Frenchman's Tower

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Frenchman's Tower
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Frenchman's Tower on Old Page Mill Road
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Frenchman's Tower in Palo Alto California
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Frenchman's Tower (California)
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Frenchman's Tower (the United States)
General information
StatusCompleted
TypeWater tower
Architectural style Gothic Revival
Location San Francisco peninsula
Address2065 Old Page Mill Road, Palo Alto, California
Town or city Palo Alto
Country United States
Coordinates 37°23′46″N122°09′43″W / 37.396132°N 122.161895°W / 37.396132; -122.161895
Elevation200 ft (61 m)
Completed1875
Owner Stanford University
Height32 ft (9.8 m)
Dimensions
Diameter15 ft (4.6 m)
Technical details
Structural systemBrick Masonry
Floor count2
Design and construction
Architect(s)Paulin Caperon (aka Peter Coutts)
Designations California Point of Historical Interest

Frenchman's Tower is a two-story red brick structure located in Santa Clara County, California, that resembles a medieval fortification. Built in 1875, the structure was listed as a California Point of Historical Interest in 1969. [1] [2] [3]

Contents

The structure was built under the direction of land owner Paulin Caperon, a native of France who had assumed the name Peter Coutts when he moved to Mayfield, California in 1875. Coutts returned to France in 1882 without letting his California neighbors know what happened to him and ordered a bank to liquidate his Mayfield property.

Since then trespassers have carved names or initials into almost every brick of the tower within their reach. [4] Some dates go back over 100 years. [5] In 1970, the landowner bricked in the windows to protect the structure from vandals. [5] Frenchman's Tower stands on Old Page Mill Road, midway between Foothill Expressway and Interstate 280, in Santa Clara County, California, within a strip of land within the borders of Palo Alto on land now owned by Stanford University. [6]

Architecture

Gothic windows and simulated Battlements on Frenchman's Tower CrenelsIMG 0480.JPG
Gothic windows and simulated Battlements on Frenchman's Tower
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Frenchman's Tower built in 1875
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Chindia Tower built between the 15th and 19th century

Frenchman's Tower was built in 1875 and has miniature crenels along the top and Gothic windows, giving it a style similar to Medieval fortifications built hundreds of years earlier, not unlike Chindia Tower built between the 15th and 19th century. [ citation needed ] In the Middle Ages, crenels were used to shield archers defending the structure.

The second floor held a water tank, while the first floor was used as a library[ citation needed ]. The original owner, Paulin Caperon, spent many hours in his library reading and studying. The building never had any doors, requiring entry through a window[ why? ]

The tower, situated near Matadero Creek, was originally connected to one of six tunnels used to provide subterranean water to his farm and to his lake. Workers had to remove tons of earth before reaching a sufficient underground water source. [6] Bricks for the tower were made by Albert Bowman and Company from a clay deposit discovered in Mountain View in the same year that the tower was constructed. [7]

Public interest and notability

PlaqueIMG 0482.JPG
Plaque next to Frenchman's Tower
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Frenchman's Tower 1910-1930 photo in San Jose Public Library

Over the years, many different ideas and stories regarding Paulin Caperon's tower and tunnels have been told. Caperon, who also went by the alias Peter Coutts, is said to have "enjoyed mystifying his neighbors" and often helped perpetuate these stories by neither denying nor confirming the fanciful tales. These include the construction of tunnels and a fortified tower to "withstand a siege by his enemies" and harboring the French Empress, neither of which were true. [3]

Recognition

Popular news media of today sometimes casts the tower as an unsolved mystery.

Historical articles

Public curiosity

Inside Frenchman's Tower Inside Frenchman's Tower in Palo Alto.jpg
Inside Frenchman's Tower

Some articles show the writer's curiosity about the tower.

Official concerns

Damage caused by names being carved into bricks on Frenchman's Tower CarvingsIMG 0478.JPG
Damage caused by names being carved into bricks on Frenchman's Tower

Paulin Caperon

Jean-Baptiste Paulin Caperon was born of wealthy parents near Bordeaux France in 1822 and died in Bordeaux, France, in September 1889 at the age of sixty-seven. [3]

Paulin Caperon was the son of one of Napoleon's officers. He lost both parents when he was only 26 years old. He "openly criticized Napoleon III policies and opposed the Franco-Prussian War. [11] " He founded a private bank, which he sold in 1873. Because of problems in France, he left France for Brussels, Belgium, and then went to New Orleans using identity papers of his deceased cousin Peter Coutts. He traveled to San Francisco and then to the township of Mayfield. [3] Paulin Caperon continued using the name Peter Coutts when he arrived in Mayfield (present day Palo Alto).

In 1875 he bought 1,400 acres (4.7 km2) of Rancho Rincon de San Francisquito from Jeremiah Clarke for $90,000. [13] Caperon had a heart ailment, and his wife was an invalid. He felt concerned that he and his wife might both die, and his children might have difficulty [11] inheriting his estate, so he took title to the land in the name of his children's governess Eugene Cloyensen.

Bridge built on Caperon's land. The area is now a park and Stanford faculty housing. Paulin Caperon Bridge.JPG
Bridge built on Caperon's land. The area is now a park and Stanford faculty housing.

Caperon developed the land into a thriving stock farm and eventually directed the construction of a tower to distribute water. He seemed friendly but would not discuss his past. [6] When local residents discovered that Peter Coutts (Paulin Caperon) had actually purchased the land in the name of his children's governess, the townspeople grew suspicious,[ citation needed ] made speculations, and spread rumors about the intended purpose of the tower. [6] In 1882, only eight years after his arrival, Paulin Caperon suddenly returned to his native France and sold the land [14] for the sum of $140,000 to Leland Stanford, who founded Stanford University in 1891. [15]

Paulin Caperon eventually reacquired legal title to valuable property he had owned in France. "Using his true identity, Caperon and his family returned to Paris in May 1883, [11] " and he spent the rest of his life in France. [3]

See also

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References

  1. 1 2 OHP Listed Resources, Sacramento California: Office of Historic Preservation, California State Parks, November 3, 1969, retrieved 2011-08-26
  2. 1 2 Supplement to the Stanford University Community Plan (PDF), Planning Department, Santa Clara County, pp. 4.5–12, retrieved 2011-08-16
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 DeFord, Mairiam Allen (June 1954). "Palo Alto's "Mysterious Frenchman"". California Historical Society Quarterly. 33 (2): 169–174. doi:10.2307/25156487. JSTOR   25156487.
  4. 1 2 Baeck, William (September 3, 2010), "The mystery of Frenchman's Tower", San Jose Examiner, San Jose, dead link: //www.examiner.com/tourism-in-san-jose/the-mystery-of-frenchman-s-tower{{citation}}: External link in |quote= (help)
  5. 1 2 Laney, Jocelyn (2006), Weird California, Sterling Publishing Company, p. 36, ISBN   1-4027-3384-4 , retrieved 2011-08-28
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 Cady, Theron G. (1948), The Legend of Frenchmen's Tower, Peninsula Life Magazine: C-T Publishers, San Carlos, California, retrieved 2011-08-15
  7. California Bricks, Fremont, CA 94539: Mines Road Books{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location (link)
  8. Santa Clara County Resources (PDF), Planning Department, Santa Clara County, p. 2, retrieved 2011-08-23
  9. Boucher, Jack E. (1975), Historic American Buildings Survey/Historic American Engineering Record, habshaer, retrieved 2011-08-07
  10. Bastida, Ken (March 30, 2011), "What's The Story Behind That Tower On Page Mill Road?", CBS news, event occurs at 11:47 PM (PST), retrieved 2011-08-07
  11. 1 2 3 4 Regnery, Dorothy (1981), Coutts was no eccentric, history study shows (PDF), Stanford Historical Society Newsletter: Stanford Historical Society, p. 3, archived from the original on 2011-07-27, retrieved April 13, 2021
  12. Chan, Eric (May 4, 2006), The Frenchman's Tower 05.04.2006
  13. Margaret Feuer (October 25, 2013). "The Frenchman's Tower — circa 1880". Palo Alto Stanford Heritage. Retrieved October 8, 2017.
  14. Joncas, Richard (2006), The Campus Guide, Stanford University, Princeton Architectural Press, ISBN   1-56898-538-X
  15. "History of Stanford" . Retrieved 2011-08-07.

Further reading