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A green building is one that uses less water, optimizes energy efficiency, conserves natural resources, generates less waste and provides healthier spaces for occupants, as compared to a conventional building. The Indian green building council (IGBC) is the leading green building movement in the country. Throughout the building lifecycle, green buildings employ practices that are resource- and environmentally-conscious. The idea of "green buildings" attempts to completely reduce any bad effects while maximizing any beneficial effects a structure has on both its surrounding environment and its human occupants. [1]
The Indian Green Building Council (IGBC) was formed by the Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) in 2001 [2] The council is based out of the CII-Sohrabji Green Business Centre, Hyderabad which is India's 1st Platinum rated green building and a Net Zero Energy Building. The vision of the council is to enable a ‘Sustainable built environment for all.
IGBC is India's premier body for green building certification and related services. Today, with strong support from various stakeholders, they have achieved the following significant milestones: [3]
IGBC certifies the green projects which are conceptualized, designed, constructed and operated as per IGBC Ratings. Till date, more than 3,088 projects (approx 1,315 million square feet (122.2×10 6 m2)) have been rated by IGBC. These IGBC-rated projects, as compared to conventional structures, have demonstrated tremendous savings to the extent of up to:
Green projects rated by IGBC fall under one of the following levels (in ascending order): Certified, Silver, Gold and Platinum. [4]
Residential buildings in India: The residential building sector is one of the largest consumers of electricity in India. Continuous urbanisation and the growth of population result in increasing power consumption in buildings. Thus, while experts express the huge potential for energy conservations in this sector, the belief still predominates among stakeholders that energy-efficient buildings are more expensive than conventional buildings, which adversely affects the “greening” of the building sector. This belief is contested by studies finding evidence for the opposite being the case. [5]
The IFC, a member of the World Bank Group, and the Confederation of Real Estate Developers' Associations of India (CREDAI), apex body of private real estate developers, have partnered to promote green buildings in the country through IFC's EDGE certification. An MoU was signed in the presence of former Minister for Environment and Forests Prakash Javadekar on [6] November 25, 2014.
The Indian Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) launched the Energy Conservation Building Code (ECBC). The code is set for energy efficiency standards for design and construction with any building of minimum conditioned area of 1,000 m2 and a connected demand of power of 500 KW or 600 KVA. The energy performance index of the code is set from 90 kW·h/sqm/year to 200 kW·h/sqm/year where any buildings that fall under the index can be termed as "ECBC Compliant Building" [7]
Moreover, the BEE launched a five-star rating scheme for office buildings operated only in the day time in three climatic zones, composite, hot&dry, warm&humid on 25 February 2009. IGBC rated green buildings are also able to meet or exceed the ECBC compliance. The CII Sohrabji Godrej Green Business Centre is a BEE 5 star-rated building.
The Reserve Bank of India's buildings in Delhi, Bhubaneshwar in Orissa and in Kerala have been star rated. [8]
In Tamil Nadu 11 buildings were star rated by BEE, in the year 2010, including RBI buildings. [9]
In Tamil Nadu, the government is planning to build solar-powered green houses for rural poor. It has allotted Rs.1058 crore for construction of 60,000 houses. [10]
In Maharashtra, near Mumbai in the Thane District, Govardhan Eco Village, a community in India, has built buildings with compressed stabilized Earth blocks, Rammed Earth Technique, Cob Houses(ADOBE Bricks) with traditional thatched roofs. These buildings have received a five-star rating from GRIHA, an Indian Nationwide Green Standards for Buildings, a wing of the famous TERI. [11]
Traditional buildings were energy efficient because architecture depended on the places. Buildings in the hot and dry regions, had corridors directing the wind to cool naturally. In wet regions, structures using natural light and breeze, were used. [12] Some examples are
The traditional building practices were utilized in constructing the Dhyanalinga. Mud mortar stabilized with lime, sand, alum and some herbal additives was used. [15] [16]
Energy Star is a program run by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) that promotes energy efficiency. The program provides information on the energy consumption of products and devices using different standardized methods. The Energy Star label is found on more than 75 different certified product categories, homes, commercial buildings, and industrial plants. In the United States, the Energy Star label is also shown on the Energy Guide appliance label of qualifying products.
Green building refers to both a structure and the application of processes that are environmentally responsible and resource-efficient throughout a building's life-cycle: from planning to design, construction, operation, maintenance, renovation, and demolition. This requires close cooperation of the contractor, the architects, the engineers, and the client at all project stages. The Green Building practice expands and complements the classical building design concerns of economy, utility, durability, and comfort. Green building also refers to saving resources to the maximum extent, including energy saving, land saving, water saving, material saving, etc., during the whole life cycle of the building, protecting the environment and reducing pollution, providing people with healthy, comfortable and efficient use of space, and being in harmony with nature. Buildings that live in harmony; green building technology focuses on low consumption, high efficiency, economy, environmental protection, integration and optimization.’
Howrah railway station is a railway station located in the city of Howrah, West Bengal, India. It is the largest and busiest railway complex in India as well as one of the busiest and largest train stations in the world. It is also the oldest surviving railway station complex in India. Howrah is one of six intercity train stations serving the Kolkata metropolitan area, the others being Sealdah, Dankuni, Santragachi, Shalimar and Kolkata railway station.
The Hyderabad Information Technology and Engineering Consultancy City, abbreviated as HITEC City, is an Indian information technology, engineering, health informatics, and bioinformatics, financial business district located in Hyderabad, Telangana, India. HITEC City is spread across 81 ha of land under suburbs of Madhapur, Gachibowli, Kondapur, Miyapur, Nanakramguda, Serilingampally, Bachupally, Manikonda, Kukatpally and Shamshabad all the combined technology townships is also known as Cyberabad with a radius of 52.48 km (32.61 mi) surrounding approximate area of 6,100 ha. HITEC City is within 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) of the residential and commercial suburb of Jubilee Hills.
Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) is a green building certification program used worldwide. Developed by the non-profit U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC), it includes a set of rating systems for the design, construction, operation, and maintenance of green buildings, homes, and neighborhoods, which aims to help building owners and operators be environmentally responsible and use resources efficiently.
The Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) is a non-governmental trade association and advocacy group headquartered in New Delhi, India, founded in 1895.
Green rating or certification is used to indicate the level of environmental friendliness for real estate properties.
The Green Movement in India is an emerging movement that stresses environmentally friendly practices and initiatives in transport, construction, law and more.
The Bureau of Energy Efficiency is an agency of the Government of India, under the Ministry of Power, created in March 2002 under the provisions of the nation's 2001 Energy Conservation Act. The agency's function is to encourage the efficient use of energy in India by developing programs to support it. For example, the government proposed to make it mandatory for certain appliances in India to have ratings by the BEE from January 2010 onwards. The mission of the Bureau of Energy Efficiency is to institutionalise energy efficiency services, enable delivery mechanisms in the country and provide leadership to energy efficiency in all sectors of the country. Its primary objective is to reduce energy intensity in the economy.
The ITC Grand Chola is a 5-star luxury hotel in Chennai, India. It is located in Guindy, opposite SPIC building and along the same row of buildings as Ashok Leyland Towers. The building, designed by Singapore-based SRSS Architects, is of mixed-use development with three separate wings and is themed after traditional Dravidian architecture of the Chola dynasty. The hotel is the ninth hotel in The Luxury Collection brand.
Marathon Futurex is an IT and financial business centre launched recently by the Marathon Group at Lower Parel, Mumbai, India. It is centrally located at the busy junction of Lower Parel and Curry Road. It is in close proximity of major business houses like Peninsula Corporate Park, Phoenix Mills, Kamala Mills. The project has been developed in the Mafatlal Mill land complex, will have a total built-up area of about 1.1 million sq ft.
A green home is a type of house designed to be environmentally sustainable. Green homes focus on the efficient use of "energy, water, and building materials". A green home may use sustainably sourced, environmentally friendly, and/or recycled building materials. This includes materials like reclaimed wood, recycled metal, and low VOC paints. Additionally, green homes often prioritize energy efficiency by incorporating features, such as high-performance insulation, energy-efficient appliances, and smart home technologies that monitor and optimize energy usage. Water conservation is another important aspect, with green homes often featuring water-saving fixtures, rainwater harvesting systems, and grey water recycling systems to reduce water waste. It may include sustainable energy sources such as solar or geothermal, and be sited to take maximum advantage of natural features such as sunlight and tree cover to improve energy efficiency.
Visakhapatnam Junction is an important railway station located in Visakhapatnam in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It has eight platforms with 508 trains passing by everyday. It is on the Howrah–Chennai main line and is being operated by East coast Railway. It may be administered under the South Coast Railway zone by Indian Railways after some time. Originally named the Waltair railway station, it was founded in 1896. It was renamed as Visakhapatnam junction in 1987.
Mindspace is a brand of commercial and industrial parks established by K Raheja Corp. Located in Mumbai, Hyderabad, Chennai and Pune, the industrial hubs offer offices, residential towers, entertainment facilities and other retail businesses. By 2016, the parks developed by Mindspace housed more than 50 businesses in India, including Accenture, L&T Infotech Ltd, Cognizant Technology and Capegemini Group.
Dr. Hariharan Chandrashekar is an Indian ecological economist, founding and presiding over urban people-led movements for urban sustainability on water and energy, a mentor for green enterprise and entrepreneurs, and enabler of industry directions on sustainability and resilience, at the building scale and the city scale.
Mahindra Lifespace Developers Ltd. is an Indian real estate and infrastructure development company headquartered in Mumbai, India. The company was founded in 1994 and is part of the Mahindra Group. The company is engaged in residential developments under the Mahindra Lifespaces and Happinest brands; and integrated cities and industrial clusters under the ‘Mahindra World City’ and ‘ORIGINS by Mahindra World City’ brands. The company has developed properties in Mumbai, Pune, Nagpur, Ahmedabad, Delhi NCR, Jaipur, Hyderabad, Chennai, and Bengaluru.
Indira Paryavaran Bhawan is India's first on-site net-zero building located in New Delhi, India. The building houses the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) accommodating three ministers and their offices along with about 600 officials. The building, designed and constructed by the Central Public Works Department (CPWD), was completed in 2013 at a cost of INR 209 Crore.
Surat Diamond Bourse (SDB) is a diamond trade centre located in DREAM City, Surat, Gujarat, India, designed by the architecture firm Morphogenesis. It is the world's largest diamond trading hub with a floor space of 660,000 square metres (7,100,000 sq ft), as well as the world's largest office building.
Vishal Garg is an Indian researcher working mainly in building energy efficiency and Cool Roofs. Garg is University Chair Professor and Dean Research at Plaksha University. He is also the director of Indorama Ventures Center for Clean Energy. Previously he was Professor and Head of the Center for IT in Building Science at the International Institute of Information Technology, Hyderabad. He is the recipient of the inaugural Dr. Arthur H. Rosenfeld Urban Cooling Achievement Award. He is actively involved in supporting the formulation of national-level policies and standards and implementation of building energy codes in India, and was made a Fellow of IBPSA in 2019.