HMAS Swan (U74)

For other ships with the same name, see HMAS Swan.

HMAS Swan in 1945
History
Australia
Namesake	Swan River
Builder	Cockatoo Island Dockyard
Laid down	1 May 1935
Launched	28 March 1936
Commissioned	21 January 1937
Decommissioned	20 September 1962
Reclassified	Training ship (1956–1962)
Motto	"Forward"
Honours and awards	Battle honours: Darwin 1942 Pacific 1941–45 New Guinea 1943–44 Plus one inherited battle honour
Fate	Sold for scrap
General characteristics
Class and type	Grimsby-class sloop
Displacement	1,060 tons (standard), 1,500 tons (full load)
Length	266 ft 3 in (81.15 m)
Beam	36 ft (11 m)
Draught	7.5 to 10 ft (2.3 to 3.0 m)
Propulsion	2 × Admiralty 3-drum boilers, Parsons turbines, 2,000 shp (1,500 kW), 2 shafts
Speed	16.5 knots (30.6 km/h; 19.0 mph)
Complement	135 peace, 160 war
Armament	Initial: 3 × QF 4-inch (101.6 mm) Mk V anti-aircraft guns 1 × quadruple Vickers .50 machine gun From 1942: 4 × QF 4 inch Mk XVI guns in 2 twin mounts 1 × Bofors 40 mm gun 6 × Oerlikon 20 mm cannons Depth Charge throwers

HMAS Swan (U74/F74/A427), named for the Swan River, was a Grimsby-class sloop of the Royal Australian Navy (RAN) that served during World War II.

Design and construction

Main article: Grimsby-class sloop

The Grimsby class consisted of thirteen sloops, four of which were built in Australia for the RAN. Swan, one of the first pair constructed, had a displacement of 1,060 tons at standard load and 1,500 tons at full load, was 266 feet 3 inches (81.15 m) long, had a beam of 36 feet (11 m), and a draught of between 7.5 and 10 feet (2.3 and 3.0 m) depending on load. ^[1] Propulsion machinery consisted of two Admiralty 3-drum boilers connected to Parsons geared turbines, which delivered 2,000 shaft horsepower (1,500 kW) to the sloop's two propeller shafts. ^[1] Maximum speed was 16.5 knots (30.6 km/h; 19.0 mph). ^[1] The ship's company in peacetime consisted of 135 officers and sailors; this increased to 160 during the war. ^[1]

Swan's initial armament consisted of three QF 4-inch (101.6 mm) Mark V anti-aircraft guns and a quadruple .50 in anti-aircraft machine gun mount for close-in defence. ^[2] From 1942, this was increased to four QF 4 inch Mk XVI guns in 2 twin mounts, with a close-in armament of a Bofors 40 mm gun and six Oerlikon 20 mm cannon. ^{[2] [3]} The ship's depth charge load had increased to 40 by the end of the war. ^[4]

Swan was laid down by Cockatoo Island Dockyard at Sydney, New South Wales on 1 May 1935. She was launched on 28 March 1936, and commissioned into the RAN on 21 January 1937. ^[2]

Operational history

World War II

Swan served as an escort and patrol vessel during World War II and escorted many convoys, including the Pensacola Convoy, ^[5] in Australian waters and the South-West Pacific. On 12 January Swan arrived at Ambon escorting Bantam with reinforcements and remained there until 18 January, engaging bombers during raids on 15–16 January. ^[6] In late January 1942 the ship was assigned to the short lived American-British-Dutch-Australian Command. ^[7]

The ship was part of the escort, led by USS Houston with the destroyer USS Peary and HMAS Warrego, for a convoy composed of Meigs, Mauna Loa, Portmar, and Tulagi leaving Darwin before two in the morning of 15 February for Koepang carrying troops to reinforce forces already defending Timor. By eleven in the morning the convoy was being shadowed by a Japanese flying boat that dropped some bombs without causing damage before departing. The next morning another shadowing aircraft had taken position and before noon the convoy was attacked by bombers and flying boats in two waves. After the attacks the convoy continued toward Timor for a few hours with Houston launching a scout plane seeking the enemy position. ABDA suspected the presence of Japanese carriers, an imminent invasion of Timor and a support fleet lying in wait and thus ordered the convoy back to Darwin which it reached before noon on the 18th. ^{[8] [9] [10]}

Swan was in Darwin the next day when the Japanese attacked the port and was secured alongside Neptuna, which had a cargo that included 100 depth charges. ^[11] The ship managed to get underway and contributed fire in defence, but was heavily damaged by a near miss. The day after the attack Warrego escorted the damaged Swan through Clarence Strait. Three crew members were killed in the attack. ^[12]

On 2 September 1942 Swan with HMAS Castlemaine departed Townsville escorting Sea Witch, Taroona, Anshun and 's Jacob bound for Port Moresby and Milne Bay. HMAS Arunta joined to be the escort with Swan for Anshun and 's Jacob to Milne Bay while Castlemaine escorted Sea Witch and Taroona to Port Moresby. ^[13]

4-in twin Mk XVI guns on HMAS Swan in action, 26 February 1945

General Kenneth Eather, GOC Australian 11th Division, accepted the surrender of Japanese forces in New Ireland from General Ito on board Swan on 18 September 1945. From late 1945 to August 1948 she was used to command the RAN's minesweeping operation in Australian and New Guinean waters.

The ship received three battle honours for her wartime service: "Darwin 1942", "Pacific 1941–45", and "New Guinea 1943–44". ^{[14] [15]}

Post-war

Swan paid off to reserve on 18 August 1950, was converted to a training ship between October 1954 and February 1956 and recommissioned on 10 February 1956.

Decommissioning and fate

Swan paid off for disposal on 20 September 1962 and was sold for scrap to Hurley and Dewhurst of Sydney on 5 June 1964.

Citations

1. Bastock 1975, p. 130.
2. Hague 1993, p. 55.
3. AWM caption for photo ID Number: 301383 Archived 5 January 2009 at the Wayback Machine states that the 3 4-inch Mk V guns were replaced by twin 4-inch Mk XVI guns in positions A & X, and by a 40mm Bofors AA gun in B position"
4. Campbell 1980, p. 56.
5. Oz At War. "Pensacola Convoy (PLUM Convoy) Arriving In Australia During WWII" . Retrieved 19 May 2013.
6. Gill 1957, p. 551.
7. Gill 1957, p. 520.
8. Gill 1957, pp. 581, 585.
9. Office Of Naval Intelligence 1943, pp. 36–37.
10. Masterson 1949, p. 26.
11. "MV Neptuna - Loss of by Japanese Aircraft".
12. Gill 1957, pp. 589–590, 592, 594, 602.
13. Gill 1968, p. 171.
14. "Navy Marks 109th Birthday With Historic Changes To Battle Honours". Royal Australian Navy. 1 March 2010. Archived from the original on 13 June 2011. Retrieved 23 December 2012.
15. "Royal Australian Navy Ship/Unit Battle Honours" (PDF). Royal Australian Navy. 1 March 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 June 2011. Retrieved 23 December 2012.

References

• Bastock, John (1975). Australia's Ships of War. Cremorne, NSW: Angus and Robertson. ISBN   0-207-12927-4. OCLC   2525523.
• Campbell, N. J. M. (1980). "Great Britain (including Empire Forces)". In Chesneau, Roger (ed.). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1922–1946. Greenwich, UK: Conway Maritime Press. pp. 2–85. ISBN   0-85177-146-7.
• Colledge, J. J.; Warlow, Ben & Bush, Steve (2020). Ships of the Royal Navy: The Complete Record of all Fighting Ships of the Royal Navy from the 15th Century to the Present (5th revised and updated ed.). Barnsley, UK: Seaforth Publishing. ISBN   978-1-5267-9327-0.
• Gill, G. Hermon (1957). Royal Australian Navy, 1939–1942. Australia in the War of 1939–1945. Series 2 – Navy. Vol. 1. Canberra: Australian War Memorial. OCLC   848228.
• Gill, G. Hermon (1968). Royal Australian Navy 1939–1942. Australia in the War of 1939–1945. Series 2 – Navy. Vol. 2. Canberra: Australian War Memorial. OCLC   65475.
• Hague, Arnold (1993). Sloops: A History of the 71 Sloops Built in Britain and Australia for the British, Australian and Indian Navies 1926–1946. Kendal, UK: World Ship Society. ISBN   0-905617-67-3.
• Masterson, Dr. James R. (1949). U. S. Army Transportation In The Southwest Pacific Area 1941–1947. Washington, D. C.: Transportation Unit, Historical Division, Special Staff, U. S. Army.
• Office Of Naval Intelligence – United States Navy (1943). The Java Sea Campaign. Combat Narratives. Washington, DC: United States Navy.

Further reading

• Gillett, Ross (1977). Warships of Australia. MacDougall, Anthony; Graham, Colin (illustrations). Adelaide, SA: Rigby. ISBN   0727004727. OCLC   4466019.

External links

• HMAS Swan (II) RAN Ship Histories