Iso-Heikkilä Observatory

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Iso-Heikkilä Observatory
Iso-Heikkilan tahtitorni talvi.jpg
OrganizationTurun Ursa ry
Observatory code 062   OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg
Location Iso-Heikkilä, Turku, Finland
Coordinates 60°27′07″N22°13′47″E / 60.45205°N 22.2298°E / 60.45205; 22.2298
Established1937 (1937)
Website www.astro.utu.fi
www.ursa.fi/yhd
Telescopes
unnamed15 cm telescope
unnamed13 cm telescope
unnamed19 cm Schmidt-Väisälä camera
Finland adm location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Location of Iso-Heikkilä Observatory

Iso-Heikkilä Observatory (Finnish : Iso-Heikkilän tähtitorni, Swedish : Storheikkilä observatorium) is an amateur astronomical observatory used by a local amateur astronomical association, Turun Ursa ry in the Iso-Heikkilä district of Turku, Finland.

Contents

Referred to as Turku Observatory ( 062 ) by the Minor Planet Center, it was previously operated by the University of Turku from 1937 to 1972, and is the observatory where several Finnish discoverers of minor planets made their observations.

History

The observatory was originally owned by the department of astronomy of the University of Turku. It was built in 1935 and 1936, and technically designed by physics and astronomy professor Yrjö Väisälä. Väisälä's research team discovered a total of 807 minor planets and 7 comets at the observatory. Väisälä also contributed significantly to research in the areas of optics and surveying.

As the city expanded and a steel factory was built under a kilometer away from the observatory, the astronomy department of the university moved to Tuorla Observatory in the 1950s. In the 1960s, an apartment building area was built in Iso-Heikkilä, preventing any observations of low-sky objects in all directions except north. Iso-Heikkilä remained in the use of students for some time, until the university gave up its ownership completely in 1972. The observatory building and the site are now owned by the city of Turku.

The observatory is currently operated by Turun Ursa ry, an astronomical association founded by Yrjö Väisälä in 1928. The association arranged in Väisälä's time and continues to arrange stargazing events for the general public at the observatory. The members use the observatory, as well as the Kevola Observatory, for amateur astronomical observations.

Instruments and facilities

The observatory has two 6-meter domes in the East-West direction. The main instruments of the association are located in the western dome: the 15 and 13 centimeter telescopes made by Yrjö Väisälä and a 19 cm Schmidt-Väisälä camera. In the past, the dome has housed a 50 centimeter wide-angle camera which is nowadays located in the Kevola Observatory – it was the telescope used to discover the aforementioned minor planets and comets.

Standard baseline

In the forest further away from the observatory, about 200 metres (660 ft) to the northeast, is a concrete pillar used by Yrjö Väisälä in the 1940s in his baseline measurements. The Väisälä comparator has been used in important baseline measurements around the world.

Another pillar that remains today is located 500 metres (1,600 ft) to the southwest from the previous one, in a forest across the railway.

See also

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tuorla Observatory</span> Observatory

Tuorla Observatory is the Department of Astronomy at the University of Turku, southwest Finland. It is the largest astronomical research institute in Finland. Together with the Space Research Laboratory at the Physics Department of the University of Turku, it forms the Väisälä Institute of Space Physics and Astronomy (VISPA).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ursa (Finland)</span>

Ursa Astronomical Association is the largest astronomical association in Finland. Ursa was founded on 2 November 1921. Founding members include a renowned Finnish astronomer Yrjö Väisälä. In 1926 Ursa established the Ursa Observatory in Kaivopuisto district of Helsinki. In 2007 the Tähtikallio Observatory & Education Center was established in Artjärvi, its current equipment includes an Astrofox 36" Folded Newtonian Open tube telescope, an Alluna 16" Ritchey-Chrétien telescope, a Meade 16" LX200GPS Schmidt-Cassegrain telescope, a Sky-Watcher ED 120mm refractor telescope fitted with a Baader AstroSolar Solar Filter and a piggybacked Coronado SolarMax 40 H-Alpha telescope. Ursa's primary functions include advancing amateur astronomy and astronomical education. They have published a magazine Tähdet ja avaruus since 1971 and have provided awards to exceptional members of amateur astronomy for significant astronomical observations since 1988. Anyone can join Ursa for an annual fee.

1477 Bonsdorffia, provisional designation 1938 CC, is a background asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 29 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 6 February 1938, by astronomer Yrjö Väisälä at the Iso-Heikkilä Observatory in Turku, Finland. The asteroid was named after Finnish astronomer Ilmari Bonsdorff, who founded the Finnish Geodetic Institute.

1541 Estonia, provisional designation 1939 CK, is an asteroid from the central regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 21 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 12 February 1939, by astronomer Yrjö Väisälä at the Iso-Heikkilä Observatory near Turku, Finland. The asteroid was named after the Baltic country of Estonia.

1453 Fennia, provisional designation 1938 ED1, is a stony Hungaria asteroid and synchronous binary system from the innermost regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 7 kilometers in diameter. Discovered by Yrjö Väisälä at the Turku Observatory in 1938, the asteroid was later named after the Nordic country of Finland. The system's minor-planet moon was discovered in 2007. It has a derived diameter of 1.95 kilometers and is orbiting its primary every 23.55 hours.

1460 Haltia, provisional designation 1937 WC, is a stony background asteroid from the central regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 8 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 24 November 1937, by Finnish astronomer Yrjö Väisälä at the Iso-Heikkilä Observatory in Turku, Finland. The asteroid was named after Halti (Haltia), Finland's highest peak on the border to Norway.

1532 Inari, provisional designation 1938 SM, is a stony Eoan asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 28 kilometers in diameter. Discovered by Yrjö Väisälä at Turku Observatory in 1938, it was later named for Lake Inari in northern Finland.

1479 Inkeri, provisional designation 1938 DE, is an asteroid from the central regions of the asteroid belt. It is an exceptionally slow rotator, suspected tumbler and measures approximately 19 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 16 February 1938, by Finnish astronomer Yrjö Väisälä at the Iso-Heikkilä Observatory in Turku, Finland. "Inkeri" is the name of two of the discoverer's younger relatives as well as the local name of the former Finnish province of Ingria.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1450 Raimonda</span> Background asteroid

1450 Raimonda, provisional designation 1938 DP, is a background asteroid from the central regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 15 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 20 February 1938, by astronomer Yrjö Väisälä at the Iso-Heikkilä Observatory in Turku, Finland. The asteroid was named after Dutch astronomer Jean Jacques Raimond, Jr.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1533 Saimaa</span>

1533 Saimaa, provisional designation 1939 BD, is a stony Eos asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 26 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 19 January 1939, by astronomer Yrjö Väisälä at the Iso-Heikkilä Observatory near Turku, Finland. The asteroid was named after lake Saimaa in Finland.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1494 Savo</span>

1494 Savo, provisional designation 1938 SJ, is a stony background asteroid from the inner region of the asteroid belt, approximately 8 kilometers in diameter. Discovered by astronomer Yrjö Väisälä at the Turku Observatory in 1938, the asteroid was later named after the Finnish region of Savonia.

1425 Tuorla, provisional designation 1937 GB, is a stony Eunomian asteroid from the central regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 14 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 3 April 1937, by Finnish astronomer Kustaa Inkeri at the Iso-Heikkilä Observatory in Turku, southwestern Finland. The asteroid was named after the Tuorla Observatory of the University of Turku. It was Kustaa Inkeri's only asteroid discovery.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1496 Turku</span>

1496 Turku, provisional designation 1938 SA1, is a Florian asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 8 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 22 September 1938, by astronomer Yrjö Väisälä at the Iso-Heikkilä Observatory in Turku, Finland. The asteroid was named for the Finnish city of Turku.

1947 Iso-Heikkilä, provisional designation 1935 EA, is a carbonaceous Eos asteroid from the outer region of the asteroid belt, approximately 30 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 4 March 1935, by Finnish astronomer Yrjö Väisälä at Turku Observatory in Southwest Finland. It was named after the location of the discovering observatory, which is also known as the "Iso-Heikkilä Observatory".

1530 Rantaseppä, provisional designation 1938 SG, is a stony Florian asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 5 kilometers in diameter. Discovered by Yrjö Väisälä at Turku Observatory in 1938, it was later named after Finnish astronomer Hilkka Rantaseppä-Helenius.

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