Gholam Khiabany | |
---|---|
Citizenship | Iranian-British |
Education | University of Westminster (PhD) |
Known for | works on media and social change |
Scientific career | |
Fields | media studies |
Institutions | Goldsmiths, University of London |
Thesis | Iranian press under the shadow of the Islamic state (2006) |
Gholam Khiabany is an Iranian-British media scholar and Reader in Media and Communications at Goldsmiths, University of London. He is known for his works on media in the Middle East and the relationship between media and religion. [1] [2] [3] [4]
Khiabany is mainly interested in the media and social change and the relationship between communication, development and democracy, multiculturalism, culturalisation of terror, the rise of the security state, and anti-Muslim racism. He is a member of Institute of Race Relations' council of management and an editor of the Middle East Journal of Culture and Communication . [5]
Bassam Tibi, is a German political scientist and Professor of International Relations. He was born in 1944 in Damascus, Syria to an aristocratic family, and moved to Germany in 1962 where he later became a citizen in 1976. He is known for his analysis of international relations and the introduction of Islam to the study of international conflict and of civilization. Tibi is known for introducing the controversial concept of European Leitkultur as well as the concept of Euroislam to discussions about integration of Muslim immigrants to countries in Europe. He is also the founder of Islamology as a social-scientific study of Islam and conflict in post-bipolar politics. Tibi has done research in Asian and African countries. He publishes in English, German and Arabic.
The Expediency Discernment Council of the System is an administrative assembly appointed by the Supreme Leader and was created upon the revision to the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran on 6 February 1988. It was originally set up to resolve differences or conflicts between the Majlis and the Guardian Council, but "its true power lies more in its advisory role to the Supreme Leader." According to Hooman Majd, the Leader "delegated some of his own authority to the council — granting it supervisory powers over all branches of the government" following President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad's election in 2005.
Henry Armand Giroux is an American and Canadian scholar and cultural critic. One of the founding theorists of critical pedagogy in the United States, he is best known for his pioneering work in public pedagogy, cultural studies, youth studies, higher education, media studies, and critical theory. In 2002 Routledge named Giroux as one of the top fifty educational thinkers of the modern period.
Fath Persian: فتح lit. The Conquest) was a Persian-language daily newspaper published in Iran.
Modernization theory is used to explain the process of modernization within societies. Modernization refers to a model of a progressive transition from a 'pre-modern' or 'traditional' to a 'modern' society. Modernization theory originated from the ideas of German sociologist Max Weber (1864–1920), which provided the basis for the modernization paradigm developed by Harvard sociologist Talcott Parsons (1902–1979). The theory looks at the internal factors of a country while assuming that with assistance, "traditional" countries can be brought to development in the same manner more developed countries have been. Modernization theory was a dominant paradigm in the social sciences in the 1950s and 1960s, then went into a deep eclipse. It made a comeback after 1991 but remains a controversial model.
According to The Economist Group's Democracy Index 2020 study, Israel is the only democratic country in the Middle East, while Tunisia is the only democracy in North Africa. The level of democracy in nations throughout the world published by Freedom House, a U.S.-based, U.S. government-funded advocacy organization, and in various other freedom indices, report the Middle Eastern and North African countries with the highest scores are Israel, Tunisia, Turkey, Lebanon, Morocco, Jordan and Kuwait. Countries that are occasionally classified as partly democratic are Egypt, Iran, and Iraq. The remaining countries of the Middle East are categorized as authoritarian regimes, with the lowest scores held by Saudi Arabia and Yemen.
Paul Gilroy FBA is a British historian, writer and academic, who is the founding Director of the Sarah Parker Remond Centre for the Study of Race and Racism at University College London. Gilroy is the 2019 winner of the €660,000 Holberg Prize, for "his outstanding contributions to a number of academic fields, including cultural studies, critical race studies, sociology, history, anthropology and African-American studies".
Iranian presidential election of 1997 took place on 23 May 1997, which resulted in an unpredicted win for the reformist candidate Mohammad Khatami. The election was notable not only for the lopsided majority of the winner - 70% - but for the high turnout. 80% of those eligible to vote did so, compared to 50% in the previous presidential election.
Sayyid Hadi Khamenei is an Iranian reformist politician, mujtahid and linguist. He is a key member of the reformist Association of Combatant Clerics, and a former deputy of the Majlis of Iran representing a district in Tehran.
Islam and modernity is a topic of discussion in contemporary sociology of religion. The history of Islam chronicles different interpretations and approaches. Modernity is a complex and multidimensional phenomenon rather than a unified and coherent one. It has historically had different schools of thought moving in many directions.
Ettelā'āt-e Bānuvān or Banovan was one of the early women's magazines published in Tehran. The magazine was first published by Ettelaat in 1957. It covered news on celebrities, royal families, health, beauty, and other topics related to women. The magazine was closed in 1979, but was reopened in 1981.
Zan-e Rooz is a women's weekly Persian-language magazine published in Tehran, Iran. The magazine was first published in 1964. The first issue hit the newsstands of Tehran on February 27, 1965, and gained an immediate success. The inaugural issue of Zan-e Ruz was published in 15,000 copies, and in 1968 the magazine boasted a print run of 140,000 copies. The magazine's first editor-in-chief was its co-founder, Majid Davami (1930-2007). Before Islamic revolution Kayhan was the editorial and publisher. After the Iranian Revolution, as women's political activity alongside men increased, publications focusing on women's issues sprang up to answer the increased demand. Due to this, Zan-e Rooz shifted from being a Western-style gossip sheet to a publication dedicated to exploring the rights of women within the Islamic framework.
Globalization has been internalized in Arabic as “awlaama:العولمة” and refers to the spread throughout the globe of ideas, customs, institutions, and attitudes originated in one part of the world which are usually Western in origin. For this reason it has often been perceived as largely equivalent to Westernization and is still widely regarded as an external threat rather than as an opportunity. In the Middle East the decade of globalization was marked by endless wars, intrusive US hegemony, renewed economic dependency and continuing insecurity. Globalization was ushered into the Middle East by a war which gave the Western victors excessive power over the region and created a violent anti-globalization struggle. As some authors argue, it has strengthened Islamic fundamentalism and, due to its ambiguity created a contradictory and tension filled situation. Globalization thus often acted as an obstacle rather than an impetus to democratization.
Neshat was a reformist and moderate Persian language newspaper published in Iran and headquartered in Tehran.
Salam was a Persian newspaper published in Tehran, Iran. It was highly influential in the country during its brief existence from 1991 to 1999.
Hayat-e-No or Hayat-e No was a Persian reformist newspaper published in Tehran, Iran. It was banned in December 2009.
Television was first introduced to Iran in 1958, as a privately owned and commercially operated enterprise, before being nationalised, remaining a state-controlled monopoly, first of National Iranian Radio and Television, and following the Iranian Revolution in 1979, of Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting.
My Stealthy Freedom is an online movement that was started in 2014 by Masih Alinejad, an Iranian-born journalist and activist based in the United Kingdom and the United States. This movement started as a Facebook page, called My Stealthy Freedom, where women in Iran post photos of themselves without scarves, as a protest against the compulsory hijab laws in the country. By the end of 2016 page has surpassed 1 million Facebook likes. The initiative has received wide international and national coverage, and has been both praised and criticized.
The Culture of Nakedness and the Nakedness of Culture is a book by Gholam-Ali Haddad-Adel, an Iranian scholar and intellectual, criticizing Western culture. The book focuses on the issue of women's rights and the hijab, and argues that Western clothing differs from that of Eastern societies due to the differences in their viewpoints on humankind. It also explains how Japanese clothing became Westernized.
Post-Islamism is a neologism in political science, the definition and applicability of which has led to an intellectual debate. Asef Bayat and Olivier Roy are among the main architects of the idea.