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Gir National Park and Wildlife Sanctuary, also known as Sasan Gir, is a forest, national park, and wildlife sanctuary near Talala Gir in Gujarat, India. It is located 43 km (27 mi) north-east of Somnath, 65 km (40 mi) south-east of Junagadh and 60 km (37 mi) south-west of Amreli. It was established in 1965 in the erstwhile Nawab of Junagarh's private hunting area, with a total area of 1,410.30 km2 (544.52 sq mi), of which 258.71 km2 (99.89 sq mi) is fully protected as a national park and 1,151.59 km2 (444.63 sq mi) as wildlife sanctuary. It is part of the Khathiar-Gir dry deciduous forests ecoregion.
The Asiatic lion is a population of Panthera leo leo that today survives in the wild only in India. Since the turn of the 20th century, its range has been restricted to Gir National Park and the surrounding areas in the Indian state of Gujarat. The first scientific description of the Asiatic lion was published in 1826 by the Austrian zoologist Johann N. Meyer, who named it Felis leo persicus. Until the 19th century, it occurred in Saudi Arabia, eastern Turkey, Iran, Mesopotamia, and from east of the Indus River in Pakistan to the Bengal region and the Narmada River in Central India.
The Khathiar–Gir dry deciduous forests is a mostly arid ecoregion in northwestern India that stretches over 103,100 sq mi (267,000 km2) across Gujarat, Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh. The dry deciduous forests in the region are dominated by teak, and thorny trees and scrub in drier areas.
Kuno National Park is a national park and Wildlife Sanctuary in Madhya Pradesh, India. It derives its name from Kuno River. It was established in 1981 as a wildlife sanctuary with an initial area of 344.686 km2 (133.084 sq mi) in the Sheopur and Morena districts. In 2018, it was given the status of a national park. It is part of the Khathiar-Gir dry deciduous forests ecoregion.
The Asiatic Lion Reintroduction Project is an initiative of the Indian Government to provide safeguards to the Asiatic lion from extinction in the wild by means of reintroduction. The last wild population of the Asiatic lion is found in the region of Gir Forest National Park, in the state of Gujarat. The single population faces the threats of epidemics, natural disasters and other anthropogenic factors. The project aims to establish a second independent population of Asiatic lions at the Kuno National Park in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. However, the proposed translocation has been bitterly contested by the state government.
Social forestry is the management and protection of forests and afforestation of barren and deforested lands with the purpose of helping environmental, social and rural development. The term social forestry was first used in 1976 by The National Commission on Agriculture, when the government of India aimed to reduce pressure on forests by planting trees on all unused and fallow lands. It was intended as a democratic approach to forest conservation and usage, maximizing land utilization for multiple purposes.
India is home to a large variety of wildlife. It is a biodiversity hotspot with various ecosystems ranging from the Himalayas in the north to the evergreen rainforests in the south, the sands of the west to the marshy mangroves of the east. India lies within the Indomalayan realm and is home to about 7.6% of mammal, 14.7% of amphibian, 6% of bird, 6.2% of reptilian, and 6.2% of flowering plant species. India's forests contain about 500 species of mammals and more than 1300 bird species.
The economy of Gujarat, a state in Western India, is the most industrialised in India, having the highest industrial output of any state in the union.It has the highest exports of any Indian state, accounting for 33% of all Indian exports in 2022-23. It leads in diverse industrial sectors such as chemicals, petrochemicals, dairy, drugs and pharmaceuticals, cement and ceramics, gems and jewellery, textiles and engineering. It has the highest Electricity Production Capacity and Maritime Port Cargo Volume among all states in India. It also has significant agricultural production with major agricultural produce of the state being cotton, groundnuts (peanuts), dates, sugar cane, milk and milk products. Gujarat recorded the lowest unemployment rate in India in 2022, with 4.4% of the labour force being unemployed.
The tiger reserves of India were set up in 1973 and are governed under Project Tiger, which is administered by the National Tiger Conservation Authority, Government of India. Tiger reserves were designated in 50 protected areas until 2018. In 2022, the 53rd tiger reserve was declared in Ranipur Wildlife Sanctuary, Uttar Pradesh, and the State's third tiger reserve.
More than 70 years after India's native subspecies of the cheetah—the Asiatic cheetah —became extinct there, small numbers of Southeast African cheetah have been flown in from Namibia and South Africa to a national park in India. The experiment has been permitted by India's supreme court on a short-term basis to test long-term adaptation. The Asiatic subspecies is now found only in Iran in critically endangered numbers.
The Madras Forest Department, now officially, Tamil Nadu Forest Department, is a government department of Tamil Nadu. The department is responsible for managing all the protected areas and forests plus environmental and wildlife related issues of Tamil Nadu state in South India. The objective of the Tamil Nadu Forest Department is to conserve biodiversity and eco-systems of forests and wilderness areas to ensure water security and food security of the state.
Sudhir Sachchidanand Mungantiwar is a legislator from the state of Maharashtra, India. He is currently cabinet Minister for Forests, Cultural Affairs and Fisheries in Maharashtra Government. He has earlier served as the Cabinet Minister of Finance & Planning and Forests departments in the Government of Maharashtra, Previously, he was the Maharashtra State President for Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) from 2010 to 2013 and the Minister of Tourism and Consumer Protection in the Government of Maharashtra from 1995 to 1999. In 2014, he was elected to the Maharashtra Legislative Assembly to serve for a fifth consecutive term. He also holds additional charge as the Guardian Minister of Chandrapur and Wardha districts. In March 2024, he was announced as the BJP candidate for the Chandrapur constituency in the 2024 General Elections.
Wildlife SOS (WSOS) is a conservation non-profit organisation in India, established in 1995 with the primary objective of rescuing and rehabilitating wildlife in distress, and preserving India's natural heritage. It is currently one of the largest wildlife organisations in South Asia.
Yadvendradev Vikramsinh Jhala is an Indian scientist and conservationist who recently ended his tenure as the Dean at the Wildlife Institute of India in Dehradun.
The fauna of Gujarat, a state in Western India, encompasses a range of ecosystems, including coastal areas along the Arabian Sea, the semi-arid forests on the Kathiawar Peninsula, and the arid salt flats of the Rann of Kutch.
Pania Wildlife Sanctuary is a protected area located in the Amreli District of Gujarat, India. Situated within the broader Gir forest ecosystem, it plays a crucial role in conserving the biodiversity of the region, including the endangered Asiatic lion.
Hingolgadh Nature Education Sanctuary is a protected area located in the Jasdan Taluka of Rajkot district, Gujarat, India. Managed by the Gujarat Ecological Education and Research (GEER) Foundation, the sanctuary is dedicated to the conservation of local wildlife and provides educational programs on environmental conservation.
Seshachalam Biosphere Reserve is located in the Eastern Ghats of Andhra Pradesh, India, encompassing parts of Chittoor and Kadapa districts. It is distinguished as the first biosphere reserve in Andhra Pradesh, recognized for its rich biodiversity and designated under UNESCO's Man and Biosphere (MAB) Programme on 20th September 2010.
The Rampara Wildlife Sanctuary is a protected area located in the Morbi district of Gujarat, India. Established in November 1988, the sanctuary spans approximately 15 square kilometres and is managed by the Gujarat Forest Department.
References
- 1 2 "NGO, Gujarat Forest Dept encourages students from 200 schools to plant 45,000 trees". The Times of India. 2023-08-17. ISSN 0971-8257 . Retrieved 2024-04-02.
- ↑ "Gujarat forest department makes life jackets, buoy rings mandatory at Nalsarovar". The Times of India. 2024-02-10. ISSN 0971-8257 . Retrieved 2024-04-02.
- ↑ "Foresters act on HC's concerns about Nalsarovar". The Times of India. 2024-02-07. ISSN 0971-8257 . Retrieved 2024-04-02.
- ↑ "Don't take selfies with lions: Gujarat forest dept tells tourists". The Indian Express. 2016-06-12. Retrieved 2024-04-02.
- ↑ "Gujarat Government plans to procure 10 cages for each taluka in South Gujarat". The Times of India. 2024-01-02. ISSN 0971-8257 . Retrieved 2024-04-02.
- ↑ "Flamingo Gujarat's special issue highlights diversity of raptors in state". The Indian Express. 2023-08-27. Retrieved 2024-04-02.
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