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Herman Melville was an American novelist, short story writer, and poet of the American Renaissance period. Among his best-known works are Moby-Dick (1851); Typee (1846), a romanticized account of his experiences in Polynesia; and Billy Budd, Sailor, a posthumously published novella. At the time of his death, Melville was no longer well known to the public, but the 1919 centennial of his birth was the starting point of a Melville revival. Moby-Dick eventually would be considered one of the great American novels.
Moby-Dick; or, The Whale is an 1851 novel by American writer Herman Melville. The book is the sailor Ishmael's narrative of the maniacal quest of Ahab, captain of the whaling ship Pequod, for vengeance against Moby Dick, the giant white sperm whale that bit off his leg on the ship's previous voyage. A contribution to the literature of the American Renaissance, Moby-Dick was published to mixed reviews, was a commercial failure, and was out of print at the time of the author's death in 1891. Its reputation as a Great American Novel was established only in the 20th century, after the 1919 centennial of its author's birth. William Faulkner said he wished he had written the book himself, and D. H. Lawrence called it "one of the strangest and most wonderful books in the world" and "the greatest book of the sea ever written". Its opening sentence, "Call me Ishmael", is among world literature's most famous.
Billy Budd, Sailor , also known as Billy Budd, Foretopman, is a novella by American writer Herman Melville, left unfinished at his death in 1891. Acclaimed by critics as a masterpiece when a hastily transcribed version was finally published in 1924, it quickly took its place as a classic second only to Moby-Dick among Melville's works. Billy Budd is a "handsome sailor" who strikes and inadvertently kills his false accuser, Master-at-arms John Claggart. The ship's Captain, Edward Vere, recognizes Billy's lack of intent, but claims that the law of mutiny requires him to sentence Billy to be hanged.
"Bartleby, the Scrivener: A Story of Wall Street" is a short story by the American writer Herman Melville, first serialized anonymously in two parts in the November and December 1853 issues of Putnam's Magazine and reprinted with minor textual alterations in his The Piazza Tales in 1856. In the story, a Wall Street lawyer hires a new clerk who, after an initial bout of hard work, refuses to make copies or do any other task required of him, refusing with the words "I would prefer not to."
Omoo: A Narrative of Adventures in the South Seas is the second book by American writer Herman Melville, first published in London in 1847, and a sequel to his first South Sea narrative Typee, also based on the author's experiences in the South Pacific. After leaving the island of Nuku Hiva, the main character ships aboard a whaling vessel that makes its way to Tahiti, after which there is a mutiny and a third of the crew are imprisoned on Tahiti. In 1949, the novel was adapted into the exploitation film Omoo-Omoo, the Shark God.
Pierre; or, The Ambiguities is the seventh book by American writer Herman Melville, first published in New York in 1852. The novel, which uses many conventions of Gothic fiction, develops the psychological, sexual, and family tensions between Pierre Glendinning; his widowed mother; Glendinning Stanley, his cousin; Lucy Tartan, his fiancée; and Isabel Banford, who is revealed to be his half-sister. According to scholar Henry A. Murray, in writing Pierre Melville "purposed to write his spiritual autobiography in the form of a novel" rather than to experiment and incidentally work some personal experience into the novel.
Benito Cereno is a novella by Herman Melville, a fictionalized account about the revolt on a Spanish slave ship captained by Don Benito Cereno, first published in three installments in Putnam's Monthly in 1855. The tale, slightly revised, was included in his short story collection The Piazza Tales that appeared in May 1856. According to scholar Merton M. Sealts Jr., the story is "an oblique comment on those prevailing attitudes toward blacks and slavery in the United States that would ultimately precipitate civil war between North and South". The famous question of what had cast such a shadow upon Cereno was used by American author Ralph Ellison as an epigraph to his 1952 novel Invisible Man, excluding Cereno's answer, "The negro." Over time, Melville's story has been "increasingly recognized as among his greatest achievements".
The Piazza Tales is a collection of six short stories by American writer Herman Melville, published by Dix & Edwards in the United States in May 1856 and in Britain in June. Except for the newly written title story, "The Piazza," all of the stories had appeared in Putnam's Monthly between 1853 and 1855. The collection includes what have long been regarded as three of Melville's most important achievements in the genre of short fiction, "Bartleby, the Scrivener", "Benito Cereno", and "The Encantadas", his sketches of the Galápagos Islands.
"The Encantadas, or Enchanted Isles", is a novella by American author Herman Melville. First published in Putnam's Magazine in 1854, it consists of eleven philosophical "Sketches" on the Galápagos Islands, then frequently known as the "Enchanted Islands" from the treacherous winds and currents around them. It was collected in The Piazza Tales in 1856. The Encantadas was a success with the critics and contains some of Melville's "most memorable prose".
"Isle of the Cross" is a possible unpublished and lost work by Herman Melville, which would have been his eighth book, coming after the commercial and critical failures of Moby-Dick (1851) and Pierre: or, The Ambiguities (1852). Melville biographer Hershel Parker suggests that the work, perhaps a novel, perhaps a story, was what had been known as the "story of Agatha," completed around May 1853. He further suggests that finishing the work showed that Melville had not, as many biographers argued, been discouraged and turned away from fiction.
The bibliography of Herman Melville includes magazine articles, book reviews, other occasional writings, and 15 books. Of these, seven books were published between 1846 and 1853, seven more between 1853 and 1891, and one in 1924. Melville was 26 when his first book was published, and his last book was not released until 33 years after his death. At the time of his death he was on the verge of completing the manuscript for his first novel in three decades, Billy Budd, and had accumulated several large folders of unpublished verse.
"Hawthorne and His Mosses" (1850) is an essay and critical review by Herman Melville of the short story collection Mosses from an Old Manse written by Nathaniel Hawthorne in 1846. Published pseudonymously by "a Virginian spending July in Vermont", it appeared in The Literary World magazine in two issues: August 17 and August 24, 1850. It has been called the "most famous literary manifesto of the American nineteenth century."
Daniel Pinckney Parker was a prominent American merchant, shipbuilder, and businessman in 19th-century Boston, Massachusetts.
Stanley Thomas Williams was a scholar who helped to establish the study of American literature as an academic field during his teaching career at Yale University. In 1935 he was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship. His most notable publication is a two-volume biography of Washington Irving but he is best remembered for changing the study of Herman Melville by strategically directing doctoral dissertations on his life and works.
George Thomas Tanselle is an American textual critic, bibliographer, and book collector, especially known for his work on Herman Melville. He was Vice President of the John Simon Guggenheim Foundation from 1978 to 2006.
Battle-Pieces and Aspects of the War is the first book of poetry of the American author Herman Melville. Published by Harper & Brothers of New York in 1866, the volume is dedicated "To the Memory of the Three Hundred Thousand Who in the War For the Maintenance of the Union Fell Devotedly Under the Flag of Their Fathers" and its 72 poems deal with the battles and personalities of the American Civil War and their aftermath. Also included are Notes and a Supplement in prose in which Melville sets forth his thoughts on how the Post-war Reconstruction should be carried out.
John Marr and Other Sailors is a volume of poetry published by Herman Melville in 1888. Melville published twenty-five copies at his own expense, indicating that they were intended for family and friends. Henry Chapin wrote in an introduction to a reprint that "Melville's loveable freshness of personality is everywhere in evidence, in the voice of a true poet".
Harrison Mosher Hayford was a scholar of American literature, most prominently of Herman Melville, a book-collector, and a textual editor. He taught at Northwestern University from 1942 until his retirement in 1986. He was a leading figure in the post-World War II generation of Melville scholars who mounted the Melville Revival. He was General Editor of the Northwestern-Newberry The Writings of Herman Melville published by Northwestern University Press, which established reliable texts for all of Melville's works by using techniques of textual criticism.
Sarah Morewood (1823–1863) was a poet and literary figure who developed a close relationship in the 1850s with her nearest neighbor in the Berkshires, the novelist Herman Melville. In 1983 Professor Michael Rogin of the University of California, Berkeley, was the first to suggest that Morewood was a model for the character of Isabel in Melville's dark novel of romance and ambition Pierre; or, The Ambiguities (1852). Thirty-three years later biographer Michael Shelden argued in Melville in Love (2016) that Morewood influenced Melville's work not only in Pierre, but also in Moby-Dick (1851), and that for much of the 1850s the two were lovers.
Walter E. Bezanson was a scholar and critic of American literature best known for his studies of Herman Melville and contributions to the Melville revival that restored the writer to prominence in the 1940s and 1950s. Bezanson's research and editorial work rescued from neglect Mevlille's unappreciated epic poem, Clarel, and he published essays on Moby-Dick that were widely cited and reprinted.
References
- ↑ Moncure, Sue Swyers (1997). "Hershel Parker's 'Melville' a whale of a biography". University of Delaware Messenger. Newark, DE: University of Delaware. 6 (2). OCLC 25117937 . Retrieved January 8, 2011.
- ↑ Parker, Hershel (January 26, 2011). "Fragments from a Writing Desk: The Footsteps Theory of Biography". Hershel Parker's Blog. Retrieved January 27, 2011.
- ↑ David Weddle (2003), "Lights, Camera, Action. Marxism, Semiotics, Narratology: Film School Isn't What It Used to Be, One Father Discovers. The Los Angeles Times, July 13, 2003; accessed 24 Jan 2016
- ↑ Parker, Hershel (August 11, 2014). "The Tryon County Patriots of 1775 and Their 'Association'". Journal of the American Revolution. Retrieved October 11, 2014.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help). - ↑ Parker, Hershel (October 8, 2014). "Fanning Outfoxes Marion". Journal of the American Revolution. Retrieved October 11, 2014.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help). - ↑ Schwartz, Larry. "The Professional/Scholarly Publishing Division of the Association of American Publishers Outstanding Professional & Scholarly Titles" . Retrieved January 8, 2011.
- ↑ Contributor biographical information for Hershel Parker. OCLC 141484496.
- ↑ "Product Details - Herman Melville, A Biography, Volume 1, 1819-1851". Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins University Press . Retrieved January 17, 2011.
- ↑ "The Johns Hopkins University Press - 2009 Press News Archive". Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins University Press . Retrieved January 17, 2011.
- ↑ "Books to Watch Out For: January Preview". The New Yorker . 2013-01-03. Retrieved 2013-04-02.
- ↑ Rollyson, Carl (2013-03-29). "Book Review: Melville Biography: An Inside Narrative - WSJ.com". Online.wsj.com. Retrieved 2013-04-02.
- ↑ Melville, Herman (1997). Oeuvres: Taipi, Omou, Mardi. Bibliotheque de la Pleiade. ISBN 2-07-010681-0.
- ↑ Melville, Herman (2006). Reading Melville's "Pierre; or, The Ambiguities". Louisiana State University Press. ISBN 9780807132265.
- ↑ Cain, William E.; Parker, Hershel; Newman, Charles (Winter 1985). "Review: Texts, Economics, Knowledge". American Quarterly. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press. 37 (5): 762–767. doi:10.2307/2712623. ISSN 0003-0678. JSTOR 2712623. OCLC 480215117.
Reviewed work(s): Flawed Texts and Verbal Icons: Literary Authority in American Fiction by Hershel Parker; The Post-Modern Aura: The Act of Fiction in an Age of Inflation by Charles Newman
- ↑ Leitz, III, Robert C.; Parker, Hershel (March 1987). "Review". American Literature. Durham, NC: Duke University Press. 59 (1): 127–129. doi:10.2307/2926496. ISSN 0002-9831. JSTOR 2926496. OCLC 483449493.
Review of Flawed Texts and Verbal Icons: Literary Authority in American Fiction
- ↑ Bushell, Sally (2009). Text as Process: Creative Composition in Wordsworth, Tennyson, and Dickinson. University of Virginia Press. ISBN 978-0-8139-2774-9.
- ↑ Engen, John Van (1994). Past and Future of Medieval Studies. University of Notre Dame Press. ISBN 0-268-03801-5.
- ↑ Jack, Alison M (1999). Texts Reading Texts Sacred and Secular 2: Two Postmodern Perspectives. Sheffield. ISBN 1-85075-954-5.
- ↑ Kawashima, Robert S (2007). "Comparative Literature and Biblical Studies: The Case of Allusion". Prooftexts. 27 (2): 324–344. doi:10.2979/PFT.2007.27.2.324. S2CID 171042463.
- ↑ Machan, Tim William (1994). Textual Criticism and Middle English Texts . University of Virginia Press.
- ↑ Meyer, Michael J (2002). Literature and Music. Rodopi.
- ↑ O’Hara, James J. (2005). "Trying Not to Cheat: Responses to Inconsistencies in Roman Epic". Transactions of the American Philological Association. 135 (1): 15–33. doi:10.1353/apa.2005.0012. S2CID 162855148.
- ↑ Shillingsburg, Peter L. (1996). Scholarly Editing in the Computer Age: Theory and Practice, 3rd edition. University of Michigan Press.
