Guapimirim Environmental Protection Area

Guapimirim Environmental Protection Area
Guapimirim Environmental Protection Area
	Área de Proteção Ambiental de Guapimirim
	IUCN category V (protected landscape/seascape)
	Rio de Janeiro. The protected area is in the upper right. The mangroves are dark green.
	Location in Brazil
Nearest city	Magé, Rio de Janeiro
Coordinates	22°43′12″S42°59′38″W / 22.720°S 42.994°W Coordinates: 22°43′12″S42°59′38″W / 22.720°S 42.994°W
Area	13,926 hectares (34,410 acres)
Designation	Environmental Protection Area
Created	25 September 1984

Last updated April 05, 2019

Guapimirim Environmental Protection Area (Portuguese : Área de Proteção Ambiental de Guapimirim) is a coastal marine protected area on Guanabara Bay in the state of Rio de Janeiro, southeastern Brazil.

Portuguese is a Western Romance language originating in the Iberian Peninsula. It is the sole official language of Portugal, Brazil, Cape Verde, Guinea-Bissau, Mozambique, Angola, and São Tomé and Príncipe. It also has co-official language status in East Timor, Equatorial Guinea and Macau in China. As the result of expansion during colonial times, a cultural presence of Portuguese and Portuguese creole speakers are also found in Goa, Daman and Diu in India; in Batticaloa on the east coast of Sri Lanka; in the Indonesian island of Flores; in the Malacca state of Malaysia; and the ABC islands in the Caribbean where Papiamento is spoken, while Cape Verdean Creole is the most widely spoken Portuguese-based Creole. Reintegrationists maintain that Galician is not a separate language, but a dialect of Portuguese. A Portuguese-speaking person or nation is referred to as "Lusophone" (Lusófono).

Guanabara Bay is an oceanic bay located in Southeast Brazil in the state of Rio de Janeiro. On its western shore lies the cities of Rio de Janeiro and Duque de Caxias, and on its eastern shore the cities of Niterói and São Gonçalo. Four other municipalities surround the bay's shores. Guanabara Bay is the second largest bay in area in Brazil, at 412 square kilometres (159 sq mi), with a perimeter of 143 kilometres (89 mi).

Rio de Janeiro is one of the 27 federative units of Brazil. It has the second largest economy of Brazil, with the largest being that of the state of São Paulo.

Location

The marine coastal protection area, which covers 13,926 hectares (34,410 acres) was created on 25 September 1984. It is administered by the Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation.^[1] The area includes all or part of the municipalities of Guapimirim, Itaboraí, Magé and São Gonçalo in the state of Rio de Janeiro.^[2] It contains the strictly protected 1,936 hectares (4,780 acres) Guanabara Ecological Station, created in 2006.^[3] It is in the Central Rio de Janeiro Atlantic Forest Mosaic, created in 2006.^[4]

Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation organization

The Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation is the Brazilian Ministry of the Environment's administrative arm. Its acronym is "ICMBio". It is named after the environmental activist Chico Mendes.

Guapimirim, is a city in the Rio de Janeiro Metropolitan Area, and a municipality located in Rio de Janeiro state, southeastern Brazil.

Itaboraí is a city in the state of Rio de Janeiro in Brazil, that belongs to the Rio de Janeiro metropolitan area. It was founded in 1672. In 2006, it had a population of 220,981.

Mangrove ecology

The area includes the 2,000 hectares (4,900 acres) Guanabara Ecological Station, created on 15 February 2006, which protects one of the last sections of midsize contiguous mangrove habitats in the state. The mangroves shelter species that are endangered in the state, including the anhinga (Anhinga anhinga), fulvous whistling duck (Dendrocygna bicolor), and broad-snouted caiman (Caiman latirostris). ^[5]

A mangrove is a shrub or small tree that grows in coastal saline or brackish water. The term is also used for tropical coastal vegetation consisting of such species. Mangroves occur worldwide in the tropics and subtropics, mainly between latitudes 25° N and 25° S. The total mangrove forest area of the world in 2000 was 137,800 square kilometres (53,200 sq mi), spanning 118 countries and territories.

The anhinga, sometimes called snakebird, darter, American darter, or water turkey, is a water bird of the warmer parts of the Americas. The word anhinga comes from the Brazilian Tupi language and means devil bird or snake bird. The origin of the name snakebird is apparent when swimming: only the colored neck appears above water so the bird looks like a snake ready to strike. They do not have external nares (nostrils) and breathe solely through their epiglottis.

The fulvous whistling duck or fulvous tree duck is a species of whistling duck that breeds across the world's tropical regions in much of Mexico and South America, the West Indies, the Southern United States, sub-Saharan Africa and the Indian subcontinent. It has plumage that is mainly reddish brown, long legs and a long grey bill, and shows a distinctive white band across its black tail in flight. Like other members of its ancient lineage, it has a whistling call which is given in flight or on the ground. Its preferred habitat consists of wetlands with plentiful vegetation, including shallow lakes and paddy fields. The nest, built from plant material and unlined, is placed among dense vegetation or in a tree hole. The typical clutch is around ten whitish eggs. The breeding adults, which pair for life, take turns to incubate, and the eggs hatch in 24–29 days. The downy grey ducklings leave the nest within a day or so of hatching, but the parents continue to protect them until they fledge around nine weeks later.

Conservation

The area is classed as IUCN protected area category V, protected landscape/seascape. The purpose is to maintain biological diversity, manage human settlements and ensure sustainable use of natural resources.^[2] The main goal is to protect the remaining mangroves in Guanabara Bay, and to preserve the human populations that maintain a traditional lifestyle in a close relationship with the environment.^[5] Protected species include the starfish Coscinasterias tenuispina.^[1]

IUCN protected area categories, or IUCN protected area management categories, are categories used to classify protected areas in a system developed by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN).

Coscinasterias tenuispina is a starfish in the family Asteriidae. It is sometimes called the blue spiny starfish or the white starfish. It occurs in shallow waters in the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea.

Related Research Articles

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Guaraqueçaba Ecological Station is an ecological station in the municipality of Guaraqueçaba, Paraná, Brazil.

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Cairuçu Environmental Protection Area is a protected area in the south of Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil. It contains an important remnant of the Atlantic Forest biome.

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References

1 2 APA de Guapimirim – Chico Mendes.
1 2 Unidade de Conservação ... MMA.
↑ ESEC da Guanabara (in Portuguese), ISA: Instituto Socioambiental, retrieved 2016-10-05
↑ Costa, Lamas & Fernandes 2010, p. 15.
1 2 Gestao Integrada Apa Guapimirin e Esec Guanabara: Quem Somos.

Sources

APA de Guapimirim (in Portuguese), Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation , retrieved 2016-04-22
Costa, Cláudia; Lamas, Ivana; Fernandes, Rosan (December 2010), Planejamento Estratégico do Mosaico Central Fluminense (PDF) (in Portuguese), Reserva da Biosfera da Mata Atlântica, retrieved 2016-10-02
Gestao Integrada Apa Guapimirin e Esec Guanabara: Quem Somos (in Portuguese), ICMBio, retrieved 2016-04-22
Unidade de Conservação: Área de Proteção Ambiental de Guapi-Mirim (in Portuguese), MMA: Ministério do Meio Ambiente, retrieved 2016-04-22

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[FOOTNOTEAPA_de_Guapimirim_–_Chico_Mendes-1] 1 2 APA de Guapimirim – Chico Mendes.

[FOOTNOTEUnidade_de_Conservação_..._MMA-2] 1 2 Unidade de Conservação ... MMA.

[3] ESEC da Guanabara (in Portuguese), ISA: Instituto Socioambiental, retrieved 2016-10-05

[FOOTNOTECostaLamasFernandes201015-4] Costa, Lamas & Fernandes 2010, p. 15.

[FOOTNOTEGestao_Integrada_Apa_Guapimirin_e_Esec_Guanabara:_Quem_Somos-5] 1 2 Gestao Integrada Apa Guapimirin e Esec Guanabara: Quem Somos.