Gwynn Garnett (December 26, 1909 to November 21, 1995) was the administrator of the Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS) of the United States of America from 1955 to 1959. [1] He also wrote the first draft of what would become the Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act of 1954 (Public Law 480) that would become known as the Food for Peace program. [2] [3]
Garnett was born in Chicago to Robert Tompkins Garnett and his wife Edith (Higgenbotham) then raised on a farm in Wyoming. [1] He had four siblings which included brothers Robert and Cyrus. He graduated from Iowa State University in 1934 where he was the president of the Sigma Pi fraternity chapter and the Y.M.C.A., [4] as well as a member of Scabbard and Blade. [5] In 1936 he married Marjorie Maree Shannon of Clinton, Iowa. They would stay married until he died and had two children, Stephen and Patience. [1]
During the 1930s, Garnett was a statistician for the United States Department of Agriculture [1] and the Federal Land Bank. [6] During World War II he commanded a tank company as a captain in the U.S. Army in Europe. After the war he was named director of the Food and Agriculture Division of the U.S. Military Government in West Germany. He was also involved with overseeing the Berlin Airlift. He also helped initiate parts of the Marshall Plan until his discharge. He then became a legislative liaison for the American Farm Bureau Federation. [2]
Upon returning from a trip to India in 1950 Garnett wrote the first draft of what would become Public Law 480. This plan was for the United States to sell surplus agricultural commodities to countries still recovering from World War II. The sales would be made in the local currencies which were pretty much worthless outside of the borders of the countries where the sale was made. The money would then be used by the United States to fund economic development projects in those countries. The plan was popular in Congress since it helped American farmers, fed hungry nations, and fostered future markets. This plan was signed into law in 1954 while Garnett was the director of the surplus disposal group of the FAS. He was then promoted to director of the FAS and served there from 1954 to 1959. [2] [3] [7]
Garnett left the government in 1959 to become vice president of the Pan-Am Airways. Later he formed a company that made agricultural equipment for underdeveloped countries and had interests in cattle operations in Nigeria, Spain, Greece, and Iran. [1] During the 1970s and 1980s, Garnett (and his son, Stephen) was one of the first American farmers to start promoting organic beef from his farm in Remington, Virginia. [8]
Sigma Pi (ΣΠ) is a collegiate fraternity with 232 chapters at American universities. As of 2021, it had more than 5,000 undergraduate members and over 118,000 alumni. The fraternity is headquartered in Nashville, Tennessee.
Sigma Alpha (ΣΑ) is an American professional agricultural sorority. It was established at Ohio State University in 1978.
The Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS) is the foreign affairs agency with primary responsibility for the United States Department of Agriculture's (USDA) overseas programs – market development, international trade agreements and negotiations, and the collection of statistics and market information. It also administers the USDA's export credit guarantee and food aid programs and helps increase income and food availability in developing nations by mobilizing expertise for agriculturally led economic growth. The FAS mission statement reads, "Linking U.S. agriculture to the world to enhance export opportunities and global food security," and its motto is "Linking U.S. Agriculture to the World."
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Foreign trade of Argentina includes economic activities both within and outside Argentina especially with regards to merchandise exports and imports, as well as trade in services.
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The Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act of 1954 is a United States federal law that established Food for Peace, the primary and first permanent US organization for food assistance to foreign nations. The Act was signed into law on July 10, 1954, by President Dwight D. Eisenhower.
In different administrative and organizational forms, the Food for Peace program of the United States has provided food assistance around the world for more than 60 years. Approximately 3 billion people in 150 countries have benefited directly from U.S. food assistance. The Bureau for Humanitarian Assistance within the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) is the U.S. Government's largest provider of overseas food assistance. The food assistance programming is funded primarily through the Food for Peace Act. The Bureau for Humanitarian Assistance also receives International Disaster Assistance Funds through the Foreign Assistance Act (FAA) that can be used in emergency settings.
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