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General aviation (GA) is defined by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) as all civil aviation aircraft operations except for commercial air transport or aerial work, which is defined as specialized aviation services for other purposes. However, for statistical purposes, ICAO uses a definition of general aviation which includes aerial work.
The International Civil Aviation Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations that coordinates the principles and techniques of international air navigation, and fosters the planning and development of international air transport to ensure safe and orderly growth. The ICAO headquarters are located in the Quartier international de Montréal of Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
PKD may stand for:
The Convention on International Civil Aviation, also known as the Chicago Convention, established the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), a specialized agency of the United Nations charged with coordinating international air travel. The Convention establishes rules of airspace, aircraft registration and safety, security, and sustainability, and details the rights of the signatories in relation to air travel. The convention also contains provisions pertaining to taxation.
The largest airlines in the world can be measured in several ways. As of 2023, Delta Air Lines was the largest by revenue, assets, market capitalization, fleet size and brand value; American Airlines Group by passengers carried and employees; FedEx Express by freight tonne-kilometers; Southwest Airlines by routes; and Turkish Airlines by countries served.
A biometric passport is a traditional passport that has an embedded electronic microprocessor chip, which contains biometric information that can be used to authenticate the identity of the passport holder. It uses contactless smart card technology, including a microprocessor chip and antenna embedded in the front or back cover, or centre page, of the passport. The passport's critical information is printed on the data page of the passport, repeated on the machine readable lines and stored in the chip. Public key infrastructure (PKI) is used to authenticate the data stored electronically in the passport chip, supposedly making it expensive and difficult to forge when all security mechanisms are fully and correctly implemented.
United States passports are passports issued to citizens and non-citizen nationals of the United States of America. They are issued exclusively by the U.S. Department of State. Besides passports, limited-use passport cards are issued subject to the same requirements. It is unlawful for US citizens and nationals to enter or exit the country without a valid US passport or passport-replacement document compliant with the Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative, though there are many exceptions; waivers are generally granted for U.S. citizens returning without a passport, and the exit requirement is not enforced. As of June 2024, a United States passport allows visa-free travel to 186 countries and territories, being ranked as the twenty-eighth most powerful in the world in terms of travel freedom per the Henley Passport Index.
A Canadian passport is the passport issued to citizens of Canada. It enables the bearer to enter or re-enter Canada freely; travel to and from other countries in accordance with visa requirements; facilitates the process of securing assistance from Canadian consular officials abroad, if necessary; and requests protection for the bearer while abroad.
This is a list of airline codes. The table lists IATA's two-character airline designators, ICAO's three-character airline designators and the airline call signs. Historical assignments are also included.
A German passport is an identity document issued to nationals of Germany for the purpose of international travel. A German passport is, besides the German ID card and the German Emergency Travel Document, the only other officially recognised document that German authorities will routinely accept as proof of identity from German citizens. Besides serving as proof of identity and presumption of German nationality, they facilitate the process of securing assistance from German consular officials abroad. German passports are valid for ten years or six years and share the standardised layout and burgundy red design with other EU passports. Every German citizen is also a citizen of the European Union. The passport, along with the national identity card, allows for free rights of movement and residence in any of the states of the European Union, European Economic Area and Switzerland.
Civil aviation is one of two major categories of flying, representing all non-military and non-state aviation, both private and commercial. Most countries in the world are members of the International Civil Aviation Organization and work together to establish common Standards and Recommended Practices for civil aviation through that agency.
Bundesdruckerei produces documents and devices for secure identification and offers corresponding services. It is based in the Berlin district of Kreuzberg. In addition to complete passport and ID card systems, the security printing house also offers ID documents, high-security cards, document checking devices, security software and trust center services. Bundesdruckerei also produces banknotes, stamps, visas, vehicle documents, tobacco revenue stamps and electronic publications. It was founded as Reichsdruckerei in 1879 and existed under this name until 1945. The Ottoman Halid Hamid reported in 1918 that the print was of remarkable quality and they were even able to print Egyptian hieroglyphs in prints for Museums in Egypt. Further they printed in a variety of scripts such as Cyrillic, Georgian, Armenian, Arabic, Kurdish or Syriac among others.
The Cameroon Civil Aviation Authority is a public administrative establishment responsible for implementing civil aviation regulations, overseeing air transport and airport development, and ensuring civil aviation safety and security.
As of 1 May 2023, most visitors wishing to enter Suriname can stay without a visa for up to 90 days. However, visitors from some countries must first obtain a visa before being allowed into the country. Surinamese visas are documents issued with the stated goal of regulating and facilitating migratory flows. All visitors must hold a passport valid for 6 months.
Supplemental access control (SAC) is a set of security features defined by ICAO for protecting data contained in electronic travel documents. SAC specifies the Password Authenticated Connection Establishment (PACE) protocol, which itself supplements and improves upon the Basic Access Control (BAC) protocol also established by ICAO. PACE, like BAC, prevents two types of attacks:
The Immigration & Passport Police Office is a subdivision of Law Enforcement Command of Islamic Republic of Iran with the authority to issue Iranian passports and deals with Immigrants to Iran. The agency is a member of ICAO's Public Key Directory (PKD).
References
- ↑ "Frequently Asked Questions". ICAO. Retrieved 11 March 2024.
- ↑ "UN Imports PKD Country Signing Certificate". International Civil Aviation Organization. October 2012.
- 1 2 3 4 "ICAO PKD Participants". International Civil Aviation Organization . Retrieved 2018-11-20.
- ↑ "Bundesdruckerei macht das Reisen weltweit sicherer". Bundesdruckerei GmbH. July 2015. Archived from the original on 2020-06-15. Retrieved 2015-07-03.
- 1 2 "PKD Fee Schedule 2016" (PDF).
- ↑ "PKD Fee Schedule 2024" (PDF).
- ↑ "PKD Fee Schedule 2023" (PDF).
- ↑ "PKD Fee Schedule 2022" (PDF).
- ↑ "PKD Fee Schedule 2021" (PDF).
- ↑ "PKD Fee Schedule 2020" (PDF).
- ↑ "PKD Fee Schedule 2019" (PDF).
- ↑ "PKD Fee Schedule 2018" (PDF).
- ↑ "PKD Fee Schedule 2017" (PDF).
- ↑ "PKD Fee Schedule 2015" (PDF).
- ↑ "PKD Fee Schedule 2014" (PDF).
- ↑ "PKD Fee Schedule 2013" (PDF).
