International Encyclopedia of Systems and Cybernetics

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The book International Encyclopedia of Systems and Cybernetics is an authoritative encyclopedia [1] for systems theory, cybernetics, the complex systems science, which covers both theories and applications in areas as engineering, biology, medicine and social sciences. This book first published in 1997 aimed to give an overview over more than 40 years developments in the field of Systems and Cybernetics. [2]

This book offers a collection of more than 3000 keywords and articles of Systems and Cybernetics. Many items contain quotes from authors from the field.

The book is edited by Belgian systems scientist and diplomat Charles François [3] with an Academic board including members such as John N. Warfield, Robert Trappl, Ranulph Glanville, G. A. Swanson, [4] Nicholas Paritsis, [5] Daniel Dubois, [6] Heiner Benking, [7] Francisco Parra Luna, [8] Anthony Judge,Markus Schwaninger, [9] Gerhard Chroust, G. A. Swanson, Matjaž Mulej [10] and Stuart Umpleby.

The first edition was published in 1997 in one volume with 450 pages by publisher K.G. Saur in Munich. The second edition was published in 2004, in two volumes and 741 pages by the same publisher. This update consisted of 1700 articles, some of them with figures, tables and diagrams, and 1500 bibliographical references. [11] The genesis of the Encyclopedia was published by Anthony Judge in the Wall Street Journal and as Festschrift in 2001: UIA - Saur Relations: Sharing a Documentary Pilgrimage. [12]

Related Research Articles

Systems theory is the transdisciplinary study of systems, i.e. cohesive groups of interrelated, interdependent components that can be natural or artificial. Every system has causal boundaries, is influenced by its context, defined by its structure, function and role, and expressed through its relations with other systems. A system is "more than the sum of its parts" by expressing synergy or emergent behavior.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Norbert Wiener</span> American mathematician and philosopher (1894–1964)

Norbert Wiener was an American computer scientist, mathematician and philosopher. He became a professor of mathematics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). A child prodigy, Wiener later became an early researcher in stochastic and mathematical noise processes, contributing work relevant to electronic engineering, electronic communication, and control systems.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Systems thinking</span> Examining complex systems as a whole

Systems thinking is a way of making sense of the complexity of the world by looking at it in terms of wholes and relationships rather than by splitting it down into its parts. It has been used as a way of exploring and developing effective action in complex contexts, enabling systems change. Systems thinking draws on and contributes to systems theory and the system sciences. See Donella Meadows, Thinking In Systems: A Primer

<span class="mw-page-title-main">W. Ross Ashby</span> English psychiatrist (1903–1972)

William Ross Ashby was an English psychiatrist and a pioneer in cybernetics, the study of the science of communications and automatic control systems in both machines and living things. His first name was not used: he was known as Ross Ashby.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Systems science</span> Study of the nature of systems

Systems science, also referred to as systems research, or, simply, systems, is a transdisciplinary field concerned with understanding systems—from simple to complex—in nature, society, cognition, engineering, technology and science itself. The field is diverse, spanning the formal, natural, social, and applied sciences.

<i>Encyclopedia of World Problems and Human Potential</i> Online encyclopedia

The Encyclopedia of World Problems and Human Potential(EWPHP) is a research work published by the Union of International Associations (UIA). It is available online since 2000, and was previously available as a CD-ROM and as a three-volume book.

Second-order cybernetics, also known as the cybernetics of cybernetics, is the recursive application of cybernetics to itself and the reflexive practice of cybernetics according to such a critique. It is cybernetics where "the role of the observer is appreciated and acknowledged rather than disguised, as had become traditional in western science". Second-order cybernetics was developed between the late 1960s and mid 1970s by Heinz von Foerster and others, with key inspiration coming from Margaret Mead. Foerster referred to it as "the control of control and the communication of communication" and differentiated first order cybernetics as "the cybernetics of observed systems" and second-order cybernetics as "the cybernetics of observing systems".

Clinamen is the Latin name Lucretius gave to the unpredictable swerve of atoms, in order to defend the atomistic doctrine of Epicurus. In modern English it has come more generally to mean an inclination or a bias.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gordon Pask</span> British cybernetician and psychologist (1928–1996)

Andrew Gordon Speedie Pask was a British cybernetician, inventor and polymath who made during his lifetime multiple contributions to cybernetics, educational psychology, educational technology, epistemology, chemical computing, architecture, and the performing arts. During his life he gained three doctorate degrees. He was an avid writer, with more than two hundred and fifty publications which included a variety of journal articles, books, periodicals, patents, and technical reports. He also worked as an academic and researcher for a variety of educational settings, research institutes, and private stakeholders including but not limited to the University of Illinois, Concordia University, the Open University, Brunel University and the Architectural Association School of Architecture. He is known for the development of conversation theory.

Ranulph Glanville was an Anglo-Irish cybernetician and design theorist. He was a founding vice-president of the International Academy for Systems and Cybernetic Sciences (2006–2009) and president of the American Society for Cybernetics (2009–2014).

Charles François was a Belgian administrator, editor and scientist in the fields of cybernetics, systems theory and systems science, internationally known for his main work the International Encyclopedia of Systems and Cybernetics.

Debora Hammond is an American historian of science, former Provost and Professor Emerita of Interdisciplinary Studies of the Hutchins School of Liberal Studies at the Sonoma State University. She is known as author of the 2003 book The Science of Synthesis: Exploring the Social Implications of General Systems Theory, and as 2005–06 President of International Society for the Systems Sciences.

Social entropy is a sociological theory that evaluates social behaviours using a method based on the second law of thermodynamics. The equivalent of entropy in a social system is considered to be wealth or residence location. The term "social entropy" was first used by physicist Peter Tait in 1874. The theory was introduced by Kenneth D. Bailey in 1990 and recently extended by Roumen Tsekov, who related social entropy to liberty and economic freedom.

Gale Alden (G.A.) Swanson was an American organizational theorist, and Professor of Accounting at Tennessee Technological University, known for his accounting theories based on James Grier Miller’s general living systems theory.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Anthony Judge</span>

Anthony Judge, is mainly known for his career at the Union of International Associations (UIA), where he has been Director of Communications and Research, as well as Assistant Secretary-General. He was responsible at the UIA for the development of interlinked databases and for publications based on those databases, mainly the Encyclopedia of World Problems and Human Potential, the Yearbook of International Organizations, and the International Congress Calendar. Judge has also personally authored a collection of over 1,600 documents of relevance to governance and strategy-making. All these papers are freely available on his personal website Laetus in Praesens. Now retired from the UIA, he is continuing his research within the context of an initiative called Union of Imaginable Associations.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cybernetics</span> Transdisciplinary field concerned with regulatory and purposive systems

Cybernetics is a field of systems science that studies circular causal systems whose outputs are also inputs, such as feedback systems. It is concerned with the general principles of circular causal processes, including in ecological, technological, biological, cognitive and social systems and also in the context of practical activities such as designing, learning, and managing.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Alexander Laszlo (scientist)</span>

Alexander Laszlo (*1964) is a polycultural systems scientist, currently residing in Argentina.

Markus Schwaninger is an Austrian economist and Professor of Management at the University of St. Gallen, Switzerland, and Director of the International World Organization of Systems and Cybernetics. He is known for his co-authorship of the St. Galler Management-Model.

Kenneth M. Sayre was an American philosopher who spent most of his career at the University of Notre Dame (ND). His early career was devoted mainly to philosophic applications of artificial intelligence, cybernetics, and information theory. Later on his main interests shifted to Plato, philosophy of mind, and environmental philosophy. His retirement in 2014 was marked by publication of a history of ND's Philosophy Department, Adventures in Philosophy at Notre Dame.

References

  1. Peter A. Corning (2005). Holistic Darwinism: synergy, cybernetics, and the bioeconomics of evolution. p.147.
  2. "Not Found" (PDF).
  3. John P. Van Gigch (2006). Wisdom, knowledge, and management: a critique and analysis of Churchman's. p.xxvii
  4. "President GA Swanson". Archived from the original on 2012-04-24. Retrieved 2011-12-17.
  5. "Not Found" (PDF).
  6. "Modélisation et Méthodes Mathématiques - Université de Liège".
  7. "General Thinking".
  8. "Francisco Parra - Luna".
  9. "Markus Schwaninger", Wikipedia (in German), 2021-12-08, retrieved 2024-01-24
  10. "ManBetX客户端网页版-主站进入".
  11. "STRATO - Domain not available". benking.de. Retrieved 2024-01-24.
  12. "UIA - Saur Relations: Sharing a Documentary Pilgrimage | Union of International Associations". uia.org. Retrieved 2024-01-24.