Harry Mendell

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Harry Mendell
NationalityAmerican
Alma mater University of Pennsylvania, 1976
OccupationInventor of first digital sampling synthesizer
Spouse(s)Elizabeth Olshin
Relativesson, Harris Mendell

Harry Mendell is an American inventor and computer designer. In the 1970s and 1980s he worked in electronics, specifically with computers and music. He invented the first digital sampling synthesizer. The American musician Stevie Wonder bought Mendell's invention, the Computer Music Melodian and used it on a documentary soundtrack and corresponding soundtrack album inspired by the book The Secret Life of Plants . Wonder worked with Mendell for almost a decade, including almost all the tracks that are on the soundtrack album The Woman in Red , for which Mendell won a Platinum record. Mendell also worked with Bon Jovi.

Contents

In the late 1980s onwards, Mendell moved into conceptualizing and designing computer algorithms for international finance, and became an expert on global risk management, option trading and volatility research, as well as machine learning and natural language processing.

1970s

As an undergraduate at the University of Pennsylvania in the 1970s, Mendell took a course during which he studied the Moog synthesizer, an analog synthesizer. He became curious about how a synthesizer could be adapted to computing. His university thesis was on computer vision, and he designed a solid-state imaging system, which was one of the first to be invented. Mendell graduated from the University of Pennsylvania in 1976, and at about the same time he invented the first digital sampling synthesizer, while working at the Annenberg Center for Communication. [1]

At Bell Labs from 1976 to 1984, Mendell worked as part of a group developing the Unix system; commenting about this research in the 2013 University of Pennsylvania interview, he said, "I actually developed a chip for managing memory, and it's still the same system they use."

1980s

In 1980, on National Public Radio, Mendell was interviewed about the "Computer Music Melodian", his digital sampling synthesizer. [2] This consisted of a small computer attached to a synthesizer, an amplifier, and a tape deck; Mendell commented, "It can take any sound, and it can store that sound in its memory, and then it can sound like whatever you entered into it. So it can sound like any musical instrument, or it can take sounds which aren't from music instruments, like a bird singing, and make that into a musical instrument." When asked what the Melodian could be used for, Mendell explained that, "A good example is what Stevie Wonder did with it in "The Secret Life of Plants"; he wanted to be able to have birds singing a melody which he wrote." Mendell was referring to the 1979 soundtrack album Stevie Wonder's Journey Through "The Secret Life of Plants" . The Melodian plays a major role in the track "Don't Drive Drunk", which was used in a public service announcement on nationwide television.

In 1984, The New York Times featured an article about two new electronic instruments that were each a keyboard and software combination, designed to work with a home computer, the Commodore 64. One of the two instruments reviewed was Mandell's "Melodian". The review noted that the Melodian had a keyboard of nearly three and a half octaves, and could produce the sounds of 19 different musical instruments, "from the bagpipe to the violin, with calliope, flute, harpsichord, mandolin and organ, as well as various synthesizers and claviers". Also available was "RhythmMaster", a teaching tool to help a beginning musician with various aspects of performing and understanding music. The New York Times review said that RhythmMaster "is one piece of educational software that, unlike most of its kinfolk, actually delivers." [3]

In 1987, The New York Times ran a long (988 word) article describing "the merging of digital audio recording technology with satellite telecommunications". In a session arranged by Mendell, the Kaufmann Astoria Studios in Queens were linked with a studio in Los Angeles in real time, so that Stevie Wonder, with the producer Quincy Jones in Los Angeles were able lay down a harmonica track onto a piece of music (the theme of the television series Moonlighting ). Then in the same session, Nile Rodgers in Queens added guitar to Stevie Wonder's song, Stop, Don't Pass Go". [4]

Mendell worked with Bon Jovi on the 1986 album Slippery When Wet ; on the album his name is listed in an acknowledgement.

Late 1980s and 1990s

In about 1986, Mendell moved into working in the financial sector, creating algorithms for trading options and managing risk. In 1997, Mendell co-authored (with 15 other financial experts including Peter Carr, the first author) a scholarly article called "Towards a Theory of Volatility Trading"; the abstract includes the statement, "The primary purpose of this article is to review three methods which have emerged for trading realized volatility." [5]

In approximately 1996, the website Risk.net published a news piece, "Morgan Stanley Enters 'Phase Two' Of Global Risk Strategy" which describes Mendell as "Morgan's head of global market risk technology". Mendell comments, "Understanding our risk is strategic to our business. We need to be extremely precise about risk." He explains that Morgan Stanley has developed the ability to do globally consolidated VAR calculation daily, and in phase two they would develop the ability to do those calculations in real time: "Without this type of analysis, you're really going by the seat of your pants to know what kind of exposure the firm is taking.". [6]

2000s

In July 2001, Cambridge University Press published a hardback book (686 pages) called "Handbooks in Mathematical Finance: Option Pricing, Interest Rates and Risk Management". On page 475 in a chapter by P. Carr and D. Madan, there is an acknowledgement to Mendell (and 16 others) for "useful discussions". [7]

In 2002, on the website GlobalInvestorMagazine.com an article entitled "On the Road with Apogee" asked, "What do Stevie Wonder, John Bon Jovi and hedge funds have in common?" and went on to explain that Mendell and his partner Sam Glassman had started a hedge fund, "Apogee Fund Management". [8]

In May, 2003, a scholarly paper on "Trading Autocorrelation" by Peter Carr was published. Harry Mendell (and 11 others) were thanked in the paper for "helpful comments".

Harris Mendell

Harry Mendell's son, Harris Mendell, is a musician, a singer/songwriter and guitarist in the band Sundials. [9]

Related Research Articles

Electronic music is music that employs electronic musical instruments, digital instruments, or circuitry-based music technology in its creation. It includes both music made using electronic and electromechanical means. Pure electronic instruments depended entirely on circuitry-based sound generation, for instance using devices such as an electronic oscillator, theremin, or synthesizer. Electromechanical instruments can have mechanical parts such as strings, hammers, and electric elements including magnetic pickups, power amplifiers and loudspeakers. Such electromechanical devices include the telharmonium, Hammond organ, electric piano and the electric guitar.

Stevie Wonder American musician and record producer

Stevland Hardaway Morris, known professionally as Stevie Wonder, is an American singer, songwriter, musician and record producer. Wonder is credited as a pioneer and influence by musicians across a range of genres that includes rhythm and blues, pop, soul, gospel, funk, and jazz. A virtual one-man band, his use of synthesizers and other electronic musical instruments during the 1970s reshaped the conventions of R&B. He also helped drive the genre into the album era, crafting his LPs as cohesive, consistent socially conscious statements with complex compositions.

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Fairlight CMI Digital audio workstation

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Sample-based synthesis is a form of audio synthesis that can be contrasted to either subtractive synthesis or additive synthesis. The principal difference with sample-based synthesis is that the seed waveforms are sampled sounds or instruments instead of fundamental waveforms such as sine and saw waves used in other types of synthesis.

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<i>Stevie Wonders Journey Through "The Secret Life of Plants"</i> 1979 soundtrack album by Stevie Wonder

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<i>Innervisions</i> 1973 studio album by Stevie Wonder

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<i>Music of My Mind</i> 1972 studio album by Stevie Wonder

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References

  1. ↑ University of Pennsylvania website, The Pennsylvania Gazette, Music, Synthesizing Music and Science", by Nate Chinen, 2013 accessed 2014-5-20
  2. ↑ Soundcloud website, Harry Mendell, "Computer Music Melodian interview on NPR 1980!" accessed 2014-5-20
  3. ↑ New York Times website, The New York Times, published December 4, 1984, Science section, "Personal Computers: Now every desktop can be a concert hall" by Erik Sandberg-Diment, accessed 2014-5-20
  4. ↑ New York Times website, New York Times Archive, Published: March 4, 1987, "Business technology - Advances in Recording; Harmony of art and science lifts a music industry barrier" by Peter H. Lewis, accessed 2014-5-20
  5. ↑ Website CiteSeerx, "Towards a Theory of Volatility Trading (1997), accessed 2014-5-23
  6. ↑ website Risk.net, "Morgan Stanley Enters Phase Two Of Global Risk Strategy" Page 5 of 15, Accessed 2014-5-23
  7. ↑ Book, 2001, "Handbooks in Mathematical Finance: Option Pricing, Interest Rates and Risk Management" edited by Elyes Jouini, Jaksa Cvitanic & Marek Musiela, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. Part three: Risk Management and Hedging, Towards a Theory of Volatility Trading, by P. Carr and D. Madan, Accessed 2014-5-23
  8. ↑ website globalinvestormagazine.com, November 2002, page 58 "On the road with Apogee" by Maha Khan Phillips.
  9. ↑ website rvamag.com RVA magazine, Articles, RVA No 12: Sundials, March 26, 2013 accessed 2014-5-25
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