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National Socialist black metal, also known as NSBM, Aryan black metal or Neo-Nazi black metal, is a political movement within black metal music that promotes neo-Nazism and similar ideologies. NSBM artists typically combine neo-Nazi imagery and ideology with ethnic European paganism, Satanism, or Nazi occultism, or a combination thereof, and vehemently oppose Christianity, Islam and Judaism. NSBM is not seen as a distinct genre, but as a neo-völkisch movement within black metal. According to Mattias Gardell, NSBM musicians see this ideology as "a logical extension of the political and spiritual dissidence inherent in black metal".
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Graveland are a Polish Pagan Metal band which was formed in 1991 by Rob Darken. They began as a black metal band, before adopting a pagan and Viking metal style. The lyrics and imagery of Graveland are strongly inspired by European mythology, far-right politics, nature, winter and war. Their early work focused on Celtic and Slavic mythology, while their later work focuses on Norse mythology and Wotanism.
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Absurd is a German National Socialist black metal band, and has been classified as a "right-wing extremist" group by the Thuringian Landesbehörde für Verfassungsschutz.
The Artgemeinschaft Germanic Faith Community is a German Neopagan and Neo-Nazi organization founded in 1951 by Wilhelm Kusserow, a former member of the SS. In 1983, it merged with the Nordungen. From 1989 to 2009, it was headed by Jürgen Rieger.
The Allgermanische Heidnische Front (AHF) was an international neo-Nazi organisation, active during the late 1990s and early 2000s, that espoused a form of neo-völkisch Germanic Neopaganism. It grew from the Norsk Hedensk Front (NHF), which was claimed to be led and founded by the musician Varg Vikernes in 1993, although he and the organisation denied it. The program was based on his first book, Vargsmål (1994), published shortly after he was convicted for church arson and the murder of fellow musician Euronymous.
Robert Fudali, better known as Rob Darken, is a Polish musician and singer, best known for being the frontman for black metal band Graveland.
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Neo-völkisch movements, as defined by historian Nicholas Goodrick-Clarke, describes a wide variety of mutually influencing groups of a radically ethnocentric character which have emerged, especially in the English-speaking world, since World War II. These loose networks revive or imitate the völkisch movement of 19th- and early-20th-century Germany in their defensive affirmation of white identity against modernity, liberalism, immigration, multiracialism and multiculturalism. Some identify as neo-fascist, neo-Nazi, Third Positionist or alt-right while others are politicised around some form of white nationalism or identity politics and may show neo-tribalist-neo-pagan tendencies such as the one promoted by Else Christensen's Odinist Fellowship. Especially notable is the prevalence of devotional forms and esoteric themes so that neo-völkisch currents often have the character of new religious movements.
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Men, Heroes and Gay Nazis is a 2005 German documentary film directed, written and produced by Rosa von Praunheim. The film focuses on gay men who align themselves with hardcore right-wing views, white power skinheads, and Nazis.
Gottfried Küssel is an Austrian far-right political activist who also gained some notoriety in Germany. He has been a leading figure in neo-Nazism and Holocaust denial since the 1970s.
Valentina Anatolievna Shevchenko is a Kyrgyzstani-born Peruvian professional mixed martial artist and former Muay Thai fighter. She competes in the women's flyweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC), where she is the current Women's Flyweight champion. Shevchenko became champion at UFC 231 after defeating Joanna Jędrzejczyk, whom she also previously defeated three times in amateur Muay Thai bouts. Shevchenko is widely considered one of the best female fighters in the world. As of March 9, 2020, she is ranked #3 in UFC women's pound-for-pound rankings.
Far-right subcultures refers to the symbolism, ideology and traits that hold relevance to various politically extreme right-wing groups and organisations. There are three kinds of subcultures within far-right movements to distinguish: subcultural parasitism, subcultural creation around ideology and subcultures that are networking with far-right movements, as some football hooligans did with neo-nazis.
References
- ↑ Dornbusch/Killguss 2005, S. 163–164
- ↑ Dornbusch/Killguss 2005, S. 155
- ↑ Dornbusch/Killguss 2005, S. 159
- ↑ Michael Klarmann (14 February 2006). ""Unheilige Allianzen" zwischen der Musikwelt des Black Metal und jener der Neonazis". heise online . Retrieved 17 July 2010.