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Holly Lang is a New York-based writer, editor and consultant. She was the founding editor of Pine Magazine, [1] an award-winning online-only publication based in Atlanta. She has worked as a reporter for publications and news outlets, including the Birmingham Post-Herald, Southeast Performer and The Associated Press.
Andre Romelle Young, known professionally as Dr. Dre, is an American rapper, songwriter, record producer, entrepreneur, record executive, actor, and audio engineer. He is the founder and CEO of Aftermath Entertainment and Beats Electronics, and was previously co-owner of Death Row Records. Dr. Dre began his career as a member of the World Class Wreckin' Cru in 1985, but found fame with the influential gangsta rap group N.W.A, which popularized explicit lyrics in rap to detail the violence of street life. He is credited as a key figure in the crafting and popularization of West Coast G-funk, a subgenre of hip hop characterized by a synthesizer foundation and slow, heavy beats. He was the second-richest figure in hip hop as of 2018 with an estimated net worth of US$800 million.
N.W.A was an American hip hop group from Compton, California. They were among the earliest and most significant popularizers and controversial figures of the gangsta rap subgenre, and are widely considered one of the greatest and most influential groups in the history of hip hop music.
Christopher George Latore Wallace, widely known by his stage name The Notorious B.I.G., or, more commonly among the familiar, Biggie Smalls or simply Biggie, was an American rapper, in the New York and gangsta rap traditions, who ranks among the greatest rappers ever. With a lyrical delivery laidback yet slick, belying the lyrics' often grim content and his own intimidating appearance, his songs were often semi-autobiographical, telling of hardship and criminality, but also of debauchery and celebration.
O'Shea Jackson, known professionally by his stage name Ice Cube, is an American rapper, actor, producer, director and writer. Ice Cube initially gained recognition in 1986 as a member of the hip hop group N.W.A., which gained commercial success prior to disbanding around the time N.W.A formed. Ice Cube, alongside Dr. Dre and Eazy E, formed the group N.W.A, where he gained extreme notoriety as the group's primary songwriter and performer, noted for becoming one of the founding artists of gangsta rap, and pushing the boundaries of lyrical content in mainstream popular music, as well as visual imagery in music videos.
Warren Griffin III, known by his stage name Warren G, is an American rapper, songwriter, record producer and DJ, known as one of the pioneers of West Coast hip hop. Griffin's career began in the early 1990s as part of the California hip-hop trio 213 alongside Nate Dogg and Snoop Dogg, but he is best known for his work as a solo artist, most notably for his hit single "Regulate" featuring Nate Dogg, as well as his first two studio albums, Take a Look Over Your Shoulder and Regulate...G Funk Era, which are certified gold and triple platinum respectively by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).
Eric Lynn Wright, known professionally as Eazy-E, was an American rapper and rap mogul who propelled West Coast rap and gangsta rap by leading the group N.W.A and its label, Ruthless Records, pushing the boundaries of lyrical content.
East Coast hip hop is a regional subgenre of hip hop music that originated in New York City during the 1970s. Hip hop is recognized to have originated and evolved first in the Bronx, New York; East Coast hip hop only became a distinct subgenre after artists from other regions of the United States emerged with different styles.
West Coast hip hop is a regional genre of hip hop music that encompasses any artists or music that originated in the West Coast region of the United States. West Coast Hip-Hop began to dominate from a radio play and sales standpoint during the early to-mid 1990s with the birth of G-Funk and the emergence of record labels such as Suge Knight and Dr Dre's Death Row Records, Ice Cube's Lench Mob Records and the continued success of Eazy-E's Ruthless Records and others.
The Chronic is the debut studio album by American hip hop producer and rapper Dr. Dre. It was released on December 15, 1992, by his own record label Death Row Records and distributed by Interscope Records. Recording sessions for the album took place in June 1992 at Death Row Studios in Los Angeles and at Bernie Grundman Mastering in Hollywood. The album is named after a slang term for high-grade cannabis, and its cover is an homage to Zig-Zag rolling papers. It was Dr. Dre's first solo album after he had departed from hip hop group N.W.A and its label Ruthless Records over a financial dispute.
Death Row was an American record label founded in 1991 by Suge Knight, Dr. Dre, The D.O.C. and Dick Griffey. The label became a sensation by releasing multi-platinum hip-hop albums by West Coast-based artists such as Dr. Dre, Snoop Dogg (Doggystyle), Tha Dogg Pound, and Tupac Shakur during the 1990s. At its peak, Death Row was making over US$100 million a year.
Todd Anthony Shaw, better known by the stage name Too Short, is an American rapper and record producer famous for his rap lyrics' focus on pimping, promiscuity, drug culture, street survival, as in the songs "The Ghetto" and "Blow the Whistle".
The Source is an American hip hop and entertainment website, and a magazine that publishes annually or semiannually. It is the world's longest-running rap periodical, being founded as a newsletter in 1988.
Vibe is an American music and entertainment magazine founded by producer Quincy Jones. The publication predominantly features R&B and hip hop music artists, actors and other entertainers. After shutting down production in Summer 2009, Vibe was purchased by the private equity investment fund InterMedia Partners and is now issued bi-monthly with double covers, with a larger online presence. The magazine's target demographic is predominantly young, urban followers of hip hop culture. In 2014, the magazine moved online-only.
2001 is the second studio album by rapper and hip hop producer Dr. Dre. It was released on November 16, 1999, by Aftermath Entertainment as the follow-up to his 1992 debut album The Chronic. The album was produced mainly by Dr. Dre and Mel-Man, as well as Lord Finesse, and features several guest contributions from fellow American rappers such as The D.O.C., Hittman, Snoop Dogg, Kurupt, Xzibit, Eminem, and Nate Dogg. 2001 exhibits an expansion on Dre's debut G-funk sound and contains gangsta rap themes such as violence, promiscuity, drug use, street gangs, sex and crime.
The Firm was an American hip hop supergroup that formed in New York City in 1996. It was created by rapper Nas, his manager Steve Stoute, producer Dr. Dre and production team the Trackmasters. The group was composed of East Coast-based rappers Nas, Foxy Brown, AZ and also Nature, who served as a replacement for Cormega after he was ousted from the group.
The Album is the only studio album by American hip hop group The Firm. It was released on October 21, 1997 by Aftermath Entertainment and Interscope Records. The project was created by rapper Nas, his manager Steve Stoute and producers Dr. Dre and Trackmasters, who came up with the idea of forming a hip hop supergroup. The original line-up included Nas, AZ, Foxy Brown and Cormega who were all featured on the song "Affirmative Action" from Nas' album It Was Written (1996). However, Cormega later left the group due to artistic differences between him and Nas, as well as contract disagreements with Stoute. He was replaced by Nature prior to recording of the album. The Album is a concept album that revolves around the themes of mafia and "gangsta" lifestyle. The songs on the album were mainly produced by Dr. Dre, Chris "The Glove" Taylor and Trackmasters, and feature guest vocals from Pretty Boy, Wizard, Canibus, Dawn Robinson, Noreaga and Half-a-Mill.
"Bitches Ain't Shit" is an American rap song, never issued as a single, yet a favorite among rap fans, a huge underground hit, that closes Dr. Dre's debut solo album, The Chronic, released, as Death Row Records' first album, in December 1992. The next year, in discussing some deeds, debate, and protest that the song had sparked, then rap journalist Dream Hampton incidentally called it, in the rap genre, "the best song on the best album of a pretty slow year." Billboard magazine notes, however, "the misogyny is ugly and thick, even for a rap record," as "women are treated like disposable sperm receptacles." The song evokes a group of male acquaintances who each imparts to the presumably male listener a saga or some wisdom showing or advising that "bitches," although sources of sexual activity and sometimes of money, are deceitful and traitorous, just "hos and tricks."
Anthony Johnson better known by his stage name Slim The Mobster is a Los Angeles-based rapper signed to Gang Module Records and formerly Aftermath Entertainment. Slim The Mobster was known as Dr. Dre's new protégé. Johnson's manager is John Monopoly, who ushered in Kanye West's rapping career. His influence includes gangsta rap acts like The D.O.C and The Notorious B.I.G. He took his rap name from notorious pimp Fillmore Slim and from being in the trap having the mindset of a Mobster.
The life and work of American singer Madonna have generated various academic study material. This is a list containing the different written works about Madonna, including biographies, journals, articles, essays and theses. According to critic Paul Northup who wrote in Third Way magazine, "Eminent authors and academics have pored over her tirelessly since she burst onto the pop scene in the early Eighties."
It Was Written is the second studio album by American rapper Nas, released July 2, 1996 on Columbia Records in the United States. Following the moderate sales success of his acclaimed debut album, Illmatic (1994), Nas chose to focus his efforts in a more mainstream direction. Primarily produced by Trackmasters, it is a departure for him from the raw, underground tone of his debut album towards a more polished, mainstream sound. The album features mafioso and gangsta themes, and marks the first appearance of Nas's short-lived supergroup The Firm, which included rappers Foxy Brown, AZ, and Cormega.
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