Jacques Raudot (1638 - 20 February 1728, Paris) was the co-Intendant of New France between 1705 and 1710 with his son Antoine-Denis Raudot. [1]
In 1709 Raudot issued an ordinance to clarify whether individuals could legally own slaves, in New France. [2] According to the Dictionary of Canadian Biography , Raudot "legalized the enslavement of Negroes and Pawnees."
Slavery in Canada includes historical practices of enslavement practised by both the First Nations until the latter half of the 19th century, and by colonists during the period of European colonization.
The Sovereign Council was a governing body in New France. It served as both Supreme Court for the colony of New France, as well as a policy-making body, though this latter role diminished over time. The council, though officially established in 1663 by King Louis XIV of France, was not created from whole cloth, but rather evolved from earlier governing bodies. As early as 1647, a council of three was created by the King. In 1648, this council was enlarged to include five members. The Sovereign Council came to be known as the Superior Council as early as June 16, 1703, when Louis XIV issued a royal edict referring to it as the Superior Council instead of its former name, and increasing the number of sitting Councilors from seven to twelve.
Charles de la Boische, Marquis de Beauharnois was a French Naval officer who served as Governor of New France from 1726 to 1746.
Events from the 1670s in Canada.
Events from the year 1705 in Canada.
Events from the year 1728 in Canada.
Jean-Baptiste Bissot, Sieur de Vincennes, was a Canadian soldier, explorer, and friend to the Miami Nation. He spent a number of years at the end of his life as an agent of New France among the Miami.
Charles le Moyne de Longueuil et de Châteauguay, was a French officer and merchant who was a prominent figure in the early days of Montreal. Born in Dieppe, France in Normandy, he came to New France in 1641. He became lord of Longueuil in Canada.
Michel Bégon de la Picardière was an early administrator in charge of the French colony of New France, in what is now the province of Quebec, Canada.
Antoine-Denis Raudot was the co-intendant of New France from 1705 to 1710, along with Jacques Raudot, his father.
Claude de Ramezay,, was an important figure in the early history of New France. He was a military man by training and rose to being commander of the colonial regular troops.
Jacques de Meulles, seigneur of La Source, was intendant (1682–86) and interim governor general of New France. He was the son of Pierre de Meulles, king's councillor, treasurer-general of war supplies; d. 1703.
Slavery in New France was practiced by some of the indigenous populations, which enslaved outsiders as captives in warfare, until European colonization that made commercial chattel slavery become common in New France. By 1750, two-thirds of the enslaved peoples in New France were indigenous, and by 1834, most enslaved people were black.
During and after the European colonization of the Americas, European settlers practiced widespread enslavement of Indigenous peoples. In the 15th Century, the Spanish introduced chattel slavery through warfare and the cooption of existing systems. A number of other European powers followed suit, and from the 15th through the 19th centuries, between two and five million Indigenous people were enslaved, which had a devastating impact on many Indigenous societies, contributing to the overwhelming population decline of Indigenous peoples in the Americas.
The Code noir was a decree passed by King Louis XIV of France in 1685 defining the conditions of slavery in the French colonial empire and served as the code for slavery conduct in the French colonies up until 1789 the year marking the beginning of the French Revolution. The decree restricted the activities of free people of color, mandated conversion to Catholicism for all enslaved people throughout the empire, defined the punishments meted out to them, and ordered the expulsion of all Jewish people from France's colonies.
Charles III Le Moyne (Longueuil, was the second baron de Longueuil. He succeeded his father Charles le Moyne de Longueuil, Baron de Longueuil in 1729. He became Governor of Montreal, and administrator by interim of New France.
The Raudot Ordinance of 1709 was a law in the French colony of New France that legalized slavery.
Events from the year 1762 in France
Panis was a term used for slaves of the First Nations descent in Canada, a region of New France. First Nation slaves were generally called Panis, with most slaves of First Nations descent having originated from Pawnee tribes. The term later became synonymous with "Indian slave" in the French colony, with a slave from any tribe being called Panis.
The Conseil Supérieur referred the litigants to Intendant Gilles Hocquart, who, basing his decision on Raudot's ordinance which had legalized the enslavement of Negroes and Pawnees, confirmed the judgement handed down by Raimbault in the case of the Comanche Pierre. The affair might have been the occasion for the king to issue a regulation concerning slavery, but he preferred that the judges respect Canadian custom. Pierre Raimbault had created a precedent.
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