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The history of Saudi Arabia as a nation state began with the emergence of the Al Saud dynasty in central Arabia in 1727 and the subsequent establishment of the Emirate of Diriyah. Pre-Islamic Arabia, the territory that constitutes modern Saudi Arabia, was the site of several ancient cultures and civilizations; the prehistory of Saudi Arabia shows some of the earliest traces of human activity in the world.
Abdulaziz bin Abdul Rahman Al Saud, known in the West as Ibn Saud, was an Arab political and religious leader who founded Saudi Arabia – the third Saudi state – and reigned as its first king from 23 September 1932 until his death in 1953. He had ruled parts of the kingdom since 1902, having previously been Emir, Sultan, and King of Nejd, and King of Hejaz.
Faisal bin Abdulaziz Al Saud was a Saudi Arabian statesman and diplomat who was King of Saudi Arabia from 2 November 1964 until his assassination in 1975. Prior to his ascension, he served as Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia from 9 November 1953 to 2 November 1964, and he was briefly regent to his half-brother King Saud in 1964. He was prime minister from 1954 to 1960 and from 1962 to 1975. Faisal was the third son of King Abdulaziz, the founder of modern Saudi Arabia.
Saud bin Abdulaziz Al Saud was King of Saudi Arabia from 9 November 1953 until his abdication on 2 November 1964. During his reign, he served as Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia from 1953 to 1954 and from 1960 to 1962. Prior to his ascension, Saud was the country's crown prince from 11 May 1933 to 9 November 1953. He was the second son of King Abdulaziz, the founder of Saudi Arabia.
The House of Saud is the ruling royal family of Saudi Arabia. It is composed of the descendants of Muhammad bin Saud, founder of the Emirate of Diriyah, known as the First Saudi state (1727–1818), and his brothers, though the ruling faction of the family is primarily led by the descendants of Abdulaziz bin Abdul Rahman, the modern founder of Saudi Arabia. It forms a subtribe of the larger prominent ancient Banu Hanifa tribe of Arabia, of which well known 7th century Arabian theologist Maslama ibn Ḥabīb originates. The most influential position of the royal family is the King of Saudi Arabia, an absolute monarch. The family in total is estimated to comprise some 15,000 members; however, the majority of power, influence and wealth is possessed by a group of about 2,000 of them. Some estimates of the royal family's wealth measure their net worth at $1.4 trillion. This figure includes the market capitalization of Saudi Aramco, the state oil and gas company, and its vast assets in fossil fuel reserves.
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Seeta bint Abdulaziz Al Saud was a daughter of King Abdulaziz of Saudi Arabia and the younger full-sister of King Abdullah.
Muhammad bin Saud Al Muqrin, also known as Ibn Saud, was the emir of Diriyah and is considered the founder of the First Saudi State and the Saud dynasty, which are named for his father, Saud bin Muhammad Al Muqrin. His reign lasted between 1727 and 1765.
Hessa bint Trad Al Shaalan is a Saudi royal and the wife of King Abdullah who was the ruler of Saudi Arabia between 2005 and 2015. There are many reports stating that she was his favourite spouse.
Abdullah bin Suleiman Al Hamdan, commonly known as Abdullah Suleiman and also by his nickname Wazīr Kullī Shaīʾ, was the treasurer and long-term as well as first finance minister of Saudi Arabia (1932–1955). He was named "the minister of everything" due to his involvement in nearly all state affairs which included agriculture, transportation and mining resources among the others. During the reign of King Abdulaziz he was the most significant non-royal official.
Jiluwi bin Turki Al Saud (1819–1875) was one of the children of Turki bin Abdullah who ruled the Emirate of Najd between 1819 and 1834 with an interruption from 1820 to 1824.
References
- 1 2 Benthall, Jonathan; Lacey, Robert (2014-12-31). Gulf Charities and Islamic Philanthropy in the 'Age of Terror' and Beyond. ISD LLC. ISBN 978-3-940924-92-6.
- ↑ Ulrichsen, Kristian Coates (2016), Ulrichsen, Kristian Coates (ed.), "The Internationalisation of Gulf Finance", The Gulf States in International Political Economy, International Political Economy Series, London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, pp. 103–129, doi:10.1057/9781137385611_6, ISBN 978-1-137-38561-1 , retrieved 2022-02-18
- ↑ Mogielnicki, Robert (2021), Mogielnicki, Robert (ed.), "Elite Embeddedness in Free Zone Development", A Political Economy of Free Zones in Gulf Arab States, International Political Economy Series, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 133–164, doi:10.1007/978-3-030-71274-7_5, ISBN 978-3-030-71274-7, S2CID 234902015 , retrieved 2022-02-18
- ↑ Alsubaie, Mohammed (2012-01-01). "Corporate crimes committed during the phase of incorporation of companies in Saudi Arabia: a legal analysis". University of Wollongong Thesis Collection 1954-2016.
