Igor Galynker

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Igor Galynker
Igor 2015c.jpg
Igor Galynker
Born
Moscow, USSR
Occupation Psychiatrist
Years active1988 - present
SpouseAsya Trakht
ChildrenBenjamin Galynker
Jaziah Galynker
Parent(s)Ilya Galynker
Raya Galynker

Igor Galynker is an American psychiatrist, clinician and researcher. His research interests include bipolar disorder, suicide prevention, and the role of family dynamics in psychiatric illness. [1] [2] He has published on these topics both in professional journals [3] and in the lay press. [4] [5] His recent research has been devoted to describing Suicide Crisis Syndrome (SCS), an acute suicidal cognitive-affective state predictive of imminent suicidal behavior. [6] [7] [8]

Contents

Dr. Galynker currently serves as the Associate Chairman for Research in the Department of Psychiatry at Mount Sinai Beth Israel, and is the Founder and Director of the Family Center for Bipolar Disorder and of the Mount Sinai Suicide Research and Prevention Laboratory. Since 2014, he has held the position of Professor of Psychiatry at the Icahn School of Medicine in New York City. [9]

Education and work in chemistry

Galynker was born in Moscow, USSR. His mother, Raya, was an internist and his father, Ilya, was a professor of textile engineering. They met and married in Voronezh before World War II and moved to Moscow after the war ended. In 1971 Galynker graduated as valedictorian from Moscow's Public School #109, and in 1976 he earned magna cum laude from the Department of Chemistry at Moscow State University.

He immigrated to the United States in 1978, and worked as a chemist researcher at the CIBA-Geigy corporation for a year. Then he pursued graduate studies (1978–1981) in organic synthesis under the mentorship of professor W. Clark Still at Columbia University. His PhD thesis, recognized with the Hammet Award for outstanding research, described the first use of computer modeling in organic synthesis and has subsequently been widely cited. [10] Following a fellowship in human genetics at the Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center, Galynker taught chemistry at Purdue University and at Columbia University. [11]

Work in psychiatry and Mount Sinai Beth Israel

Galynker received his medical degree in 1988 from the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, where he was elected into the Alpha Omega Alpha honor society. He completed his psychiatry residency at Mount Sinai Medical Center. He has since worked at Beth Israel Medical Center in Manhattan (currently Mount Sinai Beth Israel), where he is the Associate Chairman for Research in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences.

In the Department, Galynker established a residency research program designed to equip psychiatry residents with a comprehensive understanding of the research process and engage them in research projects. [12] He also founded and ran the Russian Health Service and serves as a Patient Experience Physician Advocate at Beth Israel. He was awarded the Patient Experience Excellence Award and has been listed in the America's Top Psychiatrists list as well as in the Top New York Physicians "Superdoctors" list.

Galynker Family Center for Bipolar Disorder

In 2006, Dr. Galynker founded the Family Center for Bipolar Disorder (FCB), a clinical and research center dedicated to providing mental health care for children, adolescents, and adults. The Center was profiled in the New York Times [13] and the Wall Street Journal. [14] In 2015, the Family Center for Bipolar was officially renamed the Richard and Cynthia Zirinsky Center for Bipolar, in honor of a gift from the Zirinsky Family. In 2021, the Center was renamed the Galynker Family Center for Bipolar Disorder.

Galynker Family Center for Hope and Healing

Dr. Galynker founded the Galynker Family Center for Hope and Healing in 2024 as a clinical center for suicide prevention. The treatment approach is based on The Narrative Crisis Model of Suicide [15] [16] [17] and the Family Approach pioneered in the Family Center for Bipolar Disorder featured in the New York Times [18] and the Wall Street Journal. [19]

Other research

Cognition

While working as a resident psychiatrist, Galynker was the first to report that both hospital admissions from the ER [20] and the duration of hospital stay in the acute psychiatric unit [21] was influenced by cognition, suggesting that in addition to psychiatric symptoms, cognitive dysfunction should be a target of pharmacological intervention. This work anticipated later focus on treatment of cognitive dysfunction and cognitive training in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder [22] [23] Galynker later reported on persistent cognitive deficits in opiate addicts in methadone maintenance treatment [24]

Addictions

While in residency working at the Brookhaven National Laboratory, Galynker synthesized [11-C]-buprenorphine for use in PET studies of opiate addiction. [25] He later published PET studies of remitted opiate addicts which showed that cognitive deficits, negative affect, and abnormal glucose metabolism present during active drug use persisted for months and years after detoxification from methadone. [26] [27] [28] With Dr. Lisa Cohen, Galynker later showed that behavioral sex addicts, such as male pedophiles, had deficits in glucose metabolism in the temporal cortex and severe character pathology that was similar but broader and more pronounced than that of the opiate-dependent subjects. In a subsequent series of reports, Cohen and Galynker described character pathology of pedophiles and other sex offenders [29] and proposed a model for the etiology of pedophilic behavior. [30]

Mood disorders

In 1998 Galynker published a widely cited SPECT study of cerebral perfusion in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), which showed that in MDD, reduced cerebral blood flow was associated with negative symptoms rather than mood. [31] This was one of the first imaging studies to demonstrate that cerebral function was not related to a specific diagnosis but to symptoms, a finding which echoed Galynker's early findings on cognitive deficits and patient function, and anticipated the current NIMH Research Domain Criteria Project. Galynker was also the first to report (in a case series) that low dose quetiapine and risperidone were effective for treatment of depression and anxiety [32] a finding later supported by randomized clinical trials, leading to quetiapine approval for these indications. [33] Galynker has also contributed to research investigating racial disparities in diagnostic rates of bipolar disorder, finding that Black individuals are more likely than white patients to be diagnosed with schizophrenia rather than bipolar disorder. [34]

Suicide Prevention

Since 2008, Dr. Galynker and his colleagues have been working on describing an acute suicidal mental state that precedes a suicide attempt. Their work has led to the formulation of the Narrative Crisis Model of Suicide. [35]  

Narrative Crisis Model of Suicide

The Narrative Crisis Model of Suicide (NCM) is a comprehensive theoretical framework aimed at illustrating the complex dynamic contributing to suicidal behavior. [36] [37] [38] This model posits that individuals with an elevated baseline vulnerability to suicide may develop a Suicidal Narrative, a distorted perceptions of themselves, others and the world, when facing stressful life events. [39] The Suicidal Narrative consist of eight stages, such as difficulties disengaging from unrealistic goals, difficulties redirecting one’s efforts toward realistic goals, feelings of entitlement to happiness, social defeat, fear of humiliation, thwarted belongingness, perceived burdensomeness, and a perception of no future. [40] Anchored in long-term inter and intra-personal vulnerabilities these distorted cognitions may result in individuals perceiving them as having no future, where suicide is the only viable option. [41] The final stage of the NCM is the Suicide Crisis Syndrome.

Suicide Crisis Syndrome

In 2010, with Dr. Zimri Yaseen Dr. Galynker introduced the concept of the Suicide Crisis Syndrome (SCS), initially known as Suicide Trigger State, a suicide-specific clinical entity, characterized by frantic hopelessness/entrapment, affective disturbance, loss of cognitive control, hyperarousal, and acute social withdrawal. [42] SCS was found to be strongly predictive of suicidal behavior within one-two months after discharge. [43] [44] [45] [46] Importantly, the staple of current suicide risk assessment, suicidal ideation and intent may or may not be present. [8] The SCS diagnosis is currently under review by the DSM Steering Committee for inclusion in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.

In addition to the SCI, Galynker and colleagues have developed a multi-informant Modular Assessment of Risk for Imminent Suicide (MARIS). [47] MARIS has four independent assessment modules and is unique in that both patients and clinicians provide information. Clinicians' modules include their emotional responses to the SCS, which significantly improve predictive scale. [48] [47] Both the SCS and the MARIS projects were funded by the American Foundation for Suicide Prevention. [49]

The SCS, the MARIS, and their clinical use are described in Galynker's recent textbook, "The Suicidal Crisis. Clinical Guide to the Assessment of Imminent Suicide Risk." [40]

In 2020, Northshore Healthcare System in Chicago implemented Dr. Galynker’s Suicide Crisis patient assessment measure (SCI-SF) and found it to be a preferred tool for guiding a clinical decision-making regarding the hospitalization of patients at risk of suicide. [50]  

Virtual Human Interaction for Emotional Self-Awareness Training

This project developed by Dr. Galynker and colleagues employed Virtual Human technology to train clinicians in emotional self-awareness when working with suicidal patients, including their ability to recognize emotional responses and the ability to engage in empathetic verbal communication with acutely suicidal patients. [51] During the project, a Virtual Reality training method “Training Clinicians for Empathic Communication for Suicide Intervention 1.0 (TECSI-1) was introduced. The outcomes of TECSI-1 indicated improvement in empathic communication, a reduction in post-training suicidal ideation among patients, and enhanced patient-reported therapeutic alliance with their clinicians. [52] [53] [54] This project was funded by the NIH. [51]

Currently, Dr. Galynker and his team are focused on the development of the TECSI-2, incorporating new technologies such as Open AI ChatGPT to address previous technological limitations.

Advocacy and public awareness

Galynker has been outspoken in his concerns about possible conflicts of interest between psychiatrists and the pharmaceutical industry. In 2005, he showed that the results of pharmaceutical trials published in even the most reputable scientific journals, JAMA Psychiatry and the American Journal of Psychiatry, systematically favored the drug produced by the manufacturer that paid for the study and disfavored the competitor. [55] This study was profiled on the front page of USA Today. [56]

Galynker has also been concerned with the harmful consequences of family exclusion from psychiatric treatment, which he associated with an increased risk of violence and suicide as well as poor outcomes [57] [58] His opinions on the role of family (and staff) in preventing campus violence and reducing student suicide risks have been published by ABC News, [59] the New York Times, [60] and The Wall Street Journal. [61] Galynker has written an acclaimed book, Talking to Families About Mental Illness, on how to involve family in psychiatric treatment, as well as an advice book on how to recognize the right romantic partner, "Choosing Right: A Psychiatrist's Guide to Starting a New Relationship" (ASIN   B00C6D7BRE).

Galynker uses media appearances to educate the public about mental illness and mental health, aiming to reduce and ultimately eliminate the stigma of mental illness. His opinions on many topics related to mental illness and mental health have been cited by abcnews.com, [62] aolhealth.com, [63] The Associated Press, [64] cnn.com, [65] The Daily News, [66] gawker.com, [67] Le Generaliste, [68] health.com, [69] JAMA, [70] lifescript.com, [71] The New York Times [72] , [73] [74] Newsday, [75] PrimaryCareClinician.com, [76] Psychiatric Times, [77] Psychopharmacology Update, [78] wired.com, [79] The Wall Street Journal, [80] Forbes Health, [81] Psychiatric News, [82] [83] NBC Universal, [84] Slate, [85] and MEDSCAPE. [86]

Recently, Galynker has been making media appearances discussing the importance of Narrative Crisis Model of Suicide and Suicidal Crisis Syndrome and the insights it can offer clinicians and patients in assessing and treating imminent suicide risk. He has been interviewed by psychological blogs and appeared on multiple podcasts, including APA publications, MDEdge, [87] Going Mental with Eileen Kelly podcast, [88] the Madhappy Podcast, [89]  and Medicating Normal podcast. [90]

In 2021, the American Foundation for Suicide Prevention published a spotlight interview piece with Galynker, in which he discusses his career in suicide research and prevention [91]

Photography

In 2021, Dr. Galynker published his first street photography book WE, [92] which includes photographs of the Soviets and the New Yorkers, captured before and after his immigration to the US. He also maintains a street photography website featuring images taken across the globe. [93]

Books

Selected podcasts

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bipolar disorder</span> Mental disorder that causes periods of depression and abnormally elevated mood

Bipolar disorder, previously known as manic depression, is a mental disorder characterized by periods of depression and periods of abnormally elevated mood that each last from days to weeks. If the elevated mood is severe or associated with psychosis, it is called mania; if it is less severe and does not significantly affect functioning, it is called hypomania. During mania, an individual behaves or feels abnormally energetic, happy or irritable, and they often make impulsive decisions with little regard for the consequences. There is usually also a reduced need for sleep during manic phases. During periods of depression, the individual may experience crying and have a negative outlook on life and poor eye contact with others. The risk of suicide is high; over a period of 20 years, 6% of those with bipolar disorder died by suicide, while 30–40% engaged in self-harm. Other mental health issues, such as anxiety disorders and substance use disorders, are commonly associated with bipolar disorder.

Bipolar I disorder is a type of bipolar spectrum disorder characterized by the occurrence of at least one manic episode, with or without mixed or psychotic features. Most people also, at other times, have one or more depressive episodes. Typically, these manic episodes can last at least 7 days for most of each day to the extent that the individual may need medical attention, while the depressive episodes last at least 2 weeks.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cognitive behavioral therapy</span> Type of therapy to improve mental health

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a form of psychotherapy that aims to reduce symptoms of various mental health conditions, primarily depression, PTSD and anxiety disorders. Cognitive behavioral therapy focuses on challenging and changing cognitive distortions and their associated behaviors to improve emotional regulation and develop personal coping strategies that target solving current problems. Though it was originally designed to treat depression, its uses have been expanded to include many issues and the treatment of many mental health and other conditions, including anxiety, substance use disorders, marital problems, ADHD, and eating disorders. CBT includes a number of cognitive or behavioral psychotherapies that treat defined psychopathologies using evidence-based techniques and strategies.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Major depressive disorder</span> Mood disorder

Major depressive disorder (MDD), also known as clinical depression, is a mental disorder characterized by at least two weeks of pervasive low mood, low self-esteem, and loss of interest or pleasure in normally enjoyable activities. Introduced by a group of US clinicians in the mid-1970s, the term was adopted by the American Psychiatric Association for this symptom cluster under mood disorders in the 1980 version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-III), and has become widely used since. The disorder causes the second-most years lived with disability, after lower back pain.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mood disorder</span> Mental disorder affecting the mood of an individual, over a long period of time

A mood disorder, also known as an affective disorder, is any of a group of conditions of mental and behavioral disorder where the main underlying characteristic is a disturbance in the person's mood. The classification is in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) and International Classification of Diseases (ICD).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Borderline personality disorder</span> Personality disorder of emotional instability

Borderline personality disorder (BPD), also known as emotionally unstable personality disorder (EUPD), is a personality disorder characterized by a pervasive, long-term pattern of significant interpersonal relationship instability, a distorted sense of self, and intense emotional responses. People diagnosed with BPD frequently exhibit self-harming behaviours and engage in risky activities, primarily due to challenges regulating emotional states to a healthy, stable baseline. Symptoms such as dissociation, a pervasive sense of emptiness, and an acute fear of abandonment are prevalent among those affected.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Self-harm</span> Intentional injury to ones body

Self-harm is intentional conduct that is considered harmful to oneself. This is most commonly regarded as direct injury of one's own skin tissues usually without a suicidal intention. Other terms such as cutting, self-injury, and self-mutilation have been used for any self-harming behavior regardless of suicidal intent. Common forms of self-harm include damaging the skin with a sharp object or by scratching, hitting, or burning. The exact bounds of self-harm are imprecise, but generally exclude tissue damage that occurs as an unintended side-effect of eating disorders or substance abuse, as well as societally acceptable body modification such as tattoos and piercings.

Schizoaffective disorder is a mental disorder characterized by symptoms of both schizophrenia (psychosis) and mood disorder - either bipolar disorder or depression. The main diagnostic criterion is the presence of psychotic symptoms for at least two weeks without prominent mood symptoms. Common symptoms include hallucinations, delusions, disorganized speech and thinking, as well as mood episodes. Schizoaffective disorder can often be misdiagnosed when the correct diagnosis may be psychotic depression, bipolar I disorder, schizophreniform disorder, or schizophrenia. This is a problem as treatment and prognosis differ greatly for most of these diagnoses. Many people with schizoaffective disorder have other mental disorders including anxiety disorders.

Adjustment disorder is a maladaptive response to a psychosocial stressor. It is classified as a mental disorder. The maladaptive response usually involves otherwise normal emotional and behavioral reactions that manifest more intensely than usual, causing marked distress, preoccupation with the stressor and its consequences, and functional impairment.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Suicide prevention</span> Collective efforts to reduce the incidence of suicide

Suicide prevention is a collection of efforts to reduce the risk of suicide. Suicide is often preventable, and the efforts to prevent it may occur at the individual, relationship, community, and society level. Suicide is a serious public health problem that can have long-lasting effects on individuals, families, and communities. Preventing suicide requires strategies at all levels of society. This includes prevention and protective strategies for individuals, families, and communities. Suicide can be prevented by learning the warning signs, promoting prevention and resilience, and committing to social change.

Neuropsychiatry is a branch of medicine that deals with psychiatry as it relates to neurology, in an effort to understand and attribute behavior to the interaction of neurobiology and social psychology factors. Within neuropsychiatry, the mind is considered "as an emergent property of the brain", whereas other behavioral and neurological specialties might consider the two as separate entities. Those disciplines are typically practiced separately.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Suicidal ideation</span> Thoughts, ideas, or ruminations about the possibility of ending ones life

Suicidal ideation, or suicidal thoughts, is the thought process of having ideas, or ruminations about the possibility of completing suicide. It is not a diagnosis but is a symptom of some mental disorders, use of certain psychoactive drugs, and can also occur in response to adverse life events without the presence of a mental disorder.

The emphasis of the treatment of bipolar disorder is on effective management of the long-term course of the illness, which can involve treatment of emergent symptoms. Treatment methods include pharmacological and psychological techniques.

Suicide risk assessment is a process of estimating the likelihood for a person to attempt or die by suicide. The goal of a thorough risk assessment is to learn about the circumstances of an individual person with regard to suicide, including warning signs, risk factors, and protective factors. Risk for suicide is re-evaluated throughout the course of care to assess the patient's response to personal situational changes and clinical interventions. Accurate and defensible risk assessment requires a clinician to integrate a clinical judgment with the latest evidence-based practice, although accurate prediction of low base rate events, such as suicide, is inherently difficult and prone to false positives.

A suicide crisis, suicidal crisis or potential suicide is a situation in which a person is attempting to kill themselves or is seriously contemplating or planning to do so. It is considered by public safety authorities, medical practice, and emergency services to be a medical emergency, requiring immediate suicide intervention and emergency medical treatment. Suicidal presentations occur when an individual faces an emotional, physical, or social problem they feel they cannot overcome and considers suicide to be a solution. Clinicians usually attempt to re-frame suicidal crises, point out that suicide is not a solution and help the individual identify and solve or tolerate the problems.

In genetic epidemiology, endophenotype is a term used to separate behavioral symptoms into more stable phenotypes with a clear genetic connection. By seeing the EP notion as a special case of a larger collection of multivariate genetic models, which may be fitted using currently accessible methodology, it is possible to maximize its valuable potential lessons for etiological study in psychiatric disorders. The concept was coined by Bernard John and Kenneth R. Lewis in a 1966 paper attempting to explain the geographic distribution of grasshoppers. They claimed that the particular geographic distribution could not be explained by the obvious and external "exophenotype" of the grasshoppers, but instead must be explained by their microscopic and internal "endophenotype". The endophenotype idea represents the influence of two important conceptual currents in biology and psychology research. An adequate technology would be required to perceive the endophenotype, which represents an unobservable latent entity that cannot be directly observed with the unaided naked eye. In the investigation of anxiety and affective disorders, the endophenotype idea has gained popularity.

Bipolar II disorder (BP-II) is a mood disorder on the bipolar spectrum, characterized by at least one episode of hypomania and at least one episode of major depression. Diagnosis for BP-II requires that the individual must never have experienced a full manic episode. Otherwise, one manic episode meets the criteria for bipolar I disorder (BP-I).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Grandiose delusions</span> Subtype of delusion

Grandiose delusions (GDs), also known as delusions of grandeur or expansive delusions, are a subtype of delusion characterized by extraordinary belief that one is famous, omnipotent, wealthy, or otherwise very powerful. Grandiose delusions often have a religious, science fictional, or supernatural theme. Examples include the extraordinary belief that one is a deity or celebrity, or that one possesses extraordinary talents, accomplishments, or superpowers.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Depression in childhood and adolescence</span> Pediatric depressive disorders

Major depressive disorder, often simply referred to as depression, is a mental disorder characterized by prolonged unhappiness or irritability. It is accompanied by a constellation of somatic and cognitive signs and symptoms such as fatigue, apathy, sleep problems, loss of appetite, loss of engagement, low self-regard/worthlessness, difficulty concentrating or indecisiveness, or recurrent thoughts of death or suicide.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Differential diagnoses of depression</span> Differential diagnoses

Depression, one of the most commonly diagnosed psychiatric disorders, is being diagnosed in increasing numbers in various segments of the population worldwide. Depression in the United States alone affects 17.6 million Americans each year or 1 in 6 people. Depressed patients are at increased risk of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and suicide. Within the next twenty years depression is expected to become the second leading cause of disability worldwide and the leading cause in high-income nations, including the United States. In approximately 75% of suicides, the individuals had seen a physician within the prior year before their death, 45–66% within the prior month. About a third of those who died by suicide had contact with mental health services in the prior year, a fifth within the preceding month.

References

  1. 1 2 Galynker, Igor (2011). Talking to Families About Mental Illness: What Clinicians Need to Know (1st ed.). New York: W. W. Norton and Company, Inc. ISBN   9780393706000. OCLC   658536694.
  2. ↑ "Igor Galynker | Mount Sinai - New York". Mount Sinai Health System. Retrieved 2019-10-25.
  3. ↑ Cohen, Lisa J.; Grebchenko, Yuli F.; Steinfeld, Matthew; Frenda, Steven J.; Galynker, Igor I. (November 2008). "Comparison of Personality Traits in Pedophiles, Abstinent Opiate Addicts, and Healthy Controls: Considering Pedophilia as an Addictive Behavior". Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease. 196 (11): 829–837. doi:10.1097/NMD.0b013e31818b4e3d. ISSN   0022-3018. PMID   19008734. S2CID   1505984.
  4. ↑ "Can Suicide Scales Predict a Future Suicide Attempt?". Elements Behavioral Health. October 16, 2011.
  5. ↑ "Preventing suicide: What should clinicians do differently?". www.mdedge.com. Retrieved 2019-10-25.
  6. ↑ "Can a New Diagnosis Help Prevent Suicide?". Undark Magazine. 2019-09-11. Retrieved 2019-10-25.
  7. ↑ "Novel Suicide Prediction Tool Goes Beyond Patient Self-Reports". Medscape. Retrieved 2019-10-25.
  8. 1 2 Schuck, Allison; Calati, Raffaella; Barzilay, Shira; Bloch-Elkouby, Sarah; Galynker, Igor (May 2019). "Suicide Crisis Syndrome: A review of supporting evidence for a new suicide-specific diagnosis". Behavioral Sciences & the Law. 37 (3): 223–239. doi:10.1002/bsl.2397. ISSN   1099-0798. PMID   30900347. S2CID   85449010.
  9. ↑ "Suicide Research and Prevention Laboratory |". labs.icahn.mssm.edu. Retrieved 2019-10-25.
  10. ↑ Still, W C; Galynker, I (1981). "Chemical Consequences of Conformation in Macrocyclic Compounds" (PDF). Tetrahedron. 37 (23): 3981–3996. doi:10.1016/s0040-4020(01)93273-9.
  11. ↑ Rosenblatt, Gary. "Treating Bipolar Disorder: It Takes A Family". jewishweek.timesofisrael.com. Retrieved 2019-10-25.
  12. ↑ "Modular Assessment of Risk for Imminent Suicide: A Novel Tool for Suicide Prediction". AFSP. 2016-01-20. Archived from the original on 2019-10-25. Retrieved 2019-10-25.
  13. ↑ Hartocollis, A (June 4, 2008). "Clinic Treats Mental Illness by Enlisting the Family". The New York Times'. Retrieved March 19, 2014.
  14. ↑ Tsuei, Christina (April 14, 2011). "Shedding Light on Bipolar Disorder" (video). Wall Street Journal.
  15. ↑ Cohen, LJ; et al. (October 2018). "Suicide Crisis Syndrome Mediates the Relationship Between Long-term Risk Factors and Lifetime Suicidal Phenomena". Suicide Life Threat Behav. 48 (5): 613–623. doi:10.1111/sltb.12387. PMID 28833408. S2CID 7617638
  16. ↑ Cohen, LJ; et al. (April 2019). "The Suicidal Narrative and Its Relationship to the Suicide Crisis Syndrome and Recent Suicidal Behavior". Suicide Life Threat Behav. 49 (2): 413–422. doi:10.1111/sltb.12439. PMID 29397571. S2CID 27452371
  17. ↑ Bloch-Elkouby, Sarah; Gorman, Bernard; Lloveras, Lauren; Wilkerson, Timothy; Schuck, Allison; Barzilay, Shira; Calati, Raffaella; Schnur, David; Galynker, Igor (2020-12-01). "How do distal and proximal risk factors combine to predict suicidal ideation and behaviors? A prospective study of the narrative crisis model of suicide". Journal of Affective Disorders. 277: 914–926. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2020.08.088. ISSN 0165-0327
  18. ↑ Hartocollis, A (June 4, 2008). "Clinic Treats Mental Illness by Enlisting the Family". The New York Times'. Retrieved March 19, 2014.
  19. ↑ Tsuei, Christina (April 14, 2011). "Shedding Light on Bipolar Disorder" (video). Wall Street Journal.
  20. ↑ Galynker, I; Harvey, P (1992). "Neuropsychological screening in the psychiatric emergency room". Comprehensive Psychiatry. 33 (5): 291–295. doi:10.1016/0010-440x(92)90035-o. PMID   1395548.
  21. ↑ Kato, K; Galynker, I; et al. (1995). "Cognitive impairment in psychiatric patients and length of hospital stay". Comprehensive Psychiatry. 36 (3): 213–217. doi:10.1016/0010-440x(95)90084-9. PMID   7648845.
  22. ↑ Kroken, RA; Loberg, EM; et al. (2014). "A critical review of pro-cognitive drug treatments in psychosis: convergence on myelination and inflammation". Front Psychiatry. 5: 11. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2014.00011 . PMC   3912739 . PMID   24550848.
  23. ↑ Kumar, CT; Frangou, S (2010). "Clinical implications of cognitive function in bipolar disorder". Ther Adv Chronic Dis. 1 (3): 85–93. doi:10.1177/2040622310374678. PMC   3513860 . PMID   23251731.
  24. ↑ Prosser, J; London, E; Galynker, I (2009). "Sustained attention in patients receiving and abstinent following methadone maintenance treatment for opiate dependence: performance and neuroimaging results". Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 104 (3): 228–240. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2009.04.022. PMID   19608356.
  25. ↑ Galynker, I; Schlyer, D; et al. (1996). "In vivo studies of 11-C-buprenorphine in mice and baboons". J Nucl Med Biol. 23 (3): 325–331. doi: 10.1016/0969-8051(95)02087-X . PMID   8782244.
  26. ↑ Prosser, J; London, ED; Galynker, II (2009). "Sustained Attention in Patients Receiving and Abstinent Following Methadone Maintenance Treatment for Opiate Dependence: Performance and Neuroimaging Results". Drug Alcohol Depend. 104 (3): 228–40. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2009.04.022. PMID   19608356.
  27. ↑ Galynker, I; Eisenberg, D; et al. (2007). "Cerebral Metabolism and Mood in Remitted Opiate Dependence". Drug Alcohol Depend. 90 (2–3): 166–174. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2007.03.015. PMC   2063442 . PMID   17521829.
  28. ↑ Prosser, J; Cohen, LJ; et al. (2006). "Neuropsychological functioning in opiate-dependent subjects receiving and following methadone-maintenance treatment". Drug Alcohol Depend. 84 (3): 240–7. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2006.02.006. PMC   2067988 . PMID   16545923.
  29. ↑ Cohen, L; Galynker, I (2002). "Clinical features of pedophilia and implications for treatment". Journal of Psychiatric Practice. 8 (5): 276–289. doi:10.1097/00131746-200209000-00004. PMID   15985890. S2CID   22782583.
  30. ↑ Cohen, L; Nikiforov, K; et al. (2002). "Heterosexual male perpetrators of childhood sexual abuse: a preliminary neuropsychiatric model". Psychiatric Quarterly. 73 (4): 313–336. doi:10.1023/A:1020416101092. PMID   12418359. S2CID   44216270.
  31. ↑ Galynker, I; Cai, J; et al. (1998). "Hypofrontality and negative symptoms in major depressive disorder". Journal of Nuclear Medicine. 39 (4): 608–612. PMID   9544664.
  32. ↑ Galynker, I; Khan, A; et al. (2005). "Low-dose risperidone and quetiapine as monotherapy for comorbid anxiety and depression". The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. 66 (544): 2005. doi: 10.4088/jcp.v66n0420f . PMID   15816805.
  33. ↑ "Quetiapine". MedlinePlus. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  34. ↑ Galynker, I; Cohen, L; et al. (2011). "Disparities in diagnosis of bipolar disorder in individuals of African and European descent: a review". Journal of Psychiatric Practice. 17 (6): 394–403. doi:10.1097/01.pra.0000407962.49851.ef. PMID   22108396. S2CID   1878317.
  35. ↑ Cohen, Lisa Janet; Mokhtar, Radwa; Richards, Jenelle; Hernandez, Michelle; Bloch-Elkouby, Sarah; Galynker, Igor (April 2022). "The Narrative-Crisis Model of suicide and its prediction of near-term suicide risk". Suicide & Life-Threatening Behavior. 52 (2): 231–243. doi:10.1111/sltb.12816. ISSN   1943-278X. PMID   34766360.
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