Hridayshah | |
---|---|
Raja of Garha Kingdom | |
Reign | 1634–1668 |
Predecessor | Prem Narain |
Successor | Chhatra Shah |
Dynasty | Rajgond |
Father | Prem Narain |
Hridayshah, also called Hirde Shah, [1] [2] was the 54th and last great king of Garha-Mandla. Hridayshah was a great patron and lover of music, and wrote the musical compostions of "Hriday Koutuk" and "Hriday Prakash" in 1660. [3] [4] [5] He moved his kingdom's capital from Chouragarh to Ramnagar of Mandla district to secure it from Bundela attacks. [6] [7]
When Madhukar Shah, Chandra Shah's successor committed suicide, Prem Narain, his eldest son who was in Delhi at the imperial court, rushed back to Garha. While going, he left his eldest son Hirde Shah at the court. Jhujhar Singh of Orchha invaded and killed Prem Narain by treachery and his cunning. [2] However, Hridayshah retook the kingdom from Jhujhar Singh with Mughal interference and help. [2] [1]
Hridayshah was a great and able Gond ruler. [7] He maintained friendly relations with the Mughals, he spent days at the imperial court in Delhi as well.
As Eyre Chatterton describes-
"The Gond king, Hirde Shah, was clearly a man of this world. His days in Delhi, where at the Emperor's court he mixed with many of the leading princes of India, had made him feel the force of pride of race."
— The Story of Gondwana [2]
He had a keen interest in taking care of animals, especially tigers, of whom he had 16. A genealogy of the Gond kings of Mandla was prepared by a Hindu named Jaya Govinda on his orders in Sanskrit on a tablet, now found on the walls of the Gond royal palace at Ramnagar, near Mandla. [1] During the reign of Mughal emperor Shah Jahan, Pahad Singh Bundela of Orchha attacked Hirde Shah, hence he shifted his capital to Mandla. [8] [9] This was the second time the Bundelas of Orchha had attacked Garha.
He was a descendant of the great Sangram Shah and a close relative of the valiant Gond queen, Rani Durgavati's family. [10] Moti Mahal was built by him 350 years ago, which is a wonderful example of the architecture of that time. He also built 'Begum Mahal' for the queen and 'Badal Mahal' for the generals. [11] The Gond royal palace at Ramnagar was built by Hriday Shah around 1630 AD, when he made Ramnagar his capital. [6]
Hriday Shah was the last great king of Garha-Mandla. After his death, no great ruler appeared and court intrigue was common, greatly weakening the state. They alternatively invited Aurangzeb and the Marathas for help. [9] [8] It ceded away portions of its territory and revenues to buy off its enemies. Thus when the Maratha peshwa made demands, the king of Mandla, Narhar Shah, could not fulfill them and was defeated by the Maratha king of Nagpur and the kingdom annexed. [2]
Gondwana, also known as Gondaranya, the land of Gondwana, is a region of India named after the Gondi people who live there. The name of the ancient continent of Gondwanaland was derived from Gondwana, because some of the earliest rock formations of this continent were first investigated in part of the region in modern Odisha.
Jabalpur, formerly Jubbulpore, is a city situated on the banks of Narmada River in the state of Madhya Pradesh, India. It is the 3rd-largest urban agglomeration of the state and the 38th-largest of the country. Jabalpur is the administrative headquarters of the Jabalpur district and the Jabalpur division. It is the judicial capital of Madhya Pradesh with Madhya Pradesh High Court being located in the city. It is generally accepted that the game of snooker originated in Jabalpur. Jabalpur is also the railway headquarters of the West Central Railway. Jabalpur Cantonment is one of the largest cantonments in India and houses the army headquarters of five states. The city is known for the marble rocks on the river Narmada at Bhedaghat. It is also known as 'Sanskardhani' meaning 'The Cultural Capital' highlighting the city's rich cultural and historical heritage. The city of Jabalpur was among the first 7 smart cities selected for the Smart Cities Mission.
The Gondi (Gōṇḍī) or Gond people, who refer to themselves as "Kōītōr", are an ethnolinguistic group in India. Their native language, Gondi, belongs to the Dravidian family. They are spread over the states of Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh, Uttar Pradesh, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, and Odisha. They are listed as a Scheduled Tribe for the purpose of India's system of reservation.
Mandla is a city with municipality in Mandla district in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. It is the administrative headquarters of Mandla District. The city is situated in a loop of the Narmada River, which surrounds it on three sides, and for 15 miles between Mandla and Ramnagar, Madhya Pradesh the river flows in a deep bed unbroken by rocks. The Narmada is worshiped here, and many ghats have been constructed on the banks of the river. It was a capital of the Gondwana Kingdom who built a palace and a fort, which in the absence of proper care have gone to ruins.
Tikamgarh is a town and a tehsil in Tikamgarh district in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. The city serves as a district headquarters. The earlier name of Tikamgarh was Tehri consisting of three hamlets, forming a rough triangle. In Tikamgarh town there is locality still known as 'Purani Tehri'. Until Indian independence in 1947, Tikamgarh, formerly called Tehri, was part of the kingdom of Orchha, which was founded in the 16th century by the Bundeli chief Rudra Pratap Singh, who became the first King of Orchha. In 1783 the capital of the state was moved to Tehri, about 40 miles (64 km) south of Orchha, which was home to the fort of Tikamgarh, and the town eventually took the name of the fort. The district is famous for the old fort of Kundar known as Garh Kundar, which was built by Khangars and remained the capital of Khangar rulers from 1180 to 1347.
Chhatrasal Bundela was the Raja of Panna from 1675 to 1731. He is well known for his resistance against the Mughal Empire.
Erich is a town and a nagar panchayat in Jhansi district in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India. In ancient period it was known as Erikachha or Erakachha and according to a Buddhist text, the Petavatthu it was one of the major cities of the Dasanna janapada.
Rani Durgavati was the queen regent of Gondwana in 1550–1564 AD. She married King Dalpat Shah, the son of King Sangram Shah of Gondwana. She served as regent of Gondwana during the minority of her son, Vir Narayan, from 1550 until 1564. She is chiefly remembered for defending Gondwana against the Mughal Empire.
The Rajgonds are the ruling class of the Gonds. The region of Gondwana consisted of neighbouring kingdoms. To the south was the Kingdom of Chanda and to the north was the powerful Garha-Mandla kingdom. In the 16th century, the Kingdom of Deogarh rose as a powerful state with the Kherla Kingdom in its western past.
Orchha State was a kingdom situated in the Bundelkhand region and later a princely state in British India. The state was ruled by Bundela clan of Rajputs. It was located within what is now the state of Madhya Pradesh.
Raja Sangram Shah Madavi was a king of the Garha Kingdom of Gondwana, in the state of Madhya Pradesh, India. Raja Sangram Shah, who belonged to the Gond Dynasty in central India, was the 48th and most well known ruler of the dynasty, and during his reign he had conquered 52 forts to strengthen his kingdom. The Chouragarh Fort in Narsinghpur was built in his honour for conquering 52 forts.
Bakht Buland Shah was a ruler of the Rajgond dynasty. He added to his kingdom, the territories of Chanda and Mandla, and portions of Nagpur, Balaghat, Seoni, Bhandara and the adjoining Rajput kingdom of Kherla/Khedla. The present districts of Chhindwara and Betul also fell under his control. A great warrior, he went on to conquer Pauni, Dongartal, Sivni, and Katangi.
Raja Jhujhar Singh Ju Deo was the Bundela ruler of Orchha Kingdom in the 17th century reining from 1627 to 1635 in the cultural Bundelkhand region of modern Madhya Pradesh.
The Gondwana Kingdoms were the ruling kingdoms in the Gondwana region of India. The Gondwana region includes the core region of the eastern part of the Vidarbha of Maharashtra, Garha Kingdom, the parts of Madhya Pradesh immediately to the north of it, and parts of western Chhattisgarh. The wider region extends beyond these, also including parts of northern Telangana, western Odisha and southern Uttar Pradesh.
The Garha Kingdom, also called Garha Mandla or Garha Katanga, was an Ancient kingdom in India. It was the first large kingdom to be founded by the RajgondsKings and was based in Central India. The kingdom was founded in the 2th century and lasted until conquest by the Maratha Confederacy in 1781.
Dalpat Shah was the 49th ruler of the Garha Kingdom, which controlled the Indian region of Gondwana. His reign was short, he died in 1550, leaving the kingdom in the hands of his able wife Rani Durgavati, acting as a regent for their son Vir Narayan.
The Gonds of Deogarh were a Gond royal house that ruled large parts of the Vidarbha region and parts of present-day southern Madhya Pradesh. Their Kingdom consisted of the area which later became the Nagpur Kingdom. They made Nagpur region a prosperous and plentiful kingdom, founding the city of Nagpur and building further infrastructure. However, internal bickering led to their decline and they were practically made state pensioneries by the Maratha general Raghoji I Bhonsle in the 1743.
The Kingdom of Chanda was one of the main Gond kingdoms, ruling parts of central India. In 1751, it was conquered by the Maratha ruler of Nagpur, Raghoji I Bhonsle.
The Saugor subha was a province of the Maratha Empire comprising the central Indian territories of the Peshwa or prime minister. It was ruled by hereditary Maratha Pandit governors who had their headquarters at the city of Sagar.
Mekala is a historical region of India, extending from Amarkantak to Balaghat. It corresponds to the Maikal Hills, which comprises the present-day Kawardha District of Chhattisgarh state and Anuppur district of Madhya Pradesh. In the medieval period, the region was ruled by the Panduvamshis of Mekala.
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