List of chess openings

Last updated

This is a list of chess openings, organised by the Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings (ECO) code classification system. The chess openings are categorised into five broad areas ("A" through "E"), with each of those broken up into one hundred subcategories ("00" through "99"). The openings were published in five volumes of ECO, with volumes labeled "A" through "E".

Contents

A – Flank openings

A00–A09

White first moves other than 1.e4, 1.d4, 1.c4:

A00 Irregular Openings

  • Anderssen's Opening: 1. a3
  • Anderssen's Opening: Polish Gambit: 1. a3 a5 2. b4
  • Formation: Hippopotamus Attack: 1. a3 e5 2. b3 d5 3. c3 Nf6 4. d3 Nc6 5. e3 Bd6 6. f3 O-O 7. g3
  • Formation: Shy Attack: 1. a3 e5 2. g3 d5 3. Bg2 Nf6 4. d3 Nc6 5. Nd2 Bd6 6. e3 O-O 7. h3
  • Van Geet Opening: Reversed Nimzowitsch, Battambang Variation: 1. a3 e5 2. Nc3
  • Ware Opening: 1. a4
  • Ware Opening: Symmetric Variation: 1. a4 a5
  • Ware Opening: Wing Gambit: 1. a4 b5 2. axb5 Bb7
  • Ware Opening: Cologne Gambit: 1. a4 b6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Nd7
  • Ware Opening: Ware Gambit: 1. a4 e5 2. a5 d5 3. e3 f5 4. a6
  • Ware Opening: Crab Variation: 1. a4 e5 2. h4
  • Ware Opening: Meadow Hay Trap: 1. a4 e5 2. Ra3
  • Polish Opening: 1. b4
  • Polish Opening: Symmetrical Variation: 1. b4 b5
  • Polish Opening: Birmingham Gambit: 1. b4 c5
  • Polish Opening: Outflank Variation: 1. b4 c6
  • Polish Opening: Outflank, Schuehler Gambit: 1. b4 c6 2. Bb2 a5 3. b5 cxb5 4. e4
  • Polish Opening: Baltic Defense: 1. b4 d5 2. Bb2 Bf5
  • Polish Opening: Myers Variation: 1. b4 d5 2. Bb2 c6 3. a4
  • Polish Opening: German Defense: 1. b4 d5 2. Bb2 Qd6
  • Polish Opening: Bugayev Attack: 1. b4 e5 2. a3
  • Polish Opening: Wolferts Gambit: 1. b4 e5 2. Bb2 c5
  • Polish Opening: Czech Defense: 1. b4 e5 2. Bb2 d6
  • Polish Opening: Bugayev Advance Variation: 1. b4 e5 2. Bb2 f6 3. b5
  • Polish Opening: Tartakower Gambit: 1. b4 e5 2. Bb2 f6 3. e4
  • Polish Opening: Queenside Defense: 1. b4 e6 2. Bb2 Nf6 3. b5 a6
  • Polish Opening: Queenside Defense, Rooks Exchange Line: 1. b4 e6 2. Bb2 Nf6 3. b5 a6 4. a4 axb5 5. axb5 Rxa1 6. Bxa1
  • Polish Opening: Queen's Indian Variation: 1. b4 e6 2. Bb2 Nf6 3. b5 b6
  • Polish Opening: Schiffler-Sokolsky Variation: 1. b4 e6 2. Bb2 Nf6 3. b5 d5 4. e3
  • Polish Opening: Dutch Defense: 1. b4 f5
  • Polish Opening: Grigorian Variation: 1. b4 Nc6
  • Polish Opening: King's Indian Variation: 1. b4 Nf6 2. Bb2 g6
  • Polish Opening: King's Indian Variation, Sokolsky Attack: 1. b4 Nf6 2. Bb2 g6 3. c4 Bg7 4. e3 d6 5. Nf3 O-O 6. d4
  • Polish Opening: King's Indian Variation, Schiffler Attack: 1. b4 Nf6 2. Bb2 g6 3. e4
  • Polish Opening: Karniewski Variation: 1. b4 Nh6
  • Saragossa Opening: 1. c3
  • Mieses Opening: 1. d3
  • Mieses Opening: Venezolana Variation: 1. d3 c5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. g3
  • Mieses Opening: Reversed Rat: 1. d3 e5
  • Valencia Opening: 1. d3 e5 2. Nd2
  • Mieses Opening: Myers Spike Attack: 1. d3 g6 2. g4
  • Van't Kruijs Opening: 1. e3
  • Van't Kruijs Opening: Bouncing Bishop Variation: 1. e3 e5 2. Bc4 b5 3. Bb3
  • Amsterdam Attack: 1. e3 e5 2. c4 d6 3. Nc3 Nc6 4. b3 Nf6
  • Van't Kruijs Opening: Keoni-Hiva Gambit, Ekolu Variation: 1. e3 e5 2. Nc3 d5 3. f4 exf4 4. Nf3
  • Van't Kruijs Opening: Keoni-Hiva Gambit, Alua Variation: 1. e3 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. f4 exf4 4. Nf3
  • Van't Kruijs Opening: Keoni-Hiva Gambit, Akahi Variation: 1. e3 e5 2. Nc3 Nf6 3. f4 exf4 4. Nf3
  • Barnes Opening: 1. f3
  • Barnes Opening: Gedult Gambit: 1. f3 d5 2. e4 g6 3. d4 dxe4 4. c3
  • Barnes Opening: Fool's Mate: 1. f3 e5 2. g4 Qh4#
  • Barnes Opening: Hammerschlag: 1. f3 e5 2. Kf2
  • Barnes Opening: Gedult Gambit: 1. f3 f5 2. e4 fxe4 3. Nc3
  • Hungarian Opening: 1. g3
  • Hungarian Opening: Sicilian Invitation: 1. g3 c5
  • Hungarian Opening: Reversed Modern Defense: 1. g3 d5 2. Bg2 c5
  • Hungarian Opening: Slav Formation: 1. g3 d5 2. Bg2 c6
  • Hungarian Opening: Bücker Gambit: 1. g3 d5 2. Bg2 e5 3. b4
  • Hungarian Opening: Winterberg Gambit: 1. g3 d5 2. Bg2 e5 3. c4 dxc4 4. b3
  • Hungarian Opening: Catalan Formation: 1. g3 d5 2. Bg2 e6
  • Hungarian Opening: Burk Gambit: 1. g3 e5 2. a3 d5 3. Nf3 e4 4. Nh4 Be7 5. d3
  • Hungarian Opening: Reversed Alekhine: 1. g3 e5 2. Nf3
  • Hungarian Opening: Reversed Brooklyn Defense, Brooklyn Benko Gambit: 1. g3 e5 2. Nf3 e4 3. Ng1 Nf6 4. b4
  • Hungarian Opening: Reversed Norwegian Defense: 1. g3 e5 2. Nf3 e4 3. Nh4
  • Hungarian Opening: Paris Gambit: 1. g3 e5 2. Nh3 d5 3. f4 Bxh3 4. Bxh3 exf4 5. O-O
  • Hungarian Opening: Dutch Defense: 1. g3 f5
  • Hungarian Opening: Pachman Gambit: 1. g3 f5 2. e4 fxe4 3. Qh5+ g6
  • Hungarian Opening: Myers Defense: 1. g3 g5
  • Hungarian Opening: Symmetrical Variation: 1. g3 g6
  • Lasker Simul Special: 1. g3 h5
  • Hungarian Opening: Van Kuijk Gambit: 1. g3 h5 2. Nf3 h4
  • Hungarian Opening: Asten Gambit: 1. g3 Nc6 2. Nc3 d5 3. d4 e5 4. dxe5 d4 5. Ne4 f5
  • Hungarian Opening: Indian Defense: 1. g3 Nf6
  • Grob Opening: 1. g4
  • Grob Opening: Grob Gambit: 1. g4 d5 2. Bg2
  • Grob Opening: Grob Gambit, Fritz Gambit: 1. g4 d5 2. Bg2 Bxg4 3. c4
  • Grob Opening: Romford Countergambit: 1. g4 d5 2. Bg2 Bxg4 3. c4 d4
  • Grob Opening: Grob Gambit, Fritz Gambit, Romford Countergambit: 1. g4 d5 2. Bg2 Bxg4 3. c4 d4 4. Bxb7 Nd7 5. Bxa8 Qxa8
  • Grob Opening: Grob Gambit Declined: 1. g4 d5 2. Bg2 c6
  • Grob Opening: Grob Gambit, Richter-Grob Gambit: 1. g4 d5 2. Bg2 c6 3. c4 dxc4 4. b3
  • Grob Opening: Spike Attack: 1. g4 d5 2. Bg2 c6 3. g5
  • Grob Opening: Grob Gambit, Keres Gambit: 1. g4 d5 2. Bg2 e5 3. d4 exd4 4. c3
  • Grob Opening: Grob Gambit, Basman Gambit: 1. g4 d5 2. Bg2 h5 3. gxh5
  • Grob Opening: Zilbermints Gambit: 1. g4 d5 2. e4 dxe4 3. Nc3
  • Grob Opening: Zilbermints Gambit, Zilbermints-Hartlaub Gambit: 1. g4 d5 2. e4 dxe4 3. Nc3 e5 4. d3
  • Grob Opening: Zilbermints Gambit, Schiller Defense: 1. g4 d5 2. e4 dxe4 3. Nc3 h5
  • Grob Opening: Keene Defense: 1. g4 d5 2. h3 e5 3. Bg2 c6
  • Grob Opening: Keene Defense, Main Line: 1. g4 d5 2. h3 e5 3. Bg2 c6 4. d4 e4 5. c4 Bd6 6. Nc3 Ne7
  • Grob Opening: Spike, Hurst Attack: 1. g4 e5 2. Bg2 d5 3. c4
  • Grob Opening: London Defense: 1. g4 e5 2. h3 Nc6
  • Grob Opening: Alessi Gambit: 1. g4 f5
  • Grob Opening: Double Grob: 1. g4 g5
  • Grob Opening: Double Grob, Coca-Cola Gambit: 1. g4 g5 2. f4
  • Clemenz Opening: 1. h3
  • Creepy Crawly Formation: Classical Defense: 1. h3 d5 2. a3 e5
  • Global Opening: 1. h3 e5 2. a3
  • Clemenz Opening: Spike Lee Gambit: 1. h3 h5 2. g4
  • Kádas Opening: 1. h4
  • Kádas Opening: Koola-Koola Variation: 1. h4 a5
  • Kádas Opening: Kádas Gambit: 1. h4 c5 2. b4
  • Kádas Opening: Myers Variation: 1. h4 d5 2. d4 c5 3. e4
  • Kádas Opening: Kádas Gambit: 1. h4 d5 2. d4 c5 3. Nf3 cxd4 4. c3
  • Kádas Opening: Beginner's Trap: 1. h4 d5 2. Rh3
  • Kádas Opening: Kádas Gambit: 1. h4 e5 2. d4 exd4 3. c3
  • Kádas Opening: Steinbok Gambit: 1. h4 f5 2. e4 fxe4 3. d3
  • Kádas Opening: Schneider Gambit: 1. h4 g5
  • Sodium Attack: 1. Na3
  • Sodium Attack: Celadon Variation: 1. Na3 e5 2. d3 Bxa3 3. bxa3 d5 4. e3 c5 5. Rb1
  • Sodium Attack: Durkin Gambit: 1. Na3 e5 2. Nc4 Nc6 3. e4 f5
  • Sodium Attack: Chenoboskion Variation: 1. Na3 g6 2. g4
  • Van Geet Opening: 1. Nc3
  • Van Geet Opening: Laroche Gambit: 1. Nc3 b5
  • Van Geet Opening: Düsseldorf Gambit: 1. Nc3 c5 2. b4
  • Van Geet Opening: Novosibirsk Variation: 1. Nc3 c5 2. d4 cxd4 3. Qxd4 Nc6 4. Qh4
  • Van Geet Opening: Sicilian Two Knights: 1. Nc3 c5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. d4 cxd4 4. Nxd4
  • Van Geet Opening: Twyble Attack: 1. Nc3 c5 2. Rb1
  • Van Geet Opening: Venezolana Variation: 1. Nc3 d5 2. d3 Nf6 3. g3
  • Van Geet Opening: Sleipnir Gambit: 1. Nc3 d5 2. e3 e5 3. d4 Bb4
  • Van Geet Opening: Hector Gambit: 1. Nc3 d5 2. e4 dxe4 3. Bc4
  • Van Geet Opening: Dunst-Perrenet Gambit: 1. Nc3 d5 2. e4 dxe4 3. d3
  • Van Geet Opening: Dougherty Gambit: 1. Nc3 d5 2. e4 dxe4 3. f3
  • Van Geet Opening: Melleby Gambit: 1. Nc3 d5 2. f4 d4 3. Ne4 c5
  • Van Geet Opening: Pfeiffer Gambit: 1. Nc3 d5 2. f4 d4 3. Ne4 e5
  • Van Geet Opening: Pfeiffer Gambit, Sleipnir Countergambit: 1. Nc3 d5 2. f4 d4 3. Ne4 e5 4. Nf3
  • Van Geet Opening: Jendrossek Gambit: 1. Nc3 d5 2. f4 d4 3. Ne4 f5 4. Nf2 Nf6 5. Nf3 c5 6. b4
  • Van Geet Opening: Damhaug Gambit: 1. Nc3 d5 2. f4 e5
  • Van Geet Opening: Warsteiner Gambit: 1. Nc3 d5 2. f4 g5
  • Van Geet Opening: Hergert Gambit: 1. Nc3 d6 2. f4 e5 3. fxe5 Nc6
  • Van Geet Opening: Reversed Nimzowitsch: 1. Nc3 e5
  • Van Geet Opening: Gladbacher Gambit: 1. Nc3 e5 2. b3 d5 3. e4 dxe4 4. d3
  • Van Geet Opening: Reversed Scandinavian: 1. Nc3 e5 2. d4 exd4 3. Qxd4 Nc6 4. Qa4
  • Van Geet Opening: Hulsemann Gambit: 1. Nc3 e5 2. e3 d5 3. Qh5 Be6
  • Van Geet Opening: Liebig Gambit: 1. Nc3 e5 2. e3 d5 3. Qh5 Nf6
  • Van Geet Opening: Nowokunski Gambit: 1. Nc3 e5 2. f4 exf4 3. e4
  • Van Geet Opening: Billockus-Johansen Gambit: 1. Nc3 e5 2. Nf3 Bc5
  • Van Geet Opening: Napoleon Attack: 1. Nc3 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. d4
  • Van Geet Opening: Kluever Gambit: 1. Nc3 f5 2. e4 fxe4 3. d3
  • Van Geet Opening: Myers Attack: 1. Nc3 g6 2. h4
  • Van Geet Opening: Tübingen Gambit: 1. Nc3 Nf6 2. g4
  • Amar Opening: 1. Nh3
  • Amar Opening: Paris Gambit: 1. Nh3 d5 2. g3 e5 3. f4
  • Amar Opening: Paris Gambit, Gent Gambit: 1. Nh3 d5 2. g3 e5 3. f4 Bxh3 4. Bxh3 exf4 5. O-O fxg3 6. hxg3

A01 Larsen's Opening: 1.b3

  • Nimzo-Larsen Attack: 1. b3
  • Nimzo-Larsen Attack: Polish Variation: 1. b3 b5
  • Nimzo-Larsen Attack: Symmetrical Variation: 1. b3 b6
  • Nimzo-Larsen Attack: English Variation: 1. b3 c5
  • Nimzo-Larsen Attack: Classical Variation: 1. b3 d5
  • Nimzo-Larsen Attack: Graz Attack: 1. b3 d5 2. Ba3
  • Nimzo-Larsen Attack: Modern Variation: 1. b3 e5
  • Nimzo-Larsen Attack: Modern Variation: 1. b3 e5 2. Bb2 Nc6
  • Nimzo-Larsen Attack: Modern Variation: 1. b3 e5 2. Bb2 Nc6 3. c4 Nf6
  • Nimzo-Larsen Attack: Modern Variation: 1. b3 e5 2. Bb2 Nc6 3. e3
  • Nimzo-Larsen Attack: Pachman Gambit: 1. b3 e5 2. Bb2 Nc6 3. f4
  • Nimzo-Larsen Attack: Dutch Variation: 1. b3 f5
  • Nimzo-Larsen Attack: Ringelbach Gambit: 1. b3 f5 2. Bb2 e6 3. e4
  • Nimzo-Larsen Attack: Indian Variation: 1. b3 Nf6
  • Nimzo-Larsen Attack: Spike Variation: 1. b3 Nf6 2. Bb2 g6 3. g4

A02-A03 Bird's Opening

A02

  • Bird Opening: 1. f4
  • Bird Opening: Myers Defense: 1. f4 b5
  • Bird Opening: From's Gambit: 1. f4 e5
  • Bird Opening: Siegener Gambit: 1. f4 e5 2. d4 exd4 3. Nf3 c5 4. c3
  • Bird Opening: From's Gambit, Lasker Variation: 1. f4 e5 2. fxe5 d6 3. exd6 Bxd6 4. Nf3 g5
  • Bird Opening: From's Gambit, Lipke Variation: 1. f4 e5 2. fxe5 d6 3. exd6 Bxd6 4. Nf3 Nh6 5. d4
  • Bird Opening: From's Gambit, Langheld Gambit: 1. f4 e5 2. fxe5 d6 3. exd6 Nf6
  • Bird Opening: Lasker Gambit: 1. f4 e5 2. fxe5 f6
  • Bird Opening: Schlechter Gambit: 1. f4 e5 2. fxe5 Nc6
  • Bird Opening: Platz Gambit: 1. f4 e5 2. fxe5 Ne7
  • Bird Opening: From's Gambit, Bahr Gambit: 1. f4 e5 2. Nc3
  • Bird Opening: Double Duck Formation: 1. f4 f5 2. d4 d5
  • Bird Opening: Wagner-Zwitersch Gambit: 1. f4 f5 2. e4
  • Bird Opening: Swiss Gambit: 1. f4 f5 2. e4 fxe4 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. g4
  • Bird Opening: Hobbs Gambit: 1. f4 g5
  • Bird Opening: Hobbs-Zilbermints Gambit: 1. f4 h6 2. Nf3 g5
  • Bird Opening: Mujannah: 1. f4 Nf6 2. c4
  • Bird Opening: Batavo-Polish Attack: 1. f4 Nf6 2. Nf3 g6 3. b4
  • Bird Opening: Horsefly Defense: 1. f4 Nh6

A03 Bird's Opening, Dutch Variation:

  • Bird Opening: Dutch Variation: 1. f4 d5
  • Bird Opening: Thomas Gambit: 1. f4 d5 2. b3 Nf6 3. Bb2 d4 4. Nf3 c5 5. e3
  • Bird Opening: Sturm Gambit: 1. f4 d5 2. c4
  • Bird Opening: Williams Gambit: 1. f4 d5 2. e4
  • Bird Opening: Williams-Zilbermints Gambit: 1. f4 d5 2. e4 dxe4 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Nge2
  • Bird Opening: Williams Gambit: 1. f4 d5 2. e4 dxe4 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Qe2
  • Bird Opening: Dutch Variation, Dudweiler Gambit: 1. f4 d5 2. g4
  • Bird Opening: Lasker Variation: 1. f4 d5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. e3 c5


A04-A09 Réti Opening or Zukertort Opening

A04

  • Zukertort Opening: 1. Nf3
  • Zukertort Opening: Ware Defense: 1. Nf3 a5
  • Zukertort Opening: St. George Defense: 1. Nf3 a6
  • Zukertort Opening: Polish Defense: 1. Nf3 b5
  • Zukertort Opening: Queenside Fianchetto Variation: 1. Nf3 b6
  • Zukertort Opening: Sicilian Invitation: 1. Nf3 c5
  • Modern Defense: Semi-Averbakh Variation, Pterodactyl Variation: 1. Nf3 c5 2. c4 g6 3. d4 Bg7 4. e4 Qa5+
  • Modern Defense: Semi-Averbakh Variation, Polish Variation: 1. Nf3 c5 2. c4 g6 3. d4 Bg7 4. e4 Qb6
  • Zukertort Opening: Speelsmet Gambit: 1. Nf3 c5 2. d4 cxd4 3. e3
  • Colle System: Rhamphorhynchus Variation: 1. Nf3 c5 2. e3 g6 3. d4 Bg7 4. dxc5 Qa5+
  • Zukertort Opening: Slav Invitation: 1. Nf3 c6
  • Zukertort Opening: Pirc Invitation: 1. Nf3 d6
  • Zukertort Opening: Vos Gambit: 1. Nf3 d6 2. d4 e5
  • Zukertort Opening: Wade Defense: 1. Nf3 d6 2. e4 Bg4
  • Zukertort Opening: Ross Gambit: 1. Nf3 e5
  • Zukertort Opening: The Walrus: 1. Nf3 e5 2. Nxe5 Nc6 3. Nxc6 dxc6
  • Zukertort Opening: Queen's Gambit Invitation: 1. Nf3 e6
  • Zukertort Opening: Shabalov Gambit: 1. Nf3 e6 2. c4 a6 3. Nc3 c5 4. g3 b5
  • Zukertort Opening: Dutch Variation: 1. Nf3 f5
  • Zukertort Opening: Lisitsyn Gambit Deferred: 1. Nf3 f5 2. d3 Nf6 3. e4
  • Zukertort Opening: Lisitsyn Gambit: 1. Nf3 f5 2. e4
  • Zukertort Opening: Arctic Defense: 1. Nf3 f6
  • Zukertort Opening: Arctic Defense, Drunken Knight Variation: 1. Nf3 f6 2. e4 Nh6 3. d4 Nf7
  • Zukertort Opening: Herrstrom Gambit: 1. Nf3 g5
  • Zukertort Opening: Kingside Fianchetto: 1. Nf3 g6
  • Modern Defense: Semi-Averbakh Variation, Pterodactyl Variation Accepted: 1. Nf3 g6 2. d4 Bg7 3. e4 d6 4. c4 c5 5. dxc5 Qa5+
  • Zukertort Opening: Basman Defense: 1. Nf3 h6
  • Zukertort Defense: Sicilian Knight Variation: 1. Nf3 Na6 2. e4 c5
  • Zukertort Opening: Drunken Cavalry Variation: 1. Nf3 Na6 2. e4 Nh6
  • Zukertort Opening: Black Mustang Defense: 1. Nf3 Nc6
  • Zukertort Defense: Kingside Variation: 1. Nf3 Nh6 2. d4 g6


A05 Réti Opening: 1...Nf6

  • Zukertort Opening: 1. Nf3 Nf6
  • Zukertort Opening: Myers Polish Attack: 1. Nf3 Nf6 2. a4 g6 3. b4
  • Zukertort Opening: Nimzo-Larsen Variation: 1. Nf3 Nf6 2. b3
  • Polish Opening: Zukertort System: 1. Nf3 Nf6 2. b4
  • Zukertort Opening: Quiet System: 1. Nf3 Nf6 2. e3
  • Zukertort Opening: Lemberger Gambit: 1. Nf3 Nf6 2. e4
  • King's Indian Attack: Spassky Variation: 1. Nf3 Nf6 2. g3 b5
  • King's Indian Attack: 1. Nf3 Nf6 2. g3 d5
  • King's Indian Attack: Symmetrical Defense: 1. Nf3 Nf6 2. g3 g6
  • Zukertort Opening: Double Fianchetto Attack: 1. Nf3 Nf6 2. g3 g6 3. b3 Bg7 4. Bb2 O-O 5. Bg2 d6 6. O-O
  • King's Indian Attack: Smyslov Variation: 1. Nf3 Nf6 2. g3 g6 3. b4
  • King's Indian Attack: Wahls Defense: 1. Nf3 Nf6 2. g3 g6 3. Bg2 Bg7 4. O-O O-O 5. d3 d5
  • Zukertort Opening: 1. Nf3 Nf6 2. Nc3 Nc6

A06 Réti Opening: 1...d5

  • Zukertort Opening: Santasiere's Folly: 1. b4 d5 2. Nf3
  • Zukertort Opening: Tennison Gambit: 1. e4 d5 2. Nf3
  • Zukertort Opening: 1. Nf3 d5
  • Zukertort Opening: The Potato: 1. Nf3 d5 2. a4
  • Nimzo-Larsen Attack: Classical Variation: 1. Nf3 d5 2. b3
  • Zukertort Opening: Regina-Nu Gambit: 1. Nf3 d5 2. b3 c5 3. c4 dxc4 4. Nc3
  • Nimzo-Larsen Attack: Norfolk Gambit: 1. Nf3 d5 2. b3 c5 3. e4
  • Nimzo-Larsen Attack: Norfolk Gambit: 1. Nf3 d5 2. b3 Nf6 3. Bb2 c5 4. e4
  • Zukertort Opening: Old Indian Attack: 1. Nf3 d5 2. d3
  • Zukertort Opening: Pachman Gambit: 1. Nf3 d5 2. e3 c5 3. c4 dxc4 4. b3
  • Zukertort Opening: Reversed Mexican Defense: 1. Nf3 d5 2. Nc3
  • Zukertort Opening: Ampel Variation: 1. Nf3 d5 2. Rg1

A07 Réti Opening, King's Indian Attack (Barcza System):

  • Hungarian Opening: Wiedenhagen-Beta Gambit: 1. g3 d5 2. Nf3 g5
  • King's Indian Attack: 1. Nf3 d5 2. g3
  • King's Indian Attack: Keres Variation: 1. Nf3 d5 2. g3 Bg4
  • King's Indian Attack: Keres Variation: 1. Nf3 d5 2. g3 Bg4 3. Bg2 Nd7
  • King's Indian Attack: Sicilian Variation: 1. Nf3 d5 2. g3 c5
  • King's Indian Attack: Omega-Delta Gambit: 1. Nf3 d5 2. g3 e5
  • King's Indian Attack: Double Fianchetto: 1. Nf3 d5 2. g3 g6
  • King's Indian Attack: Pachman System: 1. Nf3 d5 2. g3 g6 3. Bg2 Bg7 4. O-O e5 5. d3 Ne7
  • King's Indian Attack: Yugoslav Variation: 1. Nf3 Nf6 2. g3 d5 3. Bg2 c6 4. O-O Bg4

A08 Réti Opening, King's Indian Attack:

  • King's Indian Attack: Sicilian Variation: 1. e4 e6 2. d3 d5 3. Nd2 Nf6 4. Ngf3 c5 5. g3 Nc6 6. Bg2 Be7 7. O-O O-O 8. Re1
  • King's Indian Attack: Sicilian Variation: 1. Nf3 d5 2. g3 c5 3. Bg2
  • King's Indian Attack: French Variation: 1. Nf3 d5 2. g3 c5 3. Bg2 Nc6
  • Zukertort Opening: Reversed Grünfeld: 1. Nf3 d5 2. g3 c5 3. Bg2 Nc6 4. d4
  • Zukertort Opening: Reversed Grünfeld: 1. Nf3 d5 2. g3 c5 3. Bg2 Nc6 4. d4 e6 5. O-O
  • Zukertort Opening: Reversed Grünfeld: 1. Nf3 d5 2. g3 c5 3. Bg2 Nc6 4. d4 Nf6
  • Zukertort Opening: Reversed Grünfeld: 1. Nf3 d5 2. g3 c5 3. Bg2 Nc6 4. d4 Nf6 5. O-O
  • King's Indian Attack: Sicilian Variation: 1. Nf3 d5 2. g3 c5 3. Bg2 Nf6 4. O-O e6 5. d3

A09 Réti Opening:

  • Réti Opening: 1. Nf3 d5 2. c4
  • Réti Opening: Zilbermints Gambit: 1. Nf3 d5 2. c4 b5
  • Réti Opening: Advance Variation: 1. Nf3 d5 2. c4 d4
  • Réti Opening: Advance Variation, Michel Gambit: 1. Nf3 d5 2. c4 d4 3. b4 c5
  • Réti Opening: Reversed Blumenfeld Gambit: 1. Nf3 d5 2. c4 d4 3. e3 c5 4. b4
  • Réti Opening: Penguin Variation: 1. Nf3 d5 2. c4 d4 3. Rg1
  • Réti Opening: Réti Gambit: 1. Nf3 d5 2. c4 dxc4
  • Réti Opening: Réti Gambit, Keres Variation: 1. Nf3 d5 2. c4 dxc4 3. e3 Be6

A10–A39

1.c4: English Opening

A10: 1.c4 (without: 1...g6 2.d4, 1...f5 2.d4, 1...b6 2.d4, 1...d6 2.e4, 1...d6 2.d4, 1...Nc6 2.d4)

A11 English, Caro–Kann defensive system, 1...c6 (without: 2.e4, 2.d4)

A12 English, Caro–Kann defensive system: 2.Nf3 d5 3.b3

A13 English Opening: 1...e6 (without 2.e4 or 2.d4)

A14 English, Neo-Catalan Declined: 2.Nf3 d5 3.g3 Nf6 4.Bg2 Be7

A15 English, Anglo-Indian Defence: 1...Nf6 (without: 2.d4, 2.g3 c6, 2.g3 e5, 2.Nf3 c5, 2.Nf3 e6, 2.Nf3 c6)


A16 English Opening, Anglo-Indian Defence: 2.Nc3 (without: 2...c5, 2...e5, 2...e6)


A17 English Opening, Hedgehog Defence: 2...e6 (without: 3.d4, 3.Nf3 c5, 3...d5 4.d4, 3...b5 4.d4, 3...Bb4 4.d4)

A18 English, Mikenas–Carls Variation: 3.e4 (without: 3...c5)

A19 English, Mikenas–Carls, Sicilian Variation: 3...c5

A20 English Opening: 1...e5 (without: 2.e4, 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Nc3, 2.Nf3 Nf6 3.Nc3, 2.Nf3 d6 3.Nc3)

A21 English Opening: 2.Nc3 (without: 2...Nf6, 2...Nc6, 2...Bb4 3.g3 Nf6, 2...Bb4 3.Nf3 Nc6 2...Bb4 3.e3 Nf6)

A22 English Opening: 2...Nf6 (without: 3.Nf3 Nc6, 3.e3 Nc6, 3.g3 Nc6, 3.g3 c6, 3.g3 g6, 3.e4 Nc6 4.Nf3)

A23 English Opening, Bremen System, Keres Variation: 3.g3 c6

A24 English Opening, Bremen System with 1...e5 2.Nc3 Nf6 3.g3 g6 (without: 4.Bg2 Bg7 5.d3 d6): 3.g3 g6

A25 English Opening, Sicilian Reversed: 2...Nc6 (without 3.e3 Nf6 4.Nf3)


A26 English Opening, Closed System: 3.g3 g6 4.Bg2 Bg7 5.d3 d6


A27 English Opening, Three Knights System: 3.Nf3 (without: 3...Nf6)


A28 English Opening, Four Knights System: 3...Nf6 (without 4.g3)


A29 English Opening, Four Knights, Kingside Fianchetto: 4.g3


A30 English Opening, Symmetrical Defence: 1...c5 (without: 2.e4, 2.g3 g6 3.Nc3, 2.g3 Nc6 3.Nc3, 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Nc3, 2.e3 Nf6 4.d4)


A31 English Opening, Symmetrical, Benoni formation: 2.Nf3 Nf6 3.d4 (without: 3...cxd4 4.Nxd4 e6, 3...cxd4 4.Nxd4 a6 5.Nc3 e6, 3...cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nc6 5.Nc3 e6)


A32 English Opening, Symmetrical: 3...cxd4 4.Nxd4 e6


A33 English Opening, Symmetrical: 5.Nc3 Nc6


A34 English Opening, Symmetrical: 2.Nc3 (without 2...Nc6, 2...Nf6 3.Nf3 Nc6, 2...Nf6 3.e4 e6, 2...e6 3.Nf3 Nf6, 4.g3 Nc6)


A35 English Opening, Symmetrical: 2...Nc6 (without 3.g3, 3.e4, 3.Nf3 Nf6, 4.g3 e6, 3.Nf3 Nf6 4.d4 cxd4 5.Nxd4, 3.Nf3 e5 4.g3 g6 5.Bg2 Bg7)


A36 English Opening, Symmetrical: 3.g3


A37 English Opening, Symmetrical: 3...g6 4.Bg2 Bg7 5.Nf3


A38 English Opening, Symmetrical: 5...Nf6


A39 English, symmetrical, main line with d4: 6.0-0 0-0 7.d4 or 6.d4 cxd4 7.Nxd4 0-0 8.0-0


A40–A44

1.d4 without 1...d5, 1...Nf6 or 1...f5: Atypical replies to 1.d4 A40 Queen's Pawn Game


A41 Queen's Pawn Game: 1...d6


A42 Modern Defence, Averbakh System, also Wade Defence: 2.c4 g6 3.Nc3 Bg7 4.e4


A43 Old Benoni Defence: 1...c5


A44 Old Benoni Defence: 2.d5 e5


A45–A49

1.d4 Nf6 without 2.c4: Atypical replies to 1...Nf6 A45 Queen's Pawn Game, Trompowsky Attack: 1.d4 Nf6 (without 2.Nf3)


A46 Queen's Pawn Game, Torre Attack: 2.Nf3


A47 Queen's Indian Defence: 2...b6


A48 King's Indian, East Indian Defence: 2...g6


A49 King's Indian, Fianchetto without c4: 3.g3


A50–A55

1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 without 2...e6 or 2...g6: Atypical Indian systems A50 Queen's Pawn Game: 1. d4 Nf6 2.c4 (without 2...d6 2...e5, 2...e6, 2...g6 or 2...c5)


A51 Budapest Gambit Declined: 2...e5


A52 Budapest Gambit: 3.dxe5 Ng4


A53 Old Indian Defence: 2...d6


A54 Old Indian, Ukrainian Variation: 3.Nc3 e5


A55 Old Indian, Main line: 4.Nf3 Nbd7 5.e4


A56–A79

Benoni Defence (and Benko Gambit): 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5

A56 Benoni Defence: 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5


A57 Benko Gambit: 3.d5 b5


A58 Benko Gambit Accepted: 4.cxb5 a6 5.bxa6


A59 Benko Gambit, 7.e4: 5...Bxa6 6.Nc3 d6 7.e4


A60 Benoni Defence: 3.d5 e6


A61 Benoni Defence: 4.Nc3 exd5 5.cxd5 d6 6.Nf3 g6


A62 Benoni, Fianchetto Variation without 9...Nbd7: 7.g3 Bg7 8.Bg2 0-0


A63 Benoni, Fianchetto Variation, 9...Nbd7: 9.Nbd7


A64 Benoni, Fianchetto Variation, 11...Re8: 9...Nbd7: 10.Nd2 a6 11.a4 Re8


A65 Benoni, 6.e4: 4.Nc3 exd5 5.cxd5 d6 6.e4


A66 Benoni, Pawn Storm Variation: 6...g6 7.f4


A67 Benoni, Taimanov Variation: 7...Bg7 8.Bb5+


A68 Benoni, Four Pawns Attack: 7...Bg7 8.Nf3 0-0


A69 Benoni, Four Pawns Attack, Main line: 9.Be2 Re8


A70 Benoni, Classical with e4 and Nf3: 6...g6 7.Nf3


A71 Benoni, Classical, 8.Bg5: 7... Bg7 8.Bg5


A72 Benoni, Classical without 9.0-0: 7...Bg7 8.Be2 0-0


A73 Benoni, Classical, 9.0-0: 9.0-0


A74 Benoni, Classical, 9...a6, 10.a4: 9...a6 10.a4


A75 Benoni, Classical with 9...a6 and 10...Bg4: 9...a6 10.a4 Bg4


A76 Benoni, Classical, 9...Re8: 9...Re8


A77 Benoni, Classical, 9...Re8, 10.Nd2: 10.Nd2


A78 Benoni, Classical with 9...Re8 and 10...Na6: 10...Na6


A79 Benoni, Classical, 11.f3: 11.f3


A80–A99

Dutch Defence: 1.d4 f5 A80 Dutch Defence: 1.d4 f5


A81 Dutch Defence: 2.g3


A82 Dutch, Staunton Gambit 2.e4


A83 Dutch, Staunton Gambit, Staunton's line 2.e4 fxe4 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.Bg5


A84 Dutch Defence 2.c4: 2.c4


A85 Dutch with 2.c4 Nf6 3.Nc3: 2... Nf6 3.Nc3


A86 Dutch with 2.c4 Nf6 3.g3: 2... Nf6 3.g3


A87 Dutch, Leningrad, Main Variation: 3...g6 4.Bg2 Bg7 5.Nf3


A88 Dutch, Leningrad, Main Variation with 5...0-0 6.0-0 d6 7.Nc3 c6: 5...0-0 6.0-0 d6 7.Nc3 c6


A89 Dutch, Leningrad, Main Variation with 5...0-0 6.0-0 d6 7.Nc3 Nc6: 5...0-0 6.0-0 d6 7.Nc3 Nc6


A90 Dutch Defence 2.c4 Nf6 3.g3 e6 4.Bg2: 3...e6 4.Bg2


A91 Dutch Defence 2.c4 Nf6 3.g3 e6 4.Bg2 Be7: 4...Be7


A92 Dutch Defence 2.c4 Nf6 3.g3 e6 4.Bg2 Be7 5.Nf3 0-0: 5.Nf3 0-0


A93 Dutch, Stonewall, Botvinnik Variation 2.c4 Nf6 3.g3 e6 4.Bg2 Be7 5.Nf3 0-0 6.0-0 d5 7. b3: 6.0-0 d5 7. b3

A94 Dutch, Stonewall with 6.0-0 d5.7.b3 c6 8.Ba3: 7... c6 8.Ba3


A95 Dutch, Stonewall with 6.0-0 d5.7.Nc3 c6: 6.0-0 d5 7.Nc3 c6


A96 Dutch, Classical Variation 2.c4 Nf6 3.g3 e6 4.Bg2 Be7 5.Nf3 0-0 6.0-0 d6: 6.0-0 d6


A97 Dutch, Ilyin–Genevsky Variation 7.Nc3 Qe8: 7.Nc3 Qe8


A98 Dutch, Ilyin–Genevsky Variation with 7.Nc3 Qe8 8.Qc2: 8.Qc2


A99 Dutch, Ilyin–Genevsky Variation with 7.Nc3 Qe8 8.b3: 8.b3

B – Semi-Open Games other than the French Defence

B00–B19

1.e4 without 1...c5, 1...e6 or 1...e5 B00 King's Pawn Opening without 1...e5, 1...e6, 1...d5, 1...Nf6, 1...g6, 1...d6, 1...c6, 1...c5.


B01 Scandinavian Defence (Center Counter Defence): 1...d5 (without 2.Nf3 (Tennison Gambit, A06))


B02 Alekhine's Defence: 1.e4 Nf6


B03: 1.e4 Nf6 2.e5 Nd5 3.d4 (including the Exchange Variation and Four Pawns Attack)


B04: 1.e4 Nf6 2.e5 Nd5 3.d4 d6 4.Nf3 (Modern Variation without 4...Bg4)


B05: 1.e4 Nf6 2.e5 Nd5 3.d4 d6 4.Nf3 Bg4 (Modern Variation with 4...Bg4)


B06 Robatsch (Modern) Defence, including Monkey's Bum

B07 Pirc Defence

B08 Pirc, Classical (Two Knights) System

B09 Pirc, Austrian Attack


B10 Caro–Kann Defence


B11 Caro–Kann, Two knights, 3...Bg4


B12 Caro–Kann Defence


B13 Caro–Kann, Exchange Variation


B14 Caro–Kann, Panov–Botvinnik Attack, 5...e6


B15 Caro–Kann Defence


B16 Caro–Kann, Bronstein–Larsen Variation


B17 Caro–Kann, Steinitz Variation, Smyslov Systems


B18 Caro–Kann, Classical Variation


B19 Caro–Kann, Classical, 7...Nd7


B20–B99

1.e4 c5: Sicilian Defence
















































































C – Open Games and the French Defence

C00–C19

1.e4 e6: French Defence





















C20–C99

1.e4 e5: Open Game













































































D – Closed Games and Semi-Closed Games

D00–D69

1.d4 d5: Closed Game







































































D70–D99

1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 with 3...d5: Grünfeld Defence



























E – Indian Defences

E00–E59

1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e6: Indian systems with ...e6





























































E60–E99

1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 without 3...d5: Indian systems with ...g6 (except Grünfeld)





































Statistics

Moves1800–19001901–19351935–1998
1. e4 e563%31%15%
1. e4 other23%20%35%
1. d4 d510%28%15%
1. d4 other3%16%23%
1. other5%12%

These statistics show a movement away from symmetrical defences to asymmetrical defences. In particular, in reply to 1.e4, the Sicilian and French defences, and to 1.d4 the Indian defences. Also, particularly amongst strong players, an increased use of the English Opening for White. [1]

See also

Related Research Articles

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The Sicilian Defence is a chess opening that begins with the following moves:

The Pirc Defence is a chess opening characterised by the response of Black to 1.e4 with 1...d6 and 2...Nf6, followed by ...g6 and ...Bg7, while allowing White to establish a centre with pawns on d4 and e4. It is named after the Slovenian grandmaster Vasja Pirc.

The Modern Defense is a hypermodern chess opening in which Black allows White to occupy the center with pawns on d4 and e4, then proceeds to attack and undermine this "ideal" center without attempting to occupy it.

The English Opening is a chess opening that begins with the move:

The Caro–Kann Defence is a chess opening characterised by the moves:

The Benoni Defense, or simply the Benoni, is a chess opening characterized by an early reply of ...c5 against White's opening move 1.d4.

The Dunst Opening is a chess opening in which White opens with the move:

In the game of chess, Indian Defence or Indian Game is a broad term for a group of openings characterised by the moves:

The Taimanov Variation can refer to variations of four different chess openings, all named after Mark Taimanov:

In chess, the Maróczy Bind is a term alternately used to refer to an opening or its associated pawn structure, named for the Hungarian grandmaster Géza Maróczy. When the Bind is discussed as an opening, it is defined as 1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 g6 5.c4. The Maróczy Bind opening is a continuation of the Sicilian Defence, Accelerated Dragon, where 5.c4 is the characteristic move.

A Semi-Closed Game is a chess opening in which White plays 1.d4 but Black does not make the symmetrical reply 1...d5.

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The World Chess Championship 1886 was the first official World Chess Championship match contested by Wilhelm Steinitz and Johannes Zukertort. The match took place in the United States from 11 January to 29 March, the first five games being played in New York City, the next four being played in St. Louis and the final eleven in New Orleans. The winner was the first player to achieve ten wins. Wilhelm Steinitz won the match 10–5, winning his tenth game in the twentieth game of the match. There were five draws.

A Steinitz Variation is any of several chess openings introduced and practiced, or adopted and advocated by Wilhelm Steinitz, the first officially recognized World Chess Champion.

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The 1978 World Chess Championship was played between Anatoly Karpov and Viktor Korchnoi in Baguio, Philippines, from July 18 to October 18, 1978. Karpov won, thereby retaining the title.

The Nadanian Variation of the Grünfeld Defence is a chess opening characterised by the moves:

References

  1. Watson, John (1998), Secrets of modern chess strategy (Part 2: New ideas and the modern revolution), London: Gambit, p. 93