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| Type | Stew |
|---|---|
| Place of origin | Netherlands, Germany |
| Main ingredients | Rabbit or hare, onions, wine |
Hasenpfeffer is a traditional Dutch and German stew made from marinated rabbit or hare, [1] [2] cut into stewing-meat sized pieces and braised with onions and a marinade made from wine and vinegar. [3]
Hase is German for "hare" and Pfeffer is German for "pepper" [4] although in the culinary context it refers generically to the spices and seasonings in a dish overall, as with the German ginger cookies called Pfeffernüsse.[ citation needed ] Seasonings typically include fresh cracked black pepper or whole peppercorns, along with salt, onions, garlic, lemon, sage, thyme, rosemary, allspice, juniper berries, cloves, and bay leaf.[ citation needed ]
In Dutch, the term "Hazenpeper" was first attested in 1599 and also mentioned in 1778, both as 'a dish made with the meat of a hare'. [5]
In Bavaria and Austria, the cuisines of which have been influenced by neighboring Hungarian and Czech culinary traditions, hasenpfeffer can include sweet or hot paprika.[ citation needed ]
In the Netherlands, the dish is often made with some added ontbijtkoek (also referred to as "peperkoek") to give the stew some extra flavour and texture, whereas in Germany, ginger cookies called "Pfeffernüsse" are generally used instead. [2]
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The 1932 Fleischer Studios cartoon Minnie the Moocher begins with Betty Boop getting into an argument with her strict immigrant parents when she will not eat the traditional hasenpfeffer, resulting in her running away from home.
The 1962 Looney Tunes short Shishkabugs features Yosemite Sam as a palace cook who is ordered by the king to prepare hasenpfeffer, but he does not know what hasenpfeffer is. Upon learning from a book of recipes that the main ingredient is rabbit, he sets about trying to capture Bugs Bunny for the dish. Hasenpfeffer is also mentioned in Big House Bunny .
The 1963 humorous song "Hungarian Goulash No 5", by Allan Sherman, on his album My Son, the Nut , refers to various dishes and their origins, and includes the line "Hasenpfeffer comes from Pennsylvania", a joking reference to the Pennsylvania Dutch.
In the opening credits of the American sitcom Laverne & Shirley , Laverne and Shirley recite a Yiddish-American hopscotch chant: "1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8. Schlemiel! Schlimazel! Hasenpfeffer Incorporated." [6] [7]
In D2: The Mighty Ducks , Jan's breakfast specialty is hasenpfeffer and eggs.
In the Season 9 episode of The Office titled "Dwight Christmas", Dwight suggests having an “authentic Pennsylvania Dutch Christmas” where the office workers have glühwein and hasenpfeffer.
In the 1961 song "G.I. Blues" by Elvis Presley he sings that the American occupying soldiers in Allied-occupied Germany "get hasenpfeffer and black Pumpernickel for chow"
In the song "Don't Be the Bunny" from the 2001 musical Urinetown , Mr. Cladwell sings "Hasenpfeffer's in the air."
In the 2005 musical "25th Annual Putnam County Spelling Bee," William Barfée correctly spells the word "hasenpfeffer" in the number "Magic Foot."
Louisiana Creole cuisine is a style of cooking originating in Louisiana, United States, which blends West African, French, Spanish, and Native American influences, as well as influences from the general cuisine of the Southern United States.
A mirepoix is a mixture of diced vegetables cooked with fat for a long time on low heat without coloring or browning. The ingredients are not sautéed or otherwise hard-cooked, because the intention is to sweeten rather than caramelize them. Mirepoix is a long-standing part of French cuisine and is the flavor base for a wide variety of dishes, including stocks, soups, stews, and sauces.
Irish stew or Stobhach is a stew from Ireland that is traditionally made with root vegetables and lamb or mutton, but also commonly with beef. As in all traditional folk dishes, the exact recipe is not consistent from time to time or place to place. Basic ingredients include lamb, or mutton, as well as potatoes, onions, and parsley. It may sometimes also include carrots. Irish stew is also made with kid. Irish stew is considered a national dish of Ireland.
Irish stew is a celebrated Irish dish, yet its composition is a matter of dispute. Purists maintain that the only acceptable and traditional ingredients are neck mutton chops or kid, potatoes, onions, and water. Others would add such items as carrots, turnips, and pearl barley; but the purists maintain that they spoil the true flavour of the dish. The ingredients are boiled and simmered slowly for up to two hours. Salt can be added before or after the cooking. Mutton was the dominant ingredient because the economic importance of sheep lay in their wool and milk produce, and this ensured that only old or economically non-viable animals ended up in the cooking pot, where they needed hours of slow cooking. Irish stew is the product of a culinary tradition that relied almost exclusively on cooking over an open fire. It seems that Irish stew was recognised as early as about 1800.
Sauerbraten is a traditional German roast of heavily marinated meat. It is regarded as a national dish of Germany, and is frequently served in German-style restaurants internationally. It can be cooked from a variety of meats, most often from beef, but also from chicken, lamb and mutton, pork and horse. Before cooking, the raw meat is marinated for 5 to 15 days in a mixture of wine or vinegar, water, herbs, spices, and seasonings. Usually, tougher cuts of meat, such as rump roast or bottom round of beef, are used, and the long marinating tenderizes the meat. A Sauerbraten dinner is almost always accompanied by a hearty gravy resulting from its roasting and is most often served with potato pancakes (Kartoffelpuffer), potato dumplings (Kartoffelklöße), or Spätzle.
Pennsylvania Dutch cuisine is the typical and traditional fare of the Pennsylvania Dutch.
Levantine cuisine is the traditional cuisine of the Levant, in the sense of the rough area of former Ottoman Syria. The cuisine has similarities with Egyptian cuisine, North African cuisine and Ottoman cuisine. It is particularly known for its meze spreads of hot and cold dishes, most notably among them ful medames, hummus, tabbouleh and baba ghanoush, accompanied by bread.
The cuisine of Senegal is a West African cuisine that derives from the nation's many ethnic groups, the largest being the Wolof and is French influenced. Islam, which first embraced the region in the 11th century, also plays a role in the cuisine. Senegal was a colony of France until 1960. From the time of its colonization, emigrants have brought Senegalese cuisine to many other regions.
Lobscouse is a thick Scandinavian stew made of meat and potatoes.
West African cuisine encompasses a diverse range of foods that are split between its 16 countries. In West Africa, many families grow and raise their own food, and within each there is a division of labor. Indigenous foods consist of a number of plant species and animals, and are important to those whose lifestyle depends on farming and hunting.
Hodge-podge or hotch potch is a soup or stew, usually based on diced mutton or other meat, with green and root vegetables. It is familiar in different versions in Britain and North America and is particularly associated with Scotland.
Tunisian cuisine, the cuisine of Tunisia, consists of the cooking traditions, ingredients, recipes and techniques developed in Tunisia since antiquity. It is mainly a blend of Mediterranean and native Punics-Berber cuisine. Historically, Tunisian cuisine witnessed influence and exchanges with many cultures and nations like Italians, Andalusians, French and Arabs.
Mizrahi Jewish cuisine is an assortment of cooking traditions that developed among the Mizrahi Jewish communities of the Middle East, North Africa and Central Asia. Influenced by the diverse local culinary practices of countries such as Morocco, Libya, Egypt, Iraq, Iran, Yemen, and Syria, Mizrahi cuisine prominently features rice, legumes, meats, and an array of spices such as cumin, turmeric, and coriander. Signature dishes include kubbeh (dumplings), pilafs, grilled meats, and stews like hamin.
Semur is an Indonesian meat stew braised in thick brown gravy. It is commonly found in Indonesian cuisine. The main ingredients in the gravy are sweet soy sauce, shallots, onions, garlic, ginger, candlenut, nutmeg, and cloves.
Run down, also referred to as rundown, run dun, rondón, fling-me-far, and fling mi for, is a stew dish in Jamaican cuisine and Tobago cuisine. The traditional Jamaican dish is eaten in several Latin American countries that share a coast with the Caribbean Sea.
Romani cuisine is the cuisine of the ethnic Romani people. There is no specific "Roma cuisine"; it varies and is culinarily influenced by the respective countries where they have often lived for centuries. Hence, it is influenced by European cuisine even though the Romani people originated from the Indian subcontinent. Their cookery incorporates Indian and South Asian influences, but is also very similar to Hungarian cuisine. The many cultures that the Roma contacted are reflected in their cooking, resulting in many different cuisines. Some of these cultures are Middle European, Germany, Great Britain, and Spain. The cuisine of Muslim Romani people is also influenced by Balkan cuisine and Turkish cuisine. Many Roma do not eat food prepared by a non-Roma.
A stew is a combination of solid food ingredients that have been cooked in liquid and served in the resultant gravy. Ingredients can include any combination of vegetables and may include meat, especially tougher meats suitable for slow-cooking, such as beef, pork, venison, rabbit, lamb, poultry, sausages, and seafood. While water can be used as the stew-cooking liquid, stock is also common. A small amount of red wine or other alcohol is sometimes added for flavour. Seasonings and flavourings may also be added. Stews are typically cooked at a relatively low temperature, allowing flavours to mingle.
Rabbit stew, also referred to as hare stew when hare is used, is a stew prepared using rabbit meat as a main ingredient. Stuffat tal-Fenek, a variation of rabbit stew, is the national dish of Malta. Other traditional regional preparations of the dish exist, such as coniglio all'ischitana on the island of Ischia, German Hasenpfeffer and jugged hare in Great Britain and France. Hare stew dates back to at least the 14th century, and was published in The Forme of Cury during this time as a recipe for stewed hare. Rabbit stew is a traditional dish of the Algonquin people and is also a part of the cuisine of the Greek islands. Hare stew was commercially manufactured and canned circa the early 1900s in western France and eastern Germany.
Chashushuli is a dish of Georgian cuisine. The meat is fried and then stewed with tomatoes. One of the main meat dishes of Georgian cuisine, it is less known outside Georgia than, for example, Satsivi or Chakhokhbili.