Giovanni Pipino di Altamura | |
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Coat of arms | |
Died | 1357 Altamura, Kingdom of Naples |
Noble family | Pipino family |
Giovanni Pipino di Altamura (Giovanni Pipino II or just Giovanni Pipino, Latin : Iohannes Pipinus) (death: Altamura, 1357) was an Italian nobleman and condottiero . He belonged to the Pipino noble family, which began with Giovanni Pipino da Barletta (died 1316 in Naples) and that, after just a few decades, declined.
He was the count of Minervino Murge and Altamura, as well as the grandson of Giovanni Pipino da Barletta. Together with his brothers, he was well known for his violent character and arrogance towards the people he ruled over. According to sources, the brothers tried to subjugate many cities and territories of the Kingdom of Naples over the first half of the XIV century, taking advantage of the disorder and absence of power in the Kingdom of Naples which started right before the death of Robert of Anjou, king of Naples. Giovanni and his brothers did not comply with Robert's orders and, because of this and their arrogance, they were imprisoned. They managed to leave prison only after the king's death. They often changed sides: first, they fought for Andrew of Hungary, and then for Joanna I of Naples and her husband Louis, Prince of Taranto. Eventually, they backed Louis of Durazzo. [1] [2]
Because of his character and his disloyalty to the king, Giovanni Pipino di Altamura was captured in 1357 in Matera Castle and then he was brought to the nearby city of Altamura, where he was hanged from the battlements of Altamura Castle. According to the book Vita di Cola di Rienzo (written by an anonymous author), he had to wear a paper crown because he called himself "king of Apulia". [3] His corpse was then dismembered in four partsby means of four horses[ citation needed ], which were then displayed in areas of the city of Altamura as a warning to the subjects. One of his legs was displayed on the right of Porta Matera (one of the main gates of the City Walls of Altamura). The leg was then replaced by a bas-relief depicting Pipino's coat of arms and his leg. The bas-relief was destroyed and rebuilt in 1648 because of the restoration of the city walls; it is still visible on the right side of Porta Matera. [4] [5]
Shortly thereafter, his brother Luigi Pipino was also captured and hanged on the battlements of the castle of Minervino Murge; while the last brother Pietro Pipino went into a self-imposed exile in Rome, losing all the property of his family and ending the Pipino dynasty. [6] [7]
The coat of arms of the Pipino family is shown in the tomb of Giovanni Pipino da Barletta (located in the church of San Pietro a Majella, Naples) and it's made of a gray background, and a light blue transverse band containing three golden shells. [8]
The coat of arms can also be seen inside the castle of Minervino Murge, but it's been partly damaged, presumably by his and his brothers' enemies. [9]
Altamura is a town and comune of Apulia, in southern Italy. It is located on one of the hills of the Murge plateau in the Metropolitan City of Bari, 45 kilometres southwest of Bari, close to the border with Basilicata. As of 2017, its population amounts to 70,595 inhabitants.
Minervino Murge is a town and comune, former bishopric and present Latin Catholic titular see in the administrative province of Barletta-Andria-Trani in the region of Apulia in southern Italy, lying on the western flank of the Murgia Barese mountain chain.
Andrea Matteo Acquaviva, 8th Duke of Atri (1458–1529) was an Italian nobleman and condottiero from the Kingdom of Naples. Born in Conversano, Puglia, he was the second son of Duke Giulio Antonio Acquaviva and his wife Caterina Orsini del Balzo. She was a first cousin of Queen Isabella, the wife of King Ferrante of Naples.
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Altamura Castle was a castle located in the city of Altamura, now completely demolished. It was located over today's piazza Matteotti and a few remains of it are still visible inside the adjacent buildings, which were built partly with stones and structural elements from the castle. In a warehouse are an ogival arch and some stone coats of arms. A few other remains are found in the adjacent buildings, which were built in the 19th century.
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The Altamuran Revolution was a three-month period of self-government of Italian town Altamura, right after the birth of the Parthenopean Republic which ousted the Bourbons and the Kingdom of Naples. The city of the Kingdom of Naples was then defeated and taken by the so-called Sanfedisti, led by cardinal Fabrizio Ruffo, after a battle on the city walls. After being defeated, most Altamurans managed to flee through Porta Bari, one of Altamura's main gates.
Ottavio Serena was an Italian politician, judge, prefect and historian. He is known in his hometown Altamura for his works about local history, such as the Altamuran Revolution (1799). His contribution and the testimonies he collected allowed to shed light on some historical events (such as the killing of Giovanni Firrao and on legendary toponyms.
Giovanni Pipino da Barletta was an Italian nobleman and dignitary of the Kingdom of Naples. He started the Pipino noble family, which, after just a few decades, disappeared with the death of his grandson Giovanni Pipino di Altamura and his brothers.
Giovanni Pipino may refer to:
Porta Matera was one of the main gates of the old city of Altamura. They were part of the City Walls of Altamura, which were completely demolished during the nineteenth century since they had become useless for defence purposes. The gate itself was demolished in 1872. The monastery Monastero del Soccorso is located on the left side of the gate, while on the right some ruins of the city walls can be seen, presumably saved from destruction because of the bas-relief depicting "Pipino's leg".
The City Walls of Altamura were a military structure meant for defensive purposes and located in the city of Altamura, Italy. Its origin dates back to the Middle Ages and it was in use until the 19th century when it started to be gradually torn down. Nowadays only a few isolated parts of the walls survive. It shouldn't be confused with the Megalithic Walls of Altamura, which date back to the 5th–4th century BC and intersect in some parts with the city walls.
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