1807–1885), who played it against Daniel Harrwitz between 1849 and 1852. [2] [3]
The opening has little independent significance and is likely to transpose into other openings. English grandmaster Simon Williams often uses 1.d4 e6 as a way of playing for the Dutch Defence while avoiding the Staunton Gambit (1.d4 f5 2.e4!?). [4] [5] One of the few independent lines is the Keres Defence (1.d4 e6 2.c4 Bb4+), where White usually plays 3.Bd2, avoiding a transpostion to the Nimzo-Indian Defence; however, transpositions to other openings such as the Bogo-Indian Defence are still possible.
The Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings code for the Franco-Indian Defence is A40.
The French Defence is a chess opening characterised by the moves:
The Nimzo-Indian Defence is a chess opening characterised by the moves:
The Bogo-Indian Defense is a chess opening characterised by the moves:
The Queen's Indian Defense (QID) is a chess opening defined by the moves:
The English Opening is a chess opening that begins with the move:
Bird's Opening is a chess opening characterised by the move:
The Benoni Defense is a chess opening characterized by an early reply of ...c5 against White's opening move 1.d4. Most commonly, it is reached by the sequence:
The Queen's Pawn Game is any chess opening starting with the move 1.d4, which is the second-most popular opening move after 1.e4.
The Nimzowitsch-Larsen Attack is a chess opening typically starting with the move: 1.b3 but sometimes introduced by the move order 1.Nf3 and then 2.b3. The flank opening move 1.b3 prepares to fianchetto the queen's bishop where it will help control the central squares in hypermodern fashion and put pressure on Black's kingside.
The Queen's Gambit Declined is a chess opening in which Black declines a pawn offered by White in the Queen's Gambit:
Vasja Pirc was a Slovenian chess player. He is best known in competitive chess circles as a strong exponent of the hypermodern defense now generally known as the Pirc Defence.
The Keres Defence is a chess opening characterised by the moves:
In the game of chess, Indian Defence or Indian Game is a broad term for a group of openings characterised by the moves:
In chess, a transposition is a sequence of moves that results in a position that may also be reached by another, more common sequence of moves. Transpositions are particularly common in the opening, where a given position may be reached by different sequences of moves. Players sometimes use transpositions deliberately, to avoid variations they dislike, lure opponents into unfamiliar or uncomfortable territory or simply to worry opponents. To transpose means to play move(s) that result in a transposition.
The English Defence is a chess opening characterised by the moves:
A Semi-Closed Game is a chess opening in which White plays 1.d4 but Black does not make the symmetrical reply 1...d5.