Primate is a title or rank bestowed on some important archbishops in certain Christian churches. Depending on the particular tradition, it can denote either jurisdictional authority or (usually) ceremonial precedence.
Oliver Plunkett was the Catholic Archbishop of Armagh and Primate of All Ireland and the last victim of the Popish Plot. He was beatified in 1920 and canonised in 1975, thus becoming the first new Irish saint in almost seven hundred years.
Edmund Arrowsmith, SJ was one of the Forty Martyrs of England and Wales of the Catholic Church. The main source of information on Arrowsmith is a contemporary account written by an eyewitness and published a short time after his death. This document, conforming to the ancient style of the "Acts of martyrs" includes the story of the execution of another 17th-century recusant martyr, Richard Herst.
Ingulf was the Benedictine abbot of Crowland from 1087.
Robert Rochester was an English Catholic and Comptroller of the Household and a member of the Privy Council in the reign of Mary I.
George Dowdall was a sixteenth-century Irish cleric, who was twice Archbishop of Armagh.
Concobhar Ó Duibheannaigh was an Irish Franciscan priest from Donegal Abbey and Roman Catholic bishop during the religious persecution of the Catholic Church in Ireland that began during the reign of Henry VIII and ended only with Catholic Emancipation in 1829. Similarly to St. Polycarp of Smyrna, Bishop Ó Duibheannaigh was in his eighties when he was hanged, drawn and quartered outside the walls of Dublin. In September 1992, he was formally beatified by Pope John Paul II as one of the 24 officially recognized Irish Catholic Martyrs. His feast day is on June 20.
Richard Creagh was an Irish Roman Catholic clergyman who was the Archbishop of Armagh and Primate of All Ireland during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I. Along with the other Irish Catholic Martyrs, Archbishop Creagh is under investigation for possible Roman Catholic Sainthood. His current title is Servant of God.
John Cornelius also called Mohun, was an Irish Catholic priest and Jesuit born in Cornwall. He is a Catholic martyr, beatified in 1929.
Thomas Atkinson was an English Roman Catholic priest. He is a Catholic martyr, beatified in 1987.
Robert Dymoke, Dymock or Dymocke, of Scrivelsby, Lincolnshire was Queen's Champion of England and a devout Catholic recusant who was named a martyr after his death.
Raymond Caron, was an Irish Recollect Franciscan friar and author.
Sir John Talbot of Grafton, Worcestershire was a prominent recusant English Catholic layman of the reigns of Elizabeth I of England and James I of England. He was connected by marriage to one of the Gunpowder Plot conspirators, and by acquaintance or family ties to other important Catholic figures. He fell often under suspicion from the English government.
James Chadwick was an Anglo-Irish Roman Catholic priest, and second Bishop of Hexham and Newcastle. He is famous for writing the lyrics of the song Angels We Have Heard on High.
The Oaten Hill Martyrs were Catholic Martyrs who were executed by hanging, drawing and quartering at Oaten Hill, Canterbury, on 1 October 1588. The gallows had been put up in 1576. These four were beatified by Pope Pius XI in 1929.
George Browne D.D. was an English Augustinian who was appointed by Henry VIII of England to the vacant Episcopal see of Dublin. He became the king's main instrument in his desire to establish the state church in the Kingdom of Ireland. An iconoclast, during the Protestant Reformation he is noted for destroying the Bachal Isu, one of the symbols of authority of the Archbishop of Armagh.
Malachy Ó Caollaidhe, also known as Malachy Queally, Malachias Quælly, O'Queely or O'Quechly was an Irish Roman Catholic Archbishop of Tuam. He was called by Irish writers Maelseachlainn Ua Cadhla, by John Colgan Queleus, and erroneously by Thomas Carte, O'Kelly.
Sir Robert Dowdall was an Irish judge who held the office of Chief Justice of the Irish Common Pleas for more than forty years. He is mainly remembered today for the murderous assault on him by Sir James Keating, the Prior of Kilmainham, in 1462.
Sir Thomas Percy was a participant in the 1537 Bigod's Rebellion in the aftermath of the Pilgrimage of Grace, a Catholic uprising against King Henry VIII. He was convicted of treason and hanged, drawn and quartered at Tyburn. The Catholic Encyclopedia (1913) states that he "is considered a martyr by many".
Sir Henry TichbornePC (Ire) (1581–1667) was an English soldier and politician. He excelled at the Siege of Drogheda during the Irish Rebellion of 1641. He governed Ireland as one of the two Lord Justices from 1642 to 1644. In 1647, he fought under Michael Jones against the Irish Catholic Confederates in the Battle of Dungan's Hill. He was given the Beaulieu Manor by Cromwell and its possession was confirmed to him at the Restoration.
