Burke grew up in Richmond, Virginia, where her mother, Louise Burke, was a committed conservationist, who, as the first woman to chair the Richmond City Planning Commission, co-led the effort to create James River Park. Burke earned a bachelor's degree in biology from Middlebury College and a doctorate in botany from the University of Wyoming.[1] At Middlebury, Burke had planned to major in English, but after taking a science class in which they examined the role of photosynthesis in aquatic environments she became fascinated by the topic of environmental science. She soon decided to switch her major to biology after realizing that she could spend her life working outside and conducting scientific investigations as a profession.[2] After graduating from Middlebury, she started a PhD track at Dartmouth College. There, she had planned to study a phenomenon known as “fir waves,” in which rows of balsam fir trees die collectively, forming arresting patterns across the landscape, but when her advisor accepted a position at the University of Wyoming, Burke decided to move, too.
She has published over 170 peer-reviewed articles, chapter, books, and reports, including the investigation of a significant project titled, "A Regional Assessment of Land Use Effects on Ecosystem Structure and Function in the Central Grasslands" from 1996-1999. This project had major implications for understanding and managing ecosystems in the central United States.[5]
The Importance of Land-Use Legacies to Ecology and Conservation (2003) BioScience, Vol 53, Issue 1, 77–88[7]
Texture, Climate, and Cultivation Effects on Soil Organic Matter Content in U.S. Grassland Soils (1989) Soil Science Society of America Journal, Vol. 53 No. 3, 800-805[8]
Global-Scale Similarities in Nitrogen Release Patterns During Long-Term Decomposition (2007) Science, Vol. 315, Issue 5810, 361-364[9]
Plant-Soil Interactions in Temperate Grasslands (1998) "Biogeochemistry," Vol. 42, No. 1/2, pp. 121-143
Regional and Temporal Variation in Net Primary Production and Nitrogen Mineralization in Grasslands (1997) "Ecology," Vol. 78, no. 5: 1330–40 https://doi.org/10.2307/2266128.
ANPP Estimates From NDVI for the Central Grasslands Region of The United States (1997) Ecology, Vol. 78, No 3, 953-958[10]
Interactions Between Individual Plant Species and Soil Nutrient Status in Shortgrass Steppe (1995) Ecology, Vol. 76, No 4, 45-52[11]
2019 Fellow, Ecological Society of America, for advancing our understanding of ecosystem processes, in particular nitrogen and carbon cycling in grasslands.[13][14]
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