 James Wide (left) with Jack | |
| Species | Baboon |
|---|---|
| Breed | Chacma baboon |
| Sex | Male |
| Died | 1890 South Africa |
| Cause of death | Tuberculosis |
| Resting place | Albany Museum |
| Occupation | Assistant to a disabled railway signalman |
| Notable role | Railway signaller |
| Years active | 9 |
| Owner | James Wide |
Jack (died 1890) was the name of a Chacma baboon who was an assistant to a disabled railway signalman, James Wide, in South Africa. [1]
Jack was the pet and assistant of double leg amputee signalman James Wide, who worked for the Cape Town–Port Elizabeth Railway service. James "Jumper" Wide had been known for jumping between railcars until an accident where he fell and lost both of his legs at the knee. [2] To assist in performing his duties, Wide purchased Jack in 1881, and trained him to push his wheelchair and to operate the railways signals under supervision.
An official investigation was initiated after someone reported that a baboon was observed changing railway signals at Uitenhage near Port Elizabeth. [3]
After initial skepticism, the railway decided to officially employ Jack once his job competency was verified. He was paid twenty cents a day, and half a bottle of beer each week. It is widely reported that in his nine years of employment with the railway company, Jack never made a single mistake. [4] [5]
Jack died of tuberculosis in 1890. [3] His skull is in the collection of the Albany Museum in Grahamstown.
According to a letter published in Nature , Jack
acted as a railway-man at Uitenhage in the Cape... The story was documented originally by the Rev. George Howe, in 1890, and then by F. W. Fitzsimons, director of the Port Elizabeth Museum. Fitzsimons' account... is published in the Cape Mercury of 29 May 1923. It relies on an interview with Wide, the written statements of 25 witnesses, filed in the museum collection, and on Howe's evidence. [6]
Jack was referenced on the second series of XFM Radio’s The Ricky Gervais Show by producer, Karl Pilkington as part of his regular feature, "Monkey News". [7] His recounting of the story was broadly accurate, but co-hosts Ricky Gervais and Stephen Merchant quickly disregarded the account.
The vervet monkey, or simply vervet, is an Old World monkey of the family Cercopithecidae native to Africa. The term "vervet" is also used to refer to all the members of the genus Chlorocebus. The five distinct subspecies can be found mostly throughout Southern Africa, as well as some of the eastern countries. These mostly herbivorous monkeys have black faces and grey body hair color, ranging in body length from about 40 cm (16 in) for females, to about 50 cm (20 in) for males.
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The chacma baboon, also known as the Cape baboon, is, like all other baboons, from the Old World monkey family. It is one of the largest of all monkeys. Located primarily in southern Africa, the chacma baboon has a wide variety of social behaviours, including a dominance hierarchy, collective foraging, adoption of young by females, and friendship pairings. These behaviors form parts of a complex evolutionary ecology. In general, the species is not threatened, but human population pressure has increased contact between humans and baboons. Hunting, trapping, and accidents kill or remove many baboons from the wild, thereby reducing baboon numbers and disrupting their social structure.
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Baboons are primates comprising the genus Papio, one of the 23 genera of Old World monkeys, in the family Cercopithecidae. There are six species of baboon: the hamadryas baboon, the Guinea baboon, the olive baboon, the yellow baboon, the Kinda baboon and the chacma baboon. Each species is native to one of six areas of Africa and the hamadryas baboon is also native to part of the Arabian Peninsula. Baboons are among the largest non-hominoid primates and have existed for at least two million years.
The Avontuur Railway is a closed railway line between Gqeberha and the town of Avontuur in the Western and Eastern Cape provinces of South Africa. It is the longest 610 mm narrow gauge route in the world at a length of 285 kilometres (177 mi). "Avontuur" is the Afrikaans and Dutch word for "adventure".
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The Cape Government Railways 1st Class 4-4-0TT of 1881 was a South African steam locomotive from the pre-Union era in the Cape of Good Hope.
The Cape Government Railways 3rd Class 4-4-0 of 1889 was a South African steam locomotive from the pre-Union era in the Cape of Good Hope.
The Cape Government Railways 3rd Class 4-4-0 of 1903 was a South African steam locomotive from the pre-Union era in the Cape of Good Hope.
The Cape Government Railways 1st Class 0-4-0ST of 1875 was a South African steam locomotive from the pre-Union era in the Cape of Good Hope.
The Cape Government Railways 0-4-0ST of 1881 was a South African steam locomotive from the pre-Union era in the Cape of Good Hope.
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