Hugo Award for Best Professional Artist

Last updated

Hugo Award for Best Professional Artist
Awarded forThe best artist of works devoted primarily to science fiction or fantasy
Presented byWorld Science Fiction Society
First awarded1955
Most recent winner Rovina Cai
Website thehugoawards.org

The Hugo Award for Best Professional Artist is given each year for artists of works related to science fiction or fantasy released in the previous calendar year. [1] The award has been given annually under several names since 1955, with the exception of 1957. The Hugo Awards have been described as "a fine showcase for speculative fiction" and "the best known literary award for science fiction writing". [2] [3]

Contents

The inaugural 1953 Hugo awards recognized "Best Interior Illustrator" and "Best Cover Artist" categories, awarded to Virgil Finlay and a tie between Hannes Bok and Ed Emshwiller, respectively. The Best Professional Artist award was simply named "Best Artist" in 1955 and 1956, was not awarded in 1957, and was named "Outstanding Artist" in 1958, finally changing to its current name the following year. [4] Beginning in 1996 Retrospective Hugo Awards, or "Retro Hugos", have been available to be awarded for years 50, 75, or 100 years prior in which no awards were given. [5] To date, Retro Hugo awards have been awarded for 1939, 1941, 1943–1946, 1951, and 1954, and in each case an award for professional artist was given. [6]

During the 77 nomination years, 98 artists have been nominated; 26 of these have won, including co-winners and Retro Hugos. Michael Whelan has received the most awards, with 13 wins out of 24 nominations. Frank Kelly Freas has 11 wins and 28 nominations, the most nominations of any artist. Other artists with large numbers of wins or nominations include Bob Eggleton with 8 wins out of 23 nominations, Virgil Finlay with 5 out of 14, Ed Emshwiller with 4 out of 9, John Picacio with 3 out of 15, and Don Maitz with 2 out of 17. David A. Cherry and Thomas Canty are tied for the most nominations without an award at 10 each.

Selection

Hugo Award nominees and winners are chosen by supporting or attending members of the annual World Science Fiction Convention, or Worldcon, and the presentation evening constitutes its central event. The selection process is defined in the World Science Fiction Society Constitution as instant-runoff voting with six nominees, except in the case of a tie. The works on the ballot are the six most-nominated by members that year, with no limit on the number of works that can be nominated. [5] The awards in 1955 and 1958 did not include any recognition of runner-up artists, but since 1959 all six candidates have been recorded. [5] Initial nominations are made by members in January through March, while voting on the ballot of six nominations is performed roughly in April through July, subject to change depending on when that year's Worldcon is held. [7] Prior to 2017, the final ballot was five works; it was changed that year to six, with each initial nominator limited to five nominations. [8] Worldcons are generally held near Labor Day, and in a different city around the world each year. [9] [10]

Winners and nominees

In the following tables, the years correspond to the date of the ceremony. Artists are eligible based on their work of the previous calendar year. Entries with a yellow background and an asterisk (*) next to the artist's name have won the award; those with a gray background are the nominees on the short-list.

  *   Winners

Winners and nominees
YearArtist(s)Ref.
1955 Frank Kelly Freas * [11]
1956 Frank Kelly Freas * [12]
Chesley Bonestell [12]
Ed Emshwiller [12]
Virgil Finlay [12]
Mel Hunter [12]
Ed Valigursky [12]
1958 Frank Kelly Freas * [13]
1959 Frank Kelly Freas * [14]
Ed Emshwiller [14]
Virgil Finlay [14]
H. R. Van Dongen [14]
Wally Wood [14]
1960 Ed Emshwiller * [15]
Virgil Finlay [15]
Frank Kelly Freas [15]
Mel Hunter [15]
Wally Wood [15]
1961 Ed Emshwiller * [16]
Virgil Finlay [16]
Frank Kelly Freas [16]
Mel Hunter [16]
1962 Ed Emshwiller * [17]
Virgil Finlay [17]
Mel Hunter [17]
John Schoenherr [17]
Alex Schomburg [17]
1963 Roy Krenkel * [18]
Ed Emshwiller [18]
Virgil Finlay [18]
Jack Gaughan [18]
John Schoenherr [18]
1964 Ed Emshwiller * [19]
Virgil Finlay [19]
Frank Frazetta [19]
Roy Krenkel [19]
John Schoenherr [19]
1965 John Schoenherr * [20]
Ed Emshwiller [20]
Frank Frazetta [20]
Jack Gaughan [20]
1966 Frank Frazetta * [21]
Frank Kelly Freas [21]
Jack Gaughan [21]
Gray Morrow [21]
John Schoenherr [21]
1967 Jack Gaughan * [22]
Frank Kelly Freas [22]
Gray Morrow [22]
John Schoenherr [22]
1968 Jack Gaughan * [23]
Chesley Bonestell [23]
Frank Frazetta [23]
Frank Kelly Freas [23]
Gray Morrow [23]
John Schoenherr [23]
1969 Jack Gaughan * [24]
Vaughn Bodé [24]
Leo Dillon and Diane Dillon [24]
Frank Kelly Freas [24]
1970 Frank Kelly Freas * [25]
Leo Dillon and Diane Dillon [25]
Jack Gaughan [25]
Eddie Jones [25]
Jeff Jones [25]
1971 Leo Dillon and Diane Dillon* [26]
Frank Kelly Freas [26]
Jack Gaughan [26]
Eddie Jones [26]
Jeff Jones [26]
1972 Frank Kelly Freas * [27]
Vincent Di Fate [27]
Jack Gaughan [27]
Jeff Jones [27]
John Schoenherr [27]
1973 Frank Kelly Freas * [28]
Vincent Di Fate [28]
Jack Gaughan [28]
Mike Hinge [28]
John Schoenherr [28]
1974 Frank Kelly Freas * [29]
Vincent Di Fate [29]
Frank Frazetta [29]
Jack Gaughan [29]
John Schoenherr [29]
1975 Frank Kelly Freas * [30]
Stephen Fabian [30]
Tim Kirk [30]
John Schoenherr [30]
Rick Sternbach [30]
1976 Frank Kelly Freas * [31]
George Barr [31]
Vincent Di Fate [31]
Stephen Fabian [31]
Rick Sternbach [31]
1977 Rick Sternbach * [32]
George Barr [32]
Vincent Di Fate [32]
Stephen Fabian [32]
1978 Rick Sternbach * [33]
Vincent Di Fate [33]
Stephen Fabian [33]
Frank Kelly Freas [33]
Michael Whelan [33]
1979 Vincent Di Fate * [34]
Stephen Fabian [34]
David A. Hardy [34]
Boris Vallejo [34]
Michael Whelan [34]
1980 Michael Whelan * [35]
Vincent Di Fate [35]
Stephen Fabian [35]
Paul Lehr [35]
Boris Vallejo [35]
1981 Michael Whelan * [36]
Vincent Di Fate [36]
Stephen Fabian [36]
Paul Lehr [36]
Don Maitz [36]
1982 Michael Whelan * [37]
Vincent Di Fate [37]
Carl Lundgren [37]
Don Maitz [37]
Rowena Morrill [37]
1983 Michael Whelan * [38]
Frank Kelly Freas [38]
Don Maitz [38]
Rowena Morrill [38]
Barclay Shaw [38]
Darrell K. Sweet [38]
1984 Michael Whelan * [39]
Val Lakey Lindahn [39]
Don Maitz [39]
Rowena Morrill [39]
Barclay Shaw [39]
1985 Michael Whelan * [40]
Vincent Di Fate [40]
Tom Kidd [40]
Val Lakey Lindahn [40]
Barclay Shaw [40]
1986 Michael Whelan * [41]
Frank Kelly Freas [41]
Don Maitz [41]
Rowena Morrill [41]
Barclay Shaw [41]
1987 Jim Burns * [42]
Frank Kelly Freas [42]
Tom Kidd [42]
Don Maitz [42]
J. K. Potter [42]
Barclay Shaw [42]
1988 Michael Whelan * [43]
David A. Cherry [43]
Bob Eggleton [43]
Tom Kidd [43]
Don Maitz [43]
J. K. Potter [43]
1989 Michael Whelan * [44]
Thomas Canty [44]
David A. Cherry [44]
Bob Eggleton [44]
Don Maitz [44]
Todd Cameron Hamilton [44]
1990 Don Maitz * [45]
Jim Burns [45]
Thomas Canty [45]
David A. Cherry [45]
James Gurney [45]
Tom Kidd [45]
Michael Whelan [45]
1991 Michael Whelan * [46]
Thomas Canty [46]
David A. Cherry [46]
Bob Eggleton [46]
Don Maitz [46]
1992 Michael Whelan * [47]
Thomas Canty [47]
David A. Cherry [47]
Bob Eggleton [47]
Don Maitz [47]
1993 Don Maitz * [48]
Thomas Canty [48]
David A. Cherry [48]
Bob Eggleton [48]
James Gurney [48]
1994 Bob Eggleton * [49]
Thomas Canty [49]
David A. Cherry [49]
Don Maitz [49]
Michael Whelan [49]
1995 Jim Burns * [50]
Thomas Canty [50]
Bob Eggleton [50]
Don Maitz [50]
Michael Whelan [50]
1996 Bob Eggleton * [51]
Jim Burns [51]
Thomas Canty [51]
Don Maitz [51]
Michael Whelan [51]
1997 Bob Eggleton * [52]
Thomas Canty [52]
David A. Cherry [52]
Don Maitz [52]
Michael Whelan [52]
1998 Bob Eggleton * [53]
Jim Burns [53]
Thomas Canty [53]
David A. Cherry [53]
Don Maitz [53]
Michael Whelan [53]
1999 Bob Eggleton * [54]
Jim Burns [54]
Donato Giancola [54]
Don Maitz [54]
Nick Stathopoulos [54]
Michael Whelan [54]
2000 Michael Whelan * [55]
Jim Burns [55]
Bob Eggleton [55]
Donato Giancola [55]
Don Maitz [55]
2001 Bob Eggleton * [56]
Jim Burns [56]
Frank Kelly Freas [56]
Donato Giancola [56]
Michael Whelan [56]
2002 Michael Whelan * [57]
Jim Burns [57]
Bob Eggleton [57]
Frank Kelly Freas [57]
Donato Giancola [57]
2003 Bob Eggleton * [58]
Jim Burns [58]
David A. Cherry [58]
Frank Kelly Freas [58]
Donato Giancola [58]
2004 Bob Eggleton * [59]
Jim Burns [59]
Frank Frazetta [59]
Frank Kelly Freas [59]
Donato Giancola [59]
2005 Jim Burns * [60]
Bob Eggleton [60]
Frank Kelly Freas [60]
Donato Giancola [60]
John Picacio [60]
2006 Donato Giancola * [61]
Jim Burns [61]
Bob Eggleton [61]
Stephan Martinière [61]
John Picacio [61]
Michael Whelan [61]
2007 Donato Giancola * [62]
Bob Eggleton [62]
Stephan Martinière [62]
John Jude Palencar [62]
John Picacio [62]
2008 Stephan Martinière * [63]
Phil Foglio [63]
John Harris [63]
John Picacio [63]
Shaun Tan [63]
2009 Donato Giancola * [64]
Daniel Dos Santos [64]
Bob Eggleton [64]
John Picacio [64]
Shaun Tan [64]
2010 Shaun Tan * [65]
Daniel Dos Santos [65]
Bob Eggleton [65]
Stephan Martinière [65]
John Picacio [65]
2011 Shaun Tan * [66]
Daniel Dos Santos [66]
Bob Eggleton [66]
Stephan Martinière [66]
John Picacio [66]
2012 John Picacio * [67]
Daniel Dos Santos [67]
Bob Eggleton [67]
Michael Komarck [67]
Stephan Martinière [67]
2013 John Picacio * [68]
Vincent Chong [68]
Julie Dillon [68]
Daniel Dos Santos [68]
Christian McGrath [68]
2014 Julie Dillon * [69]
Galen Dara [69]
Daniel Dos Santos [69]
John Harris [69]
John Picacio [69]
Fiona Staples [69]
2015 Julie Dillon * [70]
Kirk DouPonce [70]
Nick Greenwood [70]
Alan Pollack [70]
Carter Reid [70]
2016 Abigail Larson * [71]
Lars Braad Andersen [71]
Larry Elmore [71]
Michal Karcz [71]
Larry Rostant [71]
2017 Julie Dillon * [72]
Galen Dara [72]
Christian McGrath [72]
Victo Ngai [72]
John Picacio [72]
Sana Takeda [72]
2018 Sana Takeda * [73]
Galen Dara [73]
Kathleen Jennings [73]
Bastien Lecouffe-Deharme [73]
Victo Ngai [73]
John Picacio [73]
2019 Charles Vess * [74]
Galen Dara [74]
Jaime Jones [74]
Victo Ngai [74]
John Picacio [74]
Yuko Shimizu [74]
2020 John Picacio * [75]
Tommy Arnold [75]
Rovina Cai [75]
Galen Dara [75]
Yuko Shimizu [75]
Alyssa Winans [75]
2021 Rovina Cai * [76]
Tommy Arnold [76]
Galen Dara [76]
Maurizio Manzieri [76]
John Picacio [76]
Alyssa Winans [76]
2022 Rovina Cai * [77]
Tommy Arnold [77]
Ashley Mackenzie [77]
Maurizio Manzieri [77]
Will Staehle [77]
Alyssa Winans [77]
2023Enzhe Zhao* [78]
Sija Hong [78]
Kuri Huang [78]
Paul Lewin [78]
Alyssa Winans [78]
Jian Zhang [78]
2024 Rovina Cai * [79]
Micaela Alcaino [79]
Galen Dara [79]
Daniel Dos Santos [79]
Tristan Elwell [79]
Alyssa Winans [79]

Retro Hugos

Beginning with the 1996 Worldcon, the World Science Fiction Society created the concept of "Retro Hugos", in which the Hugo award could be retroactively awarded for 50, 75, or 100 years prior. Retro Hugos may only be awarded for years in which a Worldcon was hosted, but no awards were originally given. [5] [Note 1] Retro Hugos have been awarded eight times, for 1939, 1941, 1943–1946, 1951, and 1954. [9]

Retro Hugo winners and nominees
YearYear awardedArtistRef(s)
19392014 Virgil Finlay * [80]
Margaret Brundage [80]
Frank R. Paul [80]
Alex Schomburg [80]
H. W. "Wesso" Wessolowski [80]
19412016 Virgil Finlay * [81]
Hannes Bok [81]
Margaret Brundage [81]
Edd Cartier [81]
Frank R. Paul [81]
Hubert Rogers [81]
19432018 Virgil Finlay * [82]
Hannes Bok [82]
Margaret Brundage [82]
Edd Cartier [82]
Harold W. McCauley [82]
Hubert Rogers [82]
19442019 Virgil Finlay * [83]
Hannes Bok [83]
Margaret Brundage [83]
Antoine de Saint-Exupéry [83]
J. Allen St. John [83]
William Timmins [83]
19452020 Margaret Brundage * [84]
Earle K. Bergey [84]
Boris Dolgov [84]
Matt Fox [84]
Paul Orban [84]
William Timmins [84]
19461996 Virgil Finlay * [85]
Earle K. Bergey [85]
Hannes Bok [85]
Edd Cartier [85]
Frank R. Paul [85]
19512001 Frank Kelly Freas * [86]
Hannes Bok [86]
Chesley Bonestell [86]
Edd Cartier [86]
Virgil Finlay [86]
19542004 Chesley Bonestell * [87]
Ed Emshwiller [87]
Virgil Finlay [87]
Frank Kelly Freas [87]
Richard M. Powers [87]

Explanatory notes

  1. Although no "Best Professional Artist" Hugo was awarded at the 1957 convention, Hugos were awarded in other categories, hence there was no "Retro Hugo" for 1957 awarded in 2007. [Note 2]

Related Research Articles

The Hugo Award for Best Novel is one of the Hugo Awards given each year for science fiction or fantasy stories published in, or translated to, English during the previous calendar year. The novel award is available for works of fiction of 40,000 words or more; awards are also given out in the short story, novelette, and novella categories. The Hugo Awards have been described as "a fine showcase for speculative fiction", and "the best known literary award for science fiction writing".

The Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation is given each year for theatrical films, television episodes, or other dramatized works related to science fiction or fantasy released in the previous calendar year. Originally the award covered both works of film and of television but since 2003, it has been split into two categories: Best Dramatic Presentation (Long Form) and Best Dramatic Presentation (Short Form). The Dramatic Presentation Awards are part of the broader Hugo Awards, which are given every year by the World Science Fiction Society for the best science fiction or fantasy works and achievements of the previous year. The awards are named after Hugo Gernsback, the founder of the first science fiction magazine, Amazing Stories, and was once officially known as the Science Fiction Achievement Award. The award has been described as "a fine showcase for speculative fiction".

The Hugo Award for Best Novella is one of the Hugo Awards given each year for science fiction or fantasy stories published or translated into English during the previous calendar year. The novella award is available for works of fiction of between 17,500 and 40,000 words; awards are also given out in the short story, novelette and novel categories. The Hugo Awards have been described as "a fine showcase for speculative fiction" and "the best known literary award for science fiction writing".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hugo Award for Best Novelette</span> Annual award for science fiction or fantasy stories

The Hugo Award for Best Novelette is one of the Hugo Awards given each year for science fiction or fantasy stories published or translated into English during the previous calendar year. The novelette award is available for works of fiction of between 7,500 and 17,500 words; awards are also given out in the short story, novella and novel categories. The Hugo Awards have been described as "a fine showcase for speculative fiction" and "the best known literary award for science fiction writing".

The Hugo Award for Best Short Story is one of the Hugo Awards given each year for science fiction or fantasy stories published or translated into English during the previous calendar year. The short story award is available for works of fiction of fewer than 7,500 words; awards are also given out for pieces of longer lengths in the novelette, novella, and novel categories. The Hugo Awards have been described as "a fine showcase for speculative fiction" and "the best known literary award for science fiction writing".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hugo Award for Best Fanzine</span> Annual award for science fiction or fantasy

The Hugo Award for Best Fanzine is given each year for non professionally edited magazines, or "fanzines", related to science fiction or fantasy which has published four or more issues with at least one issue appearing in the previous calendar year. Awards were also once given out for professional magazines in the professional magazine category, and since 1984 have been awarded for semi-professional magazines in the semiprozine category; several magazines that were nominated for or won the fanzine category have gone on to be nominated for or win the semiprozine category since it was established. The Hugo Awards have been described as "a fine showcase for speculative fiction" and "the best known literary award for science fiction writing".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hugo Award for Best Fan Artist</span> Annual award for science fiction or fantasy

The Hugo Award for Best Fan Artist is given each year for artists of works related to science fiction or fantasy which appeared in low- or non-paying publications such as semiprozines or fanzines. A Hugo Award for professional artists is also given. The Hugo Awards have been described as "a fine showcase for speculative fiction" and "the best known literary award for science fiction writing".

The Hugo Award for Best Fan Writer is the Hugo Award given each year for writers of works related to science fiction or fantasy which appeared in low- or non-paying publications such as semiprozines or fanzines or in generally available electronic media during the previous calendar year. There is no restriction that the writer is not also a professional author, and several such authors have won the award for their non-paying works. The award was first presented in 1967 and has been awarded annually.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hugo Award for Best Professional Editor</span> Annual awards for science fiction or fantasy

The Hugo Award for Best Professional Editor is one of the Hugo Awards given each year for science fiction or fantasy stories published or translated into English during the previous calendar year. The award is available for editors of magazines, novels, anthologies, or other works related to science fiction or fantasy. The award supplanted a previous award for professional magazine. The Hugo Awards have been described as "a fine showcase for speculative fiction" and "the best known literary award for science fiction writing".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hugo Award for Best Semiprozine</span> Annual awards for science fiction or fantasy

The Hugo Award for Best Semiprozine is given each year to a periodical publication related to science fiction or fantasy that meets several criteria having to do with the number of issues published and who, if anyone, receives payment. The award was first presented in 1984, and has been given annually since, though the qualifying criteria have changed. Awards were once also given out for professional magazines in the professional magazine category, and are still awarded for fan magazines in the fanzine category.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">70th World Science Fiction Convention</span> 70th Worldcon (2012)

The 70th World Science Fiction Convention (Worldcon), also known as Chicon 7, was held on 30 August–3 September 2012 at the Hyatt Regency Chicago in Chicago, Illinois, United States.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mary Robinette Kowal</span> American author and puppeteer (born 1969)

Mary Robinette Kowal is an American author, translator, art director, and puppeteer. She has worked on puppetry for shows including Jim Henson Productions and the children's show LazyTown. As an author, she is a four-time Hugo Award winner, and served as the president of the Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America from 2019-2021.

The Hugo Awards are presented every year by the World Science Fiction Society for the best science fiction or fantasy works and achievements of the previous year. The award is named after Hugo Gernsback, the founder of the pioneering science fiction magazine Amazing Stories, and was once officially known as the Science Fiction Achievement Award. The award has been described as "a fine showcase for speculative fiction" and "the best known literary award for science fiction writing". In addition to the regular awards that have been given in most years that the awards have been active, several discontinued Hugo Awards have been presented throughout the years, only to be removed after a few years.

The Hugo Award for Best Related Work is one of the Hugo Awards given each year for primarily non-fiction works related to science fiction or fantasy, published or translated into English during the previous calendar year. The Hugo Awards have been described as "a fine showcase for speculative fiction" and "the best known literary award for science fiction writing".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hugo Award</span> Annual awards for science fiction or fantasy

The Hugo Award is an annual literary award for the best science fiction or fantasy works and achievements of the previous year, given at the World Science Fiction Convention (Worldcon) and chosen by its members. The award is administered by the World Science Fiction Society. The Hugo is widely considered the premier award in the science fiction genre, and winners are often noted on book covers. It is named after Hugo Gernsback, the founder of the pioneering science fiction magazine Amazing Stories. Hugos were first given in 1953, at the 11th World Science Fiction Convention, and have been awarded every year since 1955.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hugo Award for Best Graphic Story</span> Annual award for science fiction or fantasy

The Hugo Award for Best Graphic Story is given each year for science fiction or fantasy stories told in graphic form and published or translated into English during the previous calendar year. It has been awarded annually since 2009. The Hugo Awards have been described as "a fine showcase for speculative fiction" and "the best known literary award for science fiction writing".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hugo Award for Best Fancast</span> Annual award for science fiction or fantasy

The Hugo Award for Best Fancast is one of the Hugo Awards, and is awarded to the best non-professional audio or video periodical devoted to science fiction, fantasy, or related subjects. The Hugo Awards have been described as "a fine showcase for speculative fiction" and "the best known literary award for science fiction writing".

The Hugo Award for Best Series is one of the Hugo Awards given each year for science fiction or fantasy stories published or translated into English during the previous calendar year. The award is available for series of science fiction or fantasy stories consisting of at least 3 published works totaling at least 240,000 words, with at least one work released or translated into English during the previous calendar year. A losing finalist becomes eligible again with the publication of at least two new works totaling at least 240,000 words.

The Lodestar Award for Best Young Adult Book is an award given annually to a book published for young adult readers in the field of science fiction or fantasy. The name of the award was chosen because a lodestar is "a star that guides or leads, especially in navigation, where it is the sole reliable source of light—the star that leads those in uncharted waters to safety". The nomination and selection process is administered by the World Science Fiction Society (WSFS), and the award is presented at the Hugo Award ceremony at the annual World Science Fiction Convention, or Worldcon, although it is not itself a Hugo Award.

The Hugo Award for Best Game or Interactive Work is one of the Hugo Awards given each year for science fiction or fantasy works released in the previous calendar year. The game award is given out to video games, tabletop games, and other interactive works; non-interactive audiovisual works receive awards in the dramatic presentation category. The Hugo Awards have been described as "a fine showcase for speculative fiction", and "the best known literary award for science fiction writing".

References

  1. "The World Science Fiction Society Rules 1971". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-05-19.
  2. Jordison, Sam (2008-08-07). "An International Contest We Can Win". The Guardian . London, England: The Guardian. Archived from the original on 2009-07-29. Retrieved 2010-04-21.
  3. Cleaver, Emily (2010-04-20). "Hugo Awards Announced". Litro Magazine. London, England: Ocean Media. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-21.
  4. "Hugo Award Winners by Category". The Locus Index to SF Awards. Oakland, California: Locus Publications. Archived from the original on 2013-03-24. Retrieved 2013-04-10.
  5. 1 2 3 4 "The Hugo Awards: FAQ". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-20.
  6. "About the Retro Hugo Awards". The Locus Index to SF Awards. Oakland, California: Locus Publications. Archived from the original on 2010-01-03. Retrieved 2013-04-10.
  7. "The Hugo Awards: Introduction". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-20.
  8. "Worldcon 75: 2017 Hugo report #2" (PDF). Worldcon 75. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2017-08-15. Retrieved 2017-08-15.
  9. 1 2 "About the Hugo Awards". The Locus Index to SF Awards. Oakland, California: Locus Publications. Archived from the original on 2010-01-03. Retrieved 2013-04-10.
  10. "World Science Fiction Society / Worldcon". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2009-04-14. Retrieved 2010-04-20.
  11. "1955 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  12. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "1956 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2017-09-18. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  13. "1958 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  14. 1 2 3 4 5 "1959 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  15. 1 2 3 4 5 "1960 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  16. 1 2 3 4 "1961 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  17. 1 2 3 4 5 "1962 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  18. 1 2 3 4 5 "1963 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  19. 1 2 3 4 5 "1964 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  20. 1 2 3 4 "1965 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  21. 1 2 3 4 5 "1966 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  22. 1 2 3 4 "1967 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  23. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "1968 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  24. 1 2 3 4 "1969 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  25. 1 2 3 4 5 "1970 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  26. 1 2 3 4 5 "1971 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  27. 1 2 3 4 5 "1972 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  28. 1 2 3 4 5 "1973 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  29. 1 2 3 4 5 "1974 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  30. 1 2 3 4 5 "1975 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  31. 1 2 3 4 5 "1976 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  32. 1 2 3 4 "1977 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  33. 1 2 3 4 5 "1978 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  34. 1 2 3 4 5 "1979 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  35. 1 2 3 4 5 "1980 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  36. 1 2 3 4 5 "1981 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  37. 1 2 3 4 5 "1982 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  38. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "1983 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  39. 1 2 3 4 5 "1984 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  40. 1 2 3 4 5 "1985 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  41. 1 2 3 4 5 "1986 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  42. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "1987 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  43. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "1988 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  44. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "1989 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  45. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "1990 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  46. 1 2 3 4 5 "1991 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  47. 1 2 3 4 5 "1992 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  48. 1 2 3 4 5 "1993 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  49. 1 2 3 4 5 "1994 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  50. 1 2 3 4 5 "1995 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  51. 1 2 3 4 5 "1996 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  52. 1 2 3 4 5 "1997 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  53. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "1998 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  54. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "1999 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  55. 1 2 3 4 5 "2000 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  56. 1 2 3 4 5 "2001 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  57. 1 2 3 4 5 "2002 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  58. 1 2 3 4 5 "2003 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  59. 1 2 3 4 5 "2004 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  60. 1 2 3 4 5 "2005 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  61. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "2006 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  62. 1 2 3 4 5 "2007 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  63. 1 2 3 4 5 "2008 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  64. 1 2 3 4 5 "2009 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  65. 1 2 3 4 5 "2010 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2011-04-25.
  66. 1 2 3 4 5 "2011 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2012-05-04. Retrieved 2012-04-09.
  67. 1 2 3 4 5 "2012 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2012-04-08. Retrieved 2012-04-09.
  68. 1 2 3 4 5 "2013 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2015-09-06. Retrieved 2013-04-03.
  69. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "2014 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2015-09-06. Retrieved 2014-04-20.
  70. 1 2 3 4 5 "2015 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2015-09-06.
  71. 1 2 3 4 5 "2016 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2017-08-16. Retrieved 2016-04-27.
  72. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "2017 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2017-08-10. Retrieved 2017-08-11.
  73. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "2018 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. 2018-03-15. Archived from the original on 2018-04-02. Retrieved 2018-04-02.
  74. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "2019 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. 2019-09-18. Archived from the original on 2019-07-29. Retrieved 2019-04-02.
  75. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "2020 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. 2020-04-07. Archived from the original on 2021-11-19. Retrieved 2020-04-08.
  76. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "2021 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. 2021-12-18. Archived from the original on 2022-01-03. Retrieved 2022-01-03.
  77. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "2022 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. 2022-09-04. Archived from the original on 2022-09-05. Retrieved 2022-09-04.
  78. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "2023 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. 2023-07-06. Archived from the original on 2023-07-06. Retrieved 2023-07-06.
  79. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "2024 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. 2024-03-29. Archived from the original on 2024-08-12. Retrieved 2024-03-29.
  80. 1 2 3 4 5 "1939 Retro Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2016-04-22. Retrieved 2014-04-20.
  81. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "1941 Retro Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2017-08-14. Retrieved 2016-04-27.
  82. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "1943 Retro Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2021-12-31. Retrieved 2018-04-02.
  83. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "1944 Retro Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2019-10-04. Retrieved 2019-08-19.
  84. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "1945 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2020-08-01. Retrieved 2020-04-08.
  85. 1 2 3 4 5 "1946 Retro Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  86. 1 2 3 4 5 "1951 Retro Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  87. 1 2 3 4 5 "1954 Retro Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-19.