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Cobalt-60 (60Co) is a synthetic radioactive isotope of cobalt with a half-life of 5.2714 years. It is produced artificially in nuclear reactors. Deliberate industrial production depends on neutron activation of bulk samples of the monoisotopic and mononuclidic cobalt isotope 59
Co
. Measurable quantities are also produced as a by-product of typical nuclear power plant operation and may be detected externally when leaks occur. In the latter case the incidentally produced 60
Co
is largely the result of multiple stages of neutron activation of iron isotopes in the reactor's steel structures via the creation of its 59
Co
precursor. The simplest case of the latter would result from the activation of 58
Fe
. 60
Co
undergoes beta decay to the stable isotope nickel-60. The activated cobalt nucleus emits two gamma rays with energies of 1.17 and 1.33 MeV, hence the overall equation of the nuclear reaction is: 59
27Co
+ n → 60
27Co
→ 60
28Ni
+ e− + 2 γ
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References
- 1 2 3 Grahame W. Gould (31 December 1995). New Methods of Food Preservation. Springer. pp. 106–107. ISBN 978-0-8342-1341-8.
- ↑ G. Gould (1 January 1996). Food Irradiation: A Reference Guide. Woodhead Publishing. p. 169. ISBN 978-1-85573-359-6.
- ↑ Amit Kumar (2 April 2008). "Food Irradiation and Development of an Alternative Method for the Detection of 2-alkylcyclobutanone" (PDF). Retrieved 6 December 2013.
- ↑ J. Farkas (1977). "Five years' experience of the international facility for food irradiation technology". Radiation Physics and Chemistry. 25 (1–3): 227–231. Bibcode:1985RaPC...25..227F. doi:10.1016/0146-5724(85)90268-7.
- ↑ "Laka publikaties: ITAL 1-geschiedenis". laka.org. 15 September 2006. Retrieved 8 December 2013.
- ↑ J. van Kooij (1984). "Food irradiation makes progress" (PDF). IAEA Bulletin. 26 (2): 17–21. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 December 2013. Retrieved 15 December 2023.
- ↑ "Search Results". WorldCat. Retrieved 10 December 2013.
- ↑ József Farkas and Csilla Mohácsi-Farkas (2011). "History and future of food irradiation". Trends in Food Science & Technology. Elsevier. 22 (2–3): 121–126. doi:10.1016/j.tifs.2010.04.002.
- ↑ "Ari Brynjólfsson heiðraður af bandarískum kjarnorkuvísindamönnum: Tallinn fremstur í geislarannsóknum". Tíminn. No. 271. 25 November 1988. p. 6. Retrieved 2 December 2013.