Fresh Expressions is an international, cross-denominational, creative movement of Christians working alongside existing congregations to cultivate new forms of church for those who have never been involved in church or who have left the church. Fresh Expressions does not promote a traditional or typical form of church on Sunday mornings. Rather Fresh Expressions is to connect with people, especially those who would never enter a church building, to form new faith communities in places where people are already gathering in contemporary culture. "Fresh Expressions are places where the people of God communicate the love of God in new and compelling ways." [1]
"[A] Fresh Expression is a form of church for our changing culture established primarily for the benefit of people who are not yet members of any church" – FX Denominational Partners, 2006 [2]
The Fresh Expressions movement officially started in the United Kingdom in 2004 after a report from the Church of England shared ways in which churches and Christian faith communities had been creatively and intentionally responding to a rapidly post-Christian society since the 1990s. The 2004 Mission Shaped Church Report, [3] a report of the General Synod of the Church of England and instigated by Archbishop Rowan Williams, revealed that, despite the statistical decline in church attendance and the rapidly changing culture in the UK, "fresh expressions" of church were emerging and thriving across the area. The report also shared encouragement and recommendations for the future practice of the pioneering and creative movement of doing 'church' differently.
From this, the Fresh Expressions initiative was born, beginning as a partnership between the Church of England and the Methodist Church with the leadership of Bishop Steven Croft and Reverend Peter Pillinger. The partnership has since expanded to include a number of other church traditions and organizations in the UK and beyond, including the Church of Scotland, the United Reformed Church, the United Methodist Church, and the Baptist Union. [2] Today, Fresh Expressions works with denominations, regional church bodies, individual congregations, and ministry leaders to provide vision and actionable training. The movement has spawned thousands of new faith communities and has taken root in Australia, Austria, Canada, Germany, Netherlands, Norway, South Africa, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United States of America. [4]
"Nothing else, as a whole in the Church of England has this level of missional impact and the adding of further ecclesial communities, thereby feeling ecclesial re-imagination." - George Lings, 'Day of Small Things'
While Fresh Expressions can take several different forms, several key features unite fresh expressions, providing clarity around what makes something a Fresh Expression. Fresh expressions are missional, contextual, ecclesial, and formational. [5]
Each fresh expression is aimed to reach those who don't go to church. Fresh expressions are not meant to be Bible studies for church people in unique places. Fresh expressions are to be uniquely and intentionally designed to create new forms of church in society with those who do not attend church.
Each fresh expression is grounded in the language and culture of the particular community it is trying to reach and its context. Based on its context, the fresh expression seeks to find culturally appropriate and effect ways of reaching people to share about Jesus. The mutual interests of those the fresh expression is connecting with creates the bond for these groups. Fresh expressions can be rural, suburban, or urban. They can be in public spaces, housing projects, or college dormitories. Some are aimed at specific groups, like bikers, artists, or those suffering homelessness.
Each fresh expression intends to become church for the people it reaches in its context. Fresh expressions are not to operate as ministries of a specific church - they are to operate as a church, as an expression of church. While fresh expressions do not seek to get people inside typical and traditional churches, fresh expressions still seek to make disciples.
Fresh expressions seek to form disciples of Christ. Like traditional expressions of church, fresh expressions seeks to develop disciples. How discipleship is lived out will vary based on the context and community of each fresh expression.
Canon Dr. John Dunnill of St George's Cathedral, Perth says that a Fresh Expressions project can sometimes be more about form than substance. [6] Alison Milbank has argued that aiming to be independent congregations in this way undermines existing authority structures within the parish system. [7] Andrew Davison and Milbank further criticised Fresh Expressions from a broadly Anglo-Catholic perspective for separating themselves from geographical parishes, holding to a weak ecclesiology, abandoning liturgical services, and promoting 'choice-led individualism' [8] over Anglican traditions. [9]
There is some debate as to how to measure success for a fresh expression. The three (or four) selfs offer a useful lens by which to measure governance, finance, and reproducibility, but say little about the underlying health of the mission or discipleship of the church. Michael Moynagh recommends the four 'f's of fruit (is the community deepening in their faith?), flow (are members who move on being helped into another form of Christian community?), family (is the church connected to denominational or group networks?), and freedom (does the church have appropriate levels of independence in decision making?). [10] Andrew Dunlop prefers a more theological approach to success, taking account of the action of God in the life of the church community and in the lives of individuals. [11]
The Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) is a mainline Protestant Christian denomination in the United States and Canada. The denomination started with the Restoration Movement during the Second Great Awakening, first existing during the 19th century as a loose association of churches working towards Christian unity, then slowly forming quasi-denominational structures through missionary societies, regional associations, and an international convention. In 1968, the Disciples of Christ officially adopted a denominational structure at which time a group of churches left to remain nondenominational.
In religious organizations, the laity consists of all members who are not part of the clergy, usually including any non-ordained members of religious orders, e.g. a nun or a lay brother. In both religious and wider secular usage, a layperson is a person who is not qualified in a given profession or does not have specific knowledge of a certain subject. The phrase "layman's terms" is used to refer to plain language that is understandable to the everyday person, as opposed to specialised terminology understood only by a professional.
The Evangelical Covenant Church (ECC) is a Radical Pietistic denomination of evangelical Christianity. The denomination has 129,015 members in 878 congregations and an average worship attendance of 219,000 people in the United States and Canada with ministries on five continents.
The emerging church, sometimes wrongly equated with the "emergent movement" or "emergent conversation", is a Christian movement of the late 20th and early 21st century. Emerging churches can be found around the globe, predominantly in North America, Western Europe, Australia, New Zealand, and Africa. Members come from a number of Christian traditions. Some attend local independent churches or house churches while others worship in traditional Christian denominations. The emerging church favors the use of simple story and narrative. Members of the movement often place a high value on good works or social activism, including missional living. Proponents of the movement believe it transcends labels such as "conservative" and "liberal"; it is sometimes called a "conversation" to emphasize its developing and decentralized nature, its range of standpoints, and commitment to dialogue. Participants seek to live their faith in what they believe to be a "postmodern" society. Disillusionment with the organized and institutional church has led participants to support the deconstruction of modern Christian worship and evangelism, and the nature of modern Christian community.
The group of churches known as the Christian Churches and Churches of Christ is a fellowship of congregations within the Restoration Movement that have no formal denominational affiliation with other congregations, but still share many characteristics of belief and worship. Churches in this tradition are strongly congregationalist and have no formal denominational ties, and thus there is no proper name that is agreed upon and applied to the movement as a whole. Most congregations in this tradition include the words "Christian Church" or "Church of Christ" in their congregational name. Due to the lack of formal organization between congregations, there is a lack of official statistical data, but the 2016 Directory of the Ministry documents some 5000 congregations in the US and Canada; some estimate the number to be over 6,000 since this directory is unofficial. By 1988, the movement had 1,071,616 members in the United States.
Lay ecclesial ministry is the term adopted by the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops to identify the relatively new category of pastoral ministers in the Catholic Church who serve the Church but are not ordained. Lay ecclesial ministers are coworkers with the bishop alongside priests and deacons. In other contexts, these may be known as "lay pastoral workers", "pastoral assistants", etc.
The Christian Life Movement is a lay ecclesial movement, founded in 1985, in Peru. At that time, a number of initiatives from members of the Sodalitium Christianae Vitae had already begun. Luis Fernando Figari, the Founder of the Sodalitium, conceived the idea of gathering those people and initiatives together in an ecclesiastic movement. The Christian Life Movement forms part of the Sodalit Family, which shares a common spirituality, called the Sodalit spirituality.
An ecclesial base community is a relatively autonomous Christian religious group that operates according to a particular model of community, worship, and Bible study. The 1968 Medellín, Colombia, meeting of Latin American Council of Bishops played a major role in popularizing them under the name basic ecclesial communities. These are small groups, originating in the Catholic Church in Latin America, who meet to reflect upon scripture and apply its lessons to their situation.
The Evangelical Christian Church(Christian Disciples) as an evangelical Protestant Canadian church body. The Evangelical Christian Church's national office in Canada is in Waterloo, Ontario.
Bryan P. Stone is an American theologian who is the Associate Dean of Academic Affairs and the E. Stanley Jones Professor of Evangelism at Boston University School of Theology, and a Co-director of the Center for Practical Theology. Stone writes on topics related to both systematic theology and practical theology. He is associated with both postliberalism and Christian pacifism, having been influenced by thinkers such as John Howard Yoder, Stanley Hauerwas, Alasdair MacIntyre, and John Wesley, and in his earliest work with liberation theology and process theology.
Student Christian Movement of Great Britain is a British religious charity led by students, past and present. The movement is an ecumenical and inclusive community that recognises unity in diversity and explores faith through worship, discussion and action. SCM's vision is that "every student can find a vibrant, open and inclusive Christian community, where they can explore faith and be inspired to put faith into action."
West Bromwich Network Church is a new Christian church that was planted in January 2007 by Rev. Evan Cockshaw, working on behalf of the Church of England's Lichfield Diocese, in partnership with West Bromwich & District YMCA and the Walter Stanley Trust. The role of West Bromwich Network Church (WBNC) is to create new forms of church for the 20-30s generation across the deanery of West Bromwich. It has no pre-defined criteria, other than to reach out to a generation unconnected to Christian faith.
Alan Gregory Clayton Smith is a British Anglican bishop. Since 2009, he has been the Bishop of St Albans. From 2001 to 2009, he served as the area Bishop of Shrewsbury.
Steven John Lindsey Croft is a British bishop in the Church of England and a theologian specialising in mission. He has been Bishop of Oxford since the confirmation of his election on 6 July 2016. He was the Bishop of Sheffield from 2008 to 2016; previously he was Archbishops' Missioner and Team Leader of Fresh Expressions, a joint Church of England and Methodist initiative. He falls within the open evangelical tradition of Anglicanism.
A Missional community is a group of people, about the size of an extended family, who are united through Christian community around a common service and witness to a particular neighborhood or network of relationships. The Missional Community doesn't exist for anything less than making disciples of Jesus among these networks or neighborhoods. The participants of missional communities find their primary identity of “church” within the missional community, rather than a larger worship service or small group. In essence, this group of people becomes a close-knit spiritual family on mission together.
Alison Grant Milbank is a British Anglican priest and literary scholar specialising in religion and culture. She is Canon Theologian at Southwell Minster and Professor of Theology and Literature at the University of Nottingham in its Department of Theology and Religious Studies.
Catholic laity are the ordinary members of the Catholic Church who are neither clergy nor recipients of Holy Orders or vowed to life in a religious order or congregation. Their mission, according to the Second Vatican Council, is to "sanctify the world".
Ian Mobsby is a writer, speaker and missioner. He is the elected Guardian of the Society of the Holy Trinity, Assistant Dean for Fresh Expressions and Pioneer Ministry in the Diocese of Southwark and the Rector of Christchurch Blackfriars in London and the Canon for Mission Theology for the Diocese of Niagara Mobsby is the former Priest in Charge of the Guild Church of St Mary Aldermary in the City of London and the former missioner to the Moot Community. Mobsby has a background in the Emerging Church and in particular New Monasticism and as an associate missioner of the Fresh expression Initiative. He is completing PhD ethnographic and theological research exploring the spiritual but not religious as a social grouping through the Archbishop's Examination in Theology.
Michael Moynagh is a Church of England minister, missiologist and writer.
Andrew Paul Davison is a Christian theologian, Starbridge Professor of Theology and Natural Sciences in the Faculty of Divinity, University of Cambridge, UK, and a Fellow of Corpus Christi College, where is he has also been Dean of Chapel since 2003. On 13 June 2024, Davison was appointed as Canon and Regius Professor of Divinity at Christ Church, Oxford.