Girolamo Sirchia | |
---|---|
![]() Girolamo Sirchia with Alberto Pellai (left) in 2004. | |
Minister of Health | |
In office 11 June 2001 –23 April 2005 | |
Prime Minister | Silvio Berlusconi |
Preceded by | Umberto Veronesi |
Succeeded by | Francesco Storace |
Personal details | |
Born | Milan,Italy | 14 September 1933
Nationality | ![]() |
Political party | Independent |
Alma mater | University of Milan |
Profession | Medic |
Girolamo Sirchia (born 14 September 1933),is an Italian physician and politician.
Sirchia was born in Milan. He is married and has two daughters. He obtained a medical degree at University of Milan,specializing in Internal Medicine and Immuno-hematology.
He was Italian Minister of Health from June 2001 to April 2005 and he is known first for a smoking ban (Sirchia law) in all indoor public places. [1]
On 2 February 2005 he was investigated for corruption,after the suicide of his friend Francesco Mercuriali the previous 3 October. [2]
On 17 April 2008 he was sentenced (first instance judgment) to three years of imprisonment for bribes in the world of health,plus five years of interdiction from public offices. Together with him the alleged corrupters were convicted,in particular of Haemonetics Italia. [3] The sentence refers only to the accusations concerning events after 2000,while for the previous ones there was a prescription.
On 3 March 2010,the appeal ruling confirmed the embezzlement in relation to about 300,000 Swiss francs taken from the Il Sangue foundation of which he was treasurer,but acquitted him of the corruption charge. For a third charge,relating to $ 10,000 received from Japan's Kawasumi in December 2000,the judges finally declared the prescription;other disputes for which allegations of corruption were pending had already been declared prescribed during the first degree. The penalty was thus reduced to 5 months in prison and €600 fine:the Court of Appeal of Milan has therefore lifted the ban on public offices against Sirchia. [4]
Roberto Formigoni is an Italian politician. He was the president of Lombardy from 1995 to 2013. He is the former unofficial political spokesperson of the Communion and Liberation movement. On 21 February 2019,the Supreme Court of Cassation,the highest court in Italy,found him guilty of corruption and sentenced him to a definitive jail term of 5 years and 10 months. As a result,he was detained in the prison of Bollate,near Milan,for a few months in 2019 before getting house arrest. He was released in November 2023.
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Trials and allegations involving Silvio Berlusconi (1936-2023) have been extensive and include abuse of office,bribery and corruption of police officers,judges and politicians,collusion,defamation,embezzlement,extortion,false accounting,mafia,money laundering,perjury,tax fraud,underage prostitution influence and witness tampering.
Salvatore "Totò" Cuffaro is a former Italian politician and former President of Sicily. He has served an almost 5-year jail sentence for aiding Cosa Nostra. He has earned the nickname Vasa Vasa for his tendency to kiss all and sundry;he says that he has kissed a quarter of all the people on the island.
Luciano Moggi is a former Italian association football administrator and convicted fraudster. He was a club executive for Roma,Lazio,Torino,Napoli,and Juventus,leading them to win six leagues,three Coppa Italia,five Supercoppa Italiana,one UEFA Champions League,one Intercontinental Cup,one UEFA Super Cup,and one Intertoto Cup,as well as winning one UEFA Cup with Napoli. He has since become a freelance journalist and commentator.
Calciopoli was a sports scandal in Italy's top professional association football league Serie A and to a lesser extent Serie B. Involving various clubs and numerous executives,both from the same clubs and from the main Italian football bodies,as well as some referees and referee assistants,the scandal was uncovered in May 2006,when a number of telephone tappings showed relations between clubs' executives and referee organizations during the football seasons of 2004–05 and 2005–06,being accused of selecting favourable referees. This implicated league champions Juventus and several other clubs,including Fiorentina,Lazio,AC Milan,and Reggina. In July 2006,Juventus was stripped of the 2004–05 Serie A title,which was left unassigned,and was downgraded to last place in the 2005–06 Serie A,as the title was subsequently awarded to Inter Milan,and relegated to Serie B. Initially Fiorentina and Lazio were also relegated though this was later overturned on appeal,meanwhile all five clubs received points penalties for the following season. In July 2006,the Italy national football team won the 2006 FIFA World Cup,beating the France national football team 5–3 in a penalty shoot-out following a 1–1 draw at the conclusion of extra time;eight Juventus players were on the football pitch in the 2006 FIFA World Cup final,five for Italy and three for France. Many prison sentences were handed out to sporting directors and referees but all were acquitted in 2015,after almost a decade of investigation,due to the expiration of the statute of limitations,except for a one-year sentence confirmed to referee Massimo De Santis.
Lesbian,gay,bisexual,transgender,and queer (LGBTQ) rights in Italy significantly advanced in the 21st century,although LGBTQ people still face various challenges not experienced by non-LGBT residents,despite public opinion being increasingly liberal and in favor of LGBT rights. According to ILGA-Europe's 2021 report,the status of LGBT rights in Italy is below the standards of other Western European countries –such as still not recognizing same-sex marriage,lacking nationwide discrimination protections for goods and services,as well as not granting to same-sex couples full parental rights,such as joint adoption and IVF. Italy and Japan are the only G7 nations where same-sex marriages are not recognized.
The Years of Lead were a period of political violence and social upheaval in Italy that lasted from the late 1960s until the late 1980s,marked by a wave of both far-left and far-right incidents of political terrorism and violent clashes.
Prostitution in Italy,defined as the exchange of sexual acts for money,is legal,although organized prostitution,whether indoors in brothels or controlled by third parties,is prohibited. Brothels were banned in 1958. A euphemism often used to refer to street prostitutes in Italy is Lucciole,while escorts are referred to as Squillo.
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Smoking in Italy has been banned in public places including bars,restaurants,discotheques and offices since 2005. A majority of Italians supported the ban at the time it was first implemented,but there was a lack of support from smokers and some bar owners. 5% of bar and restaurant owners immediately introduced separate smoking rooms.
Corruption in Italy is a major problem. In Transparency International's annual surveys,Italy has consistently been regarded as one of the most corrupt countries in the Eurozone. Political corruption remains a major problem,particularly in Lombardy,Campania and Sicily where corruption perception is at a high level. Political parties are ranked the most corrupt institution in Italy,closely followed by public officials and Parliament,according to Transparency International. But in the 2013 Global Corruption Barometer report,Italy is in 17th position in front of the United Kingdom (18th),Switzerland (21st) and the United States (22nd).
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Sports proceedings began soon after Calciopoli,an association football scandal,was made public in May 2006. In July 2006,the Italian Football Federation's (FIGC) Federal Court of Justice started the sports trial. Juventus was relegated to Serie B with points-deduction,while other clubs only received points deductions. Most of implicated club's presidents and executives,as well as referees,referee designators,referee assistants,and FIGC higher-ups were initially proposed to be banned for life but only Juventus CEO Antonio Giraudo and Juventus general director Luciano Moggi were confirmed to be banned for life. Two criminal trials took place in Naples,the first related to Calciopoli proper,while the second involved consultancy company GEA World,which was alleged to hold power over all transfers and Italian football players and agents;all defendants were acquitted of the stronger charges. Moggi's legal defence attempted to present those new developments at the Naples court but they were refused because the court ruled that it was there to determinate whether Moggi's lifetime ban should be confirmed and the gravity of his actions,as was sentenced in the controversial 2006 sports trial.