Guigues IV of Albon

Last updated
Imaginative portrait of Guigues IV by Alexandre Debelle (1839) 764 album dauphine, Dauphins, by AD cropped 4.jpeg
Imaginative portrait of Guigues IV by Alexandre Debelle (1839)

Guigues IV [lower-alpha 1] (died 28 June 1142), called le Dauphin (Latin: Guigo Dalphinus), was the count of Albon from 1133. He was the first to take the name Dauphin, meaning "dolphin", which became a title among his successors. [1]

Guigues was the eldest son and heir of Guigues III of Albon and Matilda. He was first called dauphin in a document of his father's from 1110. [1] There is a theory that Matilda was in fact English, a daughter of Edgar the Ætheling, and that the name Dauphin came to Guigues through her, since she had a relative named Dolfin, a son of Gospatric, Earl of Northumbria. [2] Another theory posits that Matilda was a daughter of Count Roger I of Sicily and the widow of King Conrad II of Italy. [1]

Guigues married Margaret  [ fr ], daughter of Stephen I, Count of Burgundy, and niece of Pope Calixtus II. [3]

Guigues had good relations with the priory of Oulx and the abbey of Bonnevaux, to which he made gifts. In 1140, however, Guigues was involved in a dispute with the bishop Hugh II of Grenoble. [3]

In or about 1134, Count Amadeus III of Savoy married Guigues's sister Matilda. Her dowry was the likely cause of the dispute that erupted between the two counts in 1140, the first war between the two counties. Guigues invaded the county of Savoy and besieged Montmélian. Ambushed by Amadeus near the castle of La Buissière, he was wounded in battle and died a few days later on 28 June 1142. [4] [5] He was succeeded by his son Guigues V. [4]

Guigues IV may have been the inspiration for the character of Schionatulander in Wolfram von Eschenbach's romance Titurel , written around 1217. [5]

Notes

  1. Also spelled Guigo, Guido, Guy or Wigo. His numbering, too, varies. He is sometimes counted as Guigues VI or Guigues IX, depending on the genealogy of the lords of Albon. He was only the fourth Guigues to be count.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Amadeus V, Count of Savoy</span> Count of Savoy

Amadeus V was Count of Savoy from 1285 to 1323.

Aymon, nicknamed the Peaceful, was Count of Savoy from 1329 to 1343.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dauphiné</span> Historical region and former province of France

The Dauphiné is a former province in Southeastern France, whose area roughly corresponded to that of the present departments of Isère, Drôme and Hautes-Alpes. The Dauphiné was originally the Dauphiné of Viennois.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Faucigny</span> Commune in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France

Faucigny is a commune in the Haute-Savoie department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in south-eastern France.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hugh III, Duke of Burgundy</span> Duke of Burgundy

Hugh III was Duke of Burgundy between 1162 and 1192. As duke, Burgundy was invaded by King Philip II and Hugh was forced to sue for peace. Hugh then joined the Third Crusade, distinguishing himself at Arsuf and Acre. He died at Acre in 1192.

Barral of Baux was Viscount of Marseilles and Lord of Baux. He was the son of Hugh III of Baux, Viscount of Marseilles, and Barrale.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Guigues VII of Viennois</span>

Guigues VII (1225–1269), of the House of Burgundy, was the dauphin of Vienne and count of Albon, Grenoble, Oisans, Briançon, Embrun, and Gap from 1237 to his death. He was the son of Andrew Guigues VI and Beatrice of Montferrat. When his father died, his mother helped guide the leadership of the new Dauphin.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Guigues III of Albon</span>

Guigues the Old, called Guigues III, was a Count of Albon from 1079, when the County of Vienne, then in the possession of the Archdiocese of Vienne, was divided between him and Humbert I of Savoy, who received Maurienne.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Guigues VI of Viennois</span>

Andrew Guigues VI, known as André de Bourgogne, Dauphin of Viennois, was the Count of Albon, Briançon, Grenoble, and Oisans from 1228 until his death. He was the son of Hugh III of Burgundy and Béatrice of Albon. He took his regnal name after and inherited the titles and lands of his maternal grandfather, Guigues V.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Guigues V of Albon</span>

Guigues V was the Count of Albon and Grenoble from 1142 until his death. He was the first to take the title Dauphin du Viennois.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Humbert I of Viennois</span>

Humbert I of Viennois was baron of la Tour-du-Pin and then also became, by his marriage, dauphin of Viennois. He was the son of Albert III, baron of la Tour-du-Pin, and of Béatrice de Coligny.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Beatrice of Albon</span>

Béatrice, Countess of Albon and Dauphine of Viennois (1161–1228) was ruling countess and dauphine in 1162–1228, in succession upon the death of her father Guigues V.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Beatrice of Montferrat</span>

Beatrice of Montferrat was an Italian noblewoman, the eldest daughter of William VI, Marquess of Montferrat, and the third wife of Guigues VI of Viennois, by whom she had two sons. According to the vida of the troubadour Gauseran de Saint-Leidier, Beatrice was the domna (lady), whom he allegedly loved. He celebrated his idealised devotion to her in his cansos.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Margaret of Burgundy, Countess of Savoy</span>

Marguerite of Burgundy, was Countess of Savoy from 1233 until her death by marriage to Amadeus IV, Count of Savoy. She was the youngest daughter of Hugh III, Duke of Burgundy, and his second wife, Béatrice of Albon.

Mahaut of Albon (1112–1148), was a Countess Consort of Savoy by marriage to Amadeus III, Count of Savoy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Beatrice of Savoy, Dame of Faucigny</span>

Beatrice of Savoy ruled as Lady of Faucigny, having succeeded her mother, Agnes of Faucigny. She was the only legitimate child of Peter II, Count of Savoy, but did not inherit the county, which passed instead to her uncle. Beatrice was also Dauphine of Viennois and Viscountess of Béarn by her two marriages.

William III of Geneva was the Count of Geneva from 1308 to 1320. He was the son of count Amadeus II of Geneva, and Agnès, daughter of John, Count of Chalon.

Anne of Viennois, was a Countess regnant suo jure of Viennois and Albon in 1282-1299, and the daughter of Guigues VI of Viennois and Beatrice of Montferrat. She married Humbert, Baron of La Tour du Pin in 1273. She was buried in the Carthusian monastery of Salette, in the barony of La Tour.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Guigues II of Albon</span>

Guigues II d'Albon, known as the Fat (Pinguis), born around 1025 and died around 1079, was count in Grésivaudan and Briançonnais from 1070 to 1079, count of Albon in 1079. He came from the House of Albon.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Bernard Bligny (1984), "Note sur l'origine et la signification du terme «dauphin» (de Viennois)", Actes des congrès de la Société des historiens médiévistes de l'enseignement supérieur public, 15e congrès, 15 (1): 155–56.
  2. Eugene L. Cox (1995), "Dauphiné/Viennois", Medieval France: An Encyclopedia, Garland Publishing, p. 553.
  3. 1 2 Aurélien Le Coq (2012), "La trajectoire des Guigues d'Albon: Réseaux et lieux de pouvoir, Xe–XIIe siècle", Florilegium, 29: 201–27, doi: 10.3138/flor.29.008 .
  4. 1 2 C. W. Previté-Orton (1912), The Early History of the House of Savoy (1000–1233), Cambridge University Press, p. 292.
  5. 1 2 Wolfram von Eschenbach; Charles E. Passage, ed. (1984), Titurel, F. Ungar Publishing Company, pp. 100ff{{citation}}: |author2= has generic name (help).