Gerald Brooke

Last updated

Gerald Brooke (born 1938 in Sheffield, England [1] ) was a British teacher who taught Russian in the early 1960s at Holborn College for Law, Languages and Commerce in Red Lion Square, Holborn, central London. [2]

In 1965, during the Easter break, he travelled to the Soviet Union. Brooke and his wife Barbara were arrested on 25 April by KGB agents for smuggling anti-Soviet leaflets. [3]

Barbara was later released and returned to Britain, but Gerald was sentenced to five years' detention, including four years in labour camps, for "subversive anti-Soviet activity on the territory of the Soviet Union". Brooke lived in Finchley in northwest London, and his case was raised in the House of Commons by local MP Margaret Thatcher.

After four years in custody he was exchanged, on 24 July 1969, for Soviet spies Morris and Lona Cohen, whose "worknames" (code names) while in the UK were Peter and Helen Kroger, who had been arrested by Special Branch detectives. The Russian authorities only told Brooke he was being sent home 24 hours before he was released back to Britain. Upon his arrival at Heathrow Brooke was surprised by the huge presence of journalists and reporters.

The exchange was recorded in Hansard on 24 July 1969 Lords sitting, by Lord Chalfont. The exchange conditions agreed by the Soviet authorities that the day after the Krogers departure from the UK, Mr Michael Parsons and Mr Anthony Lorraine imprisoned for four and three years respectively for alleged drug offences would also be released. Parsons and Lorraine arrived back in UK on 25 October 1969. [4] [5] [6] [ full citation needed ]

Brooke explained that he was suffering from an inflamed colon, aggravated by prison food, and he was not used to speaking English or seeing so many people. Prevented from saying too much about his ordeal, he simply stated that prison conditions "were not particularly soft". The Cohens (Krogers) returned on 24 October 1969 [7] to the Soviet Union after serving nine years of their 20-year sentence.[ citation needed ]

Such exchanges had happened before. Notable examples included Soviet spy Rudolf Abel for U2 pilot Francis Gary Powers, and Konon Molody (aka Gordon Lonsdale) for Greville Wynne, but British Prime Minister Harold Wilson's Labour government was criticised by the opposition for agreeing to release Peter and Helen Kroger in exchange for Brooke. Opponents claimed it set a dangerous precedent, and was an example of blackmail rather than a fair exchange. [8] [ full citation needed ]

Brooke later claimed he had passed on concealed documents, including codes, on behalf of the National Alliance of Russian Solidarists.[ citation needed ]

In later years, Gerald Brooke taught Russian language, inter alia , at the Languages Faculty of the University of Westminster (the same institution as had been called Holborn College, and which was also called, during the 1970s and 1980s, the Polytechnic of Central London). The Languages Faculty was based in Euston Road, London.[ citation needed ]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bernard Bresslaw</span> British actor and comedian (1934–1993)

Bernard Bresslaw was a British actor and comedian. He was best known as a member of the Carry On film franchise. Bresslaw also worked on television and stage, performed recordings and wrote a series of poetry.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Theodore Hall</span> American physicist and spy (1925–1999)

Theodore Alvin Hall was an American physicist and an atomic spy for the Soviet Union, who, during his work on United States efforts to develop the first and second atomic bombs during World War II, gave a detailed description of the "Fat Man" plutonium bomb, and of several processes for purifying plutonium, to Soviet intelligence.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tom King, Baron King of Bridgwater</span> British Conservative politician and life peer

Thomas Jeremy King, Baron King of Bridgwater, is a British politician. A member of the Conservative Party, he served in the Cabinet from 1983 to 1992, and was the Member of Parliament (MP) for the constituency of Bridgwater in Somerset from 1970 to 2001. He was made a life peer in 2001.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rudolf Abel</span> Soviet intelligence officer (1903–1971)

Rudolf Ivanovich Abel, real name William August Fisher, was a Soviet intelligence officer. He adopted his alias when arrested on charges of conspiracy by the FBI in 1957.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Morris Cohen (spy)</span> American-born Soviet spy

Morris Cohen, also known by his alias Peter Kroger, was an American convicted of espionage for the Soviet Union. His wife Lona was also an agent. They became spies because of their communist beliefs.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lona Cohen</span> American-born Soviet spy (1913–1992)

Lona Cohen, born Leontine Theresa Petka, also known as Helen Kroger, was an American who spied for the Soviet Union. She is known for her role in smuggling atomic bomb diagrams out of Los Alamos. She was a communist activist before marrying Morris Cohen. The couple became spies because of their communist beliefs.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Perseus (spy)</span> Codename of a possible Soviet spy

Perseus was the code name of a hypothetical Soviet atomic spy that, if real, would have allegedly breached United States national security by infiltrating Los Alamos National Laboratory during the development of the Manhattan Project, and consequently, would have been instrumental for the Soviets in the development of nuclear weapons. Among researchers of the subject there is some consensus that Perseus was actually a creation of Soviet intelligence. Hypotheses include that "Perseus" was created as a composite of several different spies, disinformation to distract from specific spies, or may have been invented by the KGB to promote itself to the Soviet leadership to obtain more state funding. There were, however, multiple confirmed Soviet spies on the Manhattan project. They included Theodore Hall, George Koval, Morton Sobell, David Greenglass, Julius and Ethel Rosenberg, Klaus Fuchs, and Harry Gold.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Atomic spies</span> WWII Soviet nuclear research spies in the West

Atomic spies or atom spies were people in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Canada who are known to have illicitly given information about nuclear weapons production or design to the Soviet Union during World War II and the early Cold War. Exactly what was given, and whether everyone on the list gave it, are still matters of some scholarly dispute. In some cases, some of the arrested suspects or government witnesses had given strong testimonies or confessions which they recanted later or said were fabricated. Their work constitutes the most publicly well-known and well-documented case of nuclear espionage in the history of nuclear weapons. At the same time, numerous nuclear scientists wanted to share the information with the world scientific community, but this proposal was firmly quashed by the United States government.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Portland spy ring</span> Soviet spy ring that operated in England

The Portland spy ring was an espionage group active in the UK between 1953 and 1961. It comprised five people who obtained classified research documents from the Admiralty Underwater Weapons Establishment (AUWE) on the Isle of Portland, Dorset, and passed them to the Soviet Union.

Harry Frederick Houghton was a British Naval SNCO and a spy for the Polish People's Republic and the Soviet Union during the Cold War. He was a member of the Portland spy ring.

Ethel Elizabeth Gee, nicknamed "Bunty", was an Englishwoman who helped her lover spy for the Soviet Union. She was a member of the Portland spy ring.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Konon Molody</span> KGB officer (1922–1970)

Konon Trofimovich Molody was a Soviet intelligence officer, known in the West as Gordon Arnold Lonsdale. Posing as a Canadian businessman during the Cold War, he was a non-official (illegal) KGB intelligence agent and the mastermind of the Portland spy ring, which operated in Britain from the late 1950s until 1961.

<i>Pack of Lies</i> 1983 play by Hugh Whitemore

Pack of Lies is a 1983 play by English writer Hugh Whitemore, itself adapted from his Act of Betrayal, an episode of the BBC anthology series Play of the Month transmitted in 1971.

Geoffrey Arthur Prime is a former British spy who worked for the Royal Air Force as well as the Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ). While working for these organizations, Prime disclosed information to the Soviet Union. He was convicted in the early 1980s under charges of espionage and child sexual abuse. He was sentenced to a total of 38 years imprisonment but was released from prison in 2001.

Frank Percy Doel was a British antiquarian bookseller for Marks & Co in London who achieved posthumous fame as the recipient of a series of humorous letters from American author Helene Hanff, to which he scrupulously and, at first, very formally replied. The shop where he worked was at 84 Charing Cross Road, the title of a bestselling 1970 book written by Hanff which became a cult classic, a 1981 stage play, and a 1987 film starring Anthony Hopkins as Doel and Anne Bancroft as Hanff.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kuntsevo Cemetery</span> Cemetery in Moscow

The Kuntsevo Cemetery is a cemetery servicing Kuntsevo, Moscow. It is located on the bank of the Setun River, to the south of the Mozhaisk Highway. The local five-domed church was commissioned in 1673 by Artamon Matveyev. The cemetery is administered as part of the Novodevichy Cemetery complex.

<i>Ring of Spies</i> 1964 British film by Robert Tronson

Ring of Spies is a 1964 British spy film directed by Robert Tronson and starring Bernard Lee, William Sylvester and Margaret Tyzack. It is based on the real-life case of the Portland spy ring, whose activities prompted "Reds under the bed" scare stories in the British popular press in the early 1960s.

Desmond Patrick Costello was a New Zealand-born linguist, soldier, diplomat and university lecturer and professor who has been accused of being a KGB agent.

Morris is a given name in English and other languages. Notable persons with that name include:

References

  1. Civil Birth and Registration Index 1916-2007, p. 119.
  2. The Daily Mail, 24 July 1969, p. 1.
  3. BBC report on the case, 24 July 1969.
  4. RELEASE OF MR. GERALD BROOKE Hansard 24 July 1969.
  5. "Anthony Lorraine and Michael Parsons, prisoners released from A". 10 November 2014.
  6. Operation Whisper The capture of Soviet Spies Morris and Lona Cohen by Barnes Carr 2016.
  7. "Morris and Lona Cohen: Two Soviet secret agents from the U.S. (PHOTOS)". 27 January 2022.
  8. Hansard