Goliath Tabuni | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | 1959or1960(age 64–65) Gurage, Netherlands New Guinea |
| Allegiance |  Free Papua Movement |
| Unit | West Papua National Liberation Army |
| Battles/wars | Papua conflict |
Goliath Namaan Tabuni [1] (born 1959 or 1960) is a Papuan guerilla leader who is commander of the West Papua National Liberation Army (TPNPB). Mostly based around Puncak Jaya Regency, his unit is known for launching attacks and ambushes against Indonesian government units.
Tabuni was born in 1959 or 1960 [2] in Gurage, Netherlands New Guinea (today Puncak Jaya Regency). [3] He reportedly joined the Free Papua Movement in the 1980s, after he was beaten up by Indonesian soldiers for a wrongful accusation. In the 1990s, he joined Kelly Kwalik's unit near the Grasberg mine, before splitting off and returning to Puncak Jaya in 2004, establishing his base in the district of Tingginambut. [3] Since then, Puncak Jaya has been considered "the most violent" region in Papua. [3] Between 2009 and 2015, at least 29 Indonesian police and military members have been killed in Puncak Jaya, due to ambushes by guerilla fighters led by Tabuni. [4] Other TPNPB units in the regencies of Puncak, Paniai, and Mimika operate under Tabuni's command to an extent, [5] although Tabuni's units have also come into conflict with a breakaway faction under Purom Wenda. [6]
Partly due to his actions, he was appointed as the Supreme Commander of the West Papua National Liberation Army (TPNPB) in 2012 during a National Committee for West Papua conference in Biak. [4] Due to his prominence as a guerilla leader, he also became involved in local politics – in 2006, a local politician approached him for support in a regional election against later Papua governor Lukas Enembe, [7] and in 2009 Tabuni supported Golkar in exchange for his cousin Deerd Tabuni becoming a provincial legislator – and Deerd later even became the legislature's chairman. [4]
In March 2015, there were media reports that Tabuni had surrendered to the Indonesian government, retracted shortly afterwards. [8] [9] Later reports claimed that he had retired from guerilla fighting and ran a wood business, [10] a claim denied by a TPNPB spokesperson. [2]
Tabuni has publicly announced that he would not support the United Liberation Movement for West Papua (ULMWP). [11] He has also rejected regional autonomy for Papua, calling for full independence. [1]
The Free Papua Movement or Free Papua Organization is a name given to an independence movement based on Western New Guinea, seeking liberation of the territory from colonial Indonesian administration. The territory is currently divided into six Indonesian provinces of Central Papua, Highland Papua, Papua, South Papua, Southwest Papua, and West Papua, also formerly known as Papua, Irian Jaya and West Irian.
The Republic of West Papua, alternatively known as the Federal Republic of West Papua is a quasi-state consisting of the Western New Guinea region, which is currently part of Indonesia on the continent of Oceania. The region has been part of Indonesia since 1 May 1963 under several names in the following order, West Irian, Irian Jaya, and Papua. Today the region comprises six Indonesian provinces: Papua, Central Papua, Highland Papua, South Papua, West Papua, and Southwest Papua.
Western New Guinea, also known as Papua, Indonesian New Guinea, and Indonesian Papua, is the western, formerly Dutch presently Indonesian, half of the island of New Guinea, granted to Indonesia in 1962. Given the island is alternatively named Papua, the region is also called West Papua.
The Papua conflict is an ongoing conflict in Western New Guinea (Papua) between Indonesia and the Free Papua Movement. Subsequent to the withdrawal of the Dutch administration from the Netherlands New Guinea in 1962 and implementation of Indonesian administration in 1963, the Free Papua Movement has conducted a low-intensity guerrilla war against Indonesia through the targeting of its military, police, as well as civilian populations.
Puncak Jaya Regency is one of the regencies (kabupaten) in the Indonesian province of Central Papua. It is an inland highland regency, lying directly east of Paniai Regency and west of Jayawijaya Regency and Tolikara Regency. As of 2004, it was reported that these four regencies had a population that is 93–97% ethnic Papua; however this included areas which have subsequently been formed into new regencies.
Ilaga is the name of a small town and a farming valley in Central Papua, Indonesia, with an elevation of 2,286 m (7,500 ft). It is also the capital of a government district (kecamatan) of the same name, and of the newly created (2008) Puncak Regency. Most of the residents of the area belong to the Western Dani tribe. It has a small airport and a tiny community of non-Papuan traders and government officials from other parts of Indonesia. A river of the same name runs through the valley, and is a tributary of the Ilorong. The valley lies about midway between the Enarotali and Baliem valleys.
Kelly Kwalik was a senior separatist leader and military commander with the Free Papua Movement (OPM), a separatist organization based in Indonesia's Papua Province.
Terianus Satto is the Chief of the General Staff of the West Papua National Liberation Army (TPNPB).
Lukas Enembe was an Indonesian politician from West Papua, who served as the 13th Governor of Papua Province from April 2013 to January 2023. He had previously served as Regent of Puncak Jaya Regency between 2007 and 2012, and Vice Regent of the same regency from 2001 until 2006.
Seth Jafeth Rumkorem was a West Papuan military officer and independence activist. He chose to defect from the Indonesian Army to the Free Papua Movement (OPM) after witnessing electoral fraud and human rights abuses conducted by the former. He quickly became the leader of the movement's armed wing and was among the signatories of the proclamation of the Republic of West Papua. He went into exile to Greece, after an attempt to secure weapons for OPM went wrong. He eventually relocated to the Netherlands, where he continued his activism until his death in 2010.
Operation Cartenz's Peace, formerly Operation Nemangkawi, is a joint-operation conducted by Indonesian National Armed Forces and Indonesian National Police to curb armed separatist rebels in Papua. According to Papua Regional Police head, Mathius Fakhiri, there are currently six active separatist groups located mainly in Papua highlands. While there are two groups which became less active or retired after Operation Nemangkawi. Tinggi Nambut faction under Goliath Tabuni were beaten in October 2018, and 10 members were subdued by Police. Goliath Tabuni moved to Gome District and presumed retired. Lanny Jaya faction under Purom Wenda became less active after Police operation in Balingga District and its headquarters in Kali Mau. Some members of this group left and "return" to Indonesia.
The West Papua National Liberation Army, officially referred to in Indonesia as the Armed Criminal Group, and after 2021, Separatist Terrorist Group, is a Western New Guinean insurgent group in Indonesia. It is the armed wing of the Free Papua Movement.
On 2 March 2022, gunmen of the Free Papua Movement attacked and killed eight workers at a Telkomsel telecommunications facility in Beoga, Puncak Regency, in the Central Papua province of Indonesia.
Central Papua, officially the Central Papua Province is an Indonesian province located in the central region of Western New Guinea. It was formally established on 11 November 2022 from the former eight western regencies of the province of Papua. It covers an area of 61,072.91 km2 and had an officially estimated population of 1,452,810 in mid 2023. It is bordered by the Indonesian provinces of West Papua to the west, the province of Papua to the north and northeast, by Highland Papua to the east, and by South Papua to the southeast. The administrative capital is located in Wanggar District in Nabire Regency, although Timika is a larger town.
The following is the broad timeline for major events in the Papua conflict.
The 2023 Oksibil attacks were conducted by the separatist West Papua National Liberation Army (TPNPB) periodically on Oksibil, the seat of Bintang Mountains Regency, Highland Papua from 7 January to 12 January 2023. According to the Regional Police of Papua, the Bintang Mountains is one of 7 regencies that are vulnerable to separatist attacks.
The Nduga hostage crisis began on 7 February 2023 when Free Papua Movement insurgents attacked a plane and took its pilot and all five passengers hostage. While the passengers were soon released, New Zealander pilot Phillip Mark Mehrtens remains in captivity.
Egianus Kogoya is a military commander of Free Papua Movement (OPM).
Major General I Gusti Putu Danny Nugraha Karya was an Indonesian major general who previously served as the Head of Regional State Intelligence Agency until his death in combat. He replaced the late Brigjen Abdul Haris Napoleon who at the time, was appointed Expert Staff for Ideology and Politics at BIN. Following Danny's death, Napoleon was subsequently reappointed as Kabinda and served until he passed away due to a heart attack in 2022.
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