The South-West State of Somalia,is a Federal Member State in southwestern Somalia. It was founded by Hasan Muhammad Nur Shatigadud,leader of the Somalia RRA on 1 April 2002. It was the third autonomous region to be established.
United Nations Operation in Somalia II was the second phase of the United Nations intervention in Somalia and took place from March 1993 until March 1995,following the outbreak of the Somali Civil War in 1991.
The Somali Civil War is an ongoing civil war that is taking place in Somalia. It grew out of resistance to the military junta which was led by Siad Barre during the 1980s. From 1988 to 1990,the Somali Armed Forces began engaging in combat against various armed rebel groups,including the Somali Salvation Democratic Front in the northeast,the Somali National Movement in the northwest,and the United Somali Congress in the south. The clan-based armed opposition groups overthrew the Barre government in 1991.
The Unified Task Force (UNITAF) was a United States-led,United Nations-sanctioned multinational force which operated in Somalia from 5 December 1992 until 4 May 1993. A United States initiative,UNITAF was charged with carrying out United Nations Security Council Resolution 794 to create a protected environment for conducting humanitarian operations in the southern half of the country.
Augustine Philip Mahiga was a Tanzanian diplomat and Minister of Justice and Constitutional Affairs in 2019 and 2020. He served as Minister of Foreign Affairs from 2015 to 2019. He previously served as the Permanent Representative of Tanzania to the United Nations from 2003 to 2010 and as the UN Special Representative and Head of the United Nations Political Office for Somalia from 2010 to 2013.
A Special Representative of the Secretary-General is a highly respected expert who has been appointed by the Secretary-General of the United Nations to represent them in meetings with heads of state on critical human rights issues. The representatives can carry out country visits to investigate alleged violations of human rights and act as negotiators on behalf of the United Nations.
The United Nations Department of Political and Peacebuilding Affairs (DPPA) is a department of the Secretariat of the United Nations (UN) with responsibility for monitoring and assessing global political developments and advising and assisting the UN Secretary General and his envoys in the peaceful prevention and resolution of conflict around the world. The department manages field-based political missions in Africa,Central Asia,and the Middle East,and has been increasing its professional capacities in conflict mediation and preventive diplomacy. DPPA also oversees UN electoral assistance to Member States of the organization. Established in 1992,the department's responsibilities also include providing secretariat support to the UN Security Council and two standing committees created by the General Assembly concerning the Rights of the Palestinian People and Decolonization. DPPA is based at the UN Headquarters in New York City.
Various international and local diplomatic and humanitarian efforts in the Somali Civil War have been in effect since the conflict first began in the early 1990s. The latter include diplomatic initiatives put together by the African Union,the Arab League and the European Union,as well as humanitarian efforts led by the Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA),UNICEF,the World Food Programme (WFP),the Puntland Maritime Police Force (PMPF) and the Somali Red Crescent Society (SRCS).
Sheikh Mukhtar Robow,also known as Abu Mansur,is a former deputy leader and former spokesman of the Somali militant group Al-Shabaab. In 2015,he defected from Al-Shabaab due to ideology issues after years of hiding in his hometown. In 2022,Robow was appointed as the Minister of Religious Affairs in the Somali government.
Somalia–United States relations are bilateral relations between the Federal Republic of Somalia and the United States of America. Somalia has an embassy in Washington,D.C.,and the United States maintains an embassy in Mogadishu which was reopened in late 2019.
William Lacy Swing was a diplomat and former United States Ambassador,and United Nations Special Representative of the Secretary-General and Under Secretary General. He was the Director-General of the International Organization for Migration until António Vitorino's appointment in 2018.
Michael Keating is the Executive Director of the European Institute of Peace,an independent conflict resolution organisation based in Brussels with activities in fifteen countries in Africa,the Middle East,Eastern Europe,Central Asia,and Latin America. He was the Special Representative of the Secretary-General for Somalia and Head of the United Nations Assistance Mission in Somalia (UNSOM) from January 2016 until September 2018.
Mohamed Osman Jawari,also known as Mohamed Jawari or Osman Jawari,is a Somali attorney and politician. He is former Speaker of the Federal Parliament of Somalia. He also briefly served as acting President of Somalia in August and September 2012.
Sir Nicholas Peter Kay is a British diplomat. He has served as the British ambassador to Afghanistan,Sudan and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. From 2013 to 2016 he was the United Nations Special Representative for Somalia.
Nicholas Roland Leybourne "Fink" Haysom is a South African lawyer and diplomat who focuses on democratic governance,constitutional and electoral reforms and the reconciliation and peace process. Since 2021,he has been serving as the Special Representative of the United Nations Secretary-General and Head of the United Nations Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS).
On 20 February 2015,Al-Shabaab militants launched a surprise attack on the Central Hotel in Mogadishu,Somalia,where various Federal Government of Somalia officials had gathered for Friday prayers at the compound's mosque. Between 11 and 25 people were killed,including the suicide bomber,local deputy mayor and two MPs. The Federal Cabinet subsequently announced the formation of a security committee to probe the circumstances surrounding the attack,as well as a ministerial committee to follow up on the situation. Security forces thereafter apprehended a number of suspects,and deployed more police and soldiers onto the city's main roads.
The Embassy of the United States of America to Somalia is a diplomatic mission of the United States in Mogadishu,Somalia from 1960 to 1991. In 1957,the US opened a consulate-general in Mogadishu—the capital of the Trust Territory of Somalia,a UN trusteeship under Italian administration. The consulate was upgraded to embassy status in July 1960,when the US recognized Somalia's independence and appointed an ambassador. The embassy served to counter Soviet influence during the Cold War and also served as a base for the United States Agency for International Development,which had a large presence in the country. In 1989,the embassy moved from a dilapidated building in central Mogadishu to a new compound on the outskirts of the city.
Lido Beach is a beach in Somalia's capital,Mogadishu,which overlooks the Somali Sea. The name Lido derives from the Italian word for "beach". The name Liido is also very popular among locals.
Anita Kiki Gbeho is a Ghanaian United Nations official who has been the Deputy Special Envoy for the United Nations Assistance Mission in Somalia (UNSOM) since 2020.
Germany–Somalia relations have intensified since 2012 after the political and security situation in Somalia improved,according to information from the German Foreign Office. Germany has not had an ambassador to Somalia since 1989,and the German Ambassador in Nairobi is responsible for relations with Somalia instead.
