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  1. Yim Min-Hyeok. "The Establishment of Literati Governance Society in Early Joseon, and Its Continuation," The Review of Korean Studies, Vol. 8, No. 2 (June 20050, pp. 223-254.
  2. Steben, Barry D. "The Transmission of Neo-Confucianism to the Ryukyu (Liuqiu) Islands and Its Historical Significance: Ritual and Rectification of Names in a Bipolar Authority Field," p. 54. National University of Singapore.
  3. (in Korean) 사대교린 (조선 외교), Britannica online Korea
  4. Kim, Chun-gil. The History of Korea, pp. 76-77; Oh Youngkyo. "State of Research on the Late Period of the Choson Dynasty," Archived 2011-07-22 at the Wayback Machine Yonsei University.
  5. Goodrich, L. Carrington et al. (1976). Dictionary of Ming biography, 1368-1644 (明代名人傳), Vol. II, p. 1601.
  6. Kim, pp. 76-77; Royal Asiatic Society, Korea Branch (RASKB): Yi Sugwang with Vietnamese counterpart Phùng Khắc Khoan in 1597. [ permanent dead link ]
  7. Steben, p. 57.
  8. Mansourov, Alexandre Y. "Will Flowers Bloom without Fragrance? Korean-Chinese Relations," Archived 2008-01-08 at the Wayback Machine Harvard Asia Quarterly (Spring 2009).
  9. Toby, Ronald P. (1991). State and Diplomacy in Early Modern Japan: Asia in the Development of the Tokugawa Bakufu, p. 87.

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