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William Burn was a Scottish architect. He received major commissions from the age of 20 until his death at 81. He built in many styles and was a pioneer of the Scottish Baronial Revival, often referred to as the golden age of Scottish architecture.
General Alexander Lindsay, 6th Earl of Balcarres, 23rd Earl of Crawford, styled Lord Balniel until 1768, was a Scottish peer, military officer, politician and colonial administrator who served as the governor of Jamaica from 1795 to 1801.
The First Maroon War was a conflict between the Jamaican Maroons and the colonial British authorities that started around 1728 and continued until the peace treaties of 1739 and 1740. It was led by Indigenous Nubian's born to the land who helped liberate Africans to set up communities in the mountains who were coming off of slave ships. The name "Maroon" was given to these Africans, and for many years they fought the British colonial Government of Jamaica for their freedom. The maroons were very skilled, particularly in guerrilla warfare. It was followed about half a century later by the Second Maroon War.
The Second Maroon War of 1795–1796 was an eight-month conflict between the Maroons of Cudjoe's Town, a Maroon settlement later renamed after Governor Edward Trelawny at the end of First Maroon War, located near Trelawny Parish, Jamaica in the St James Parish, and the British colonials who controlled the island. The Windward communities of Jamaican Maroons remained neutral during this rebellion and their treaty with the British still remains in force. Accompong Town, however, sided with the colonial militias, and fought against Trelawny Town.
Tacky's Revolt was a slave rebellion in the British colony of Jamaica which lasted from 7 April 1760 to 1761. Spearheaded by self-emancipated Coromantee people, the rebels were led by a Fante royal named Tacky. It was the most significant slave rebellion in the West Indies between the 1733 slave insurrection on St. John and the 1791 Haitian Revolution. The rebels were eventually defeated after British colonial forces, assisted by Jamaican Maroons, waged a gruelling counterinsurgency campaign. According to historian Trevor Burnard, "[in] terms of its shock to the imperial system, only the American Revolution surpassed Tacky's War in the eighteenth century." It was also the largest slave rebellion in the British West Indies until the Baptist War of 1831, which also occurred in Jamaica.
Jamaican Maroons descend from Africans who freed themselves from slavery on the Colony of Jamaica and established communities of free black people in the island's mountainous interior, primarily in the eastern parishes. Africans who were enslaved during Spanish rule over Jamaica (1493–1655) may have been the first to develop such refugee communities.
Major-General The Honourable George Walpole, was a British soldier and politician. He gained distinction after suppressing the Maroon insurrection in Jamaica in 1795. After entering Parliament in 1797, he served as Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs from 1806 to 1807 in the Ministry of All the Talents headed by Lord Grenville.
The Crown Colony of Jamaica and Dependencies was a British colony from 1655, when it was captured by the English Protectorate from the Spanish Empire. Jamaica became a British colony from 1707 and a Crown colony in 1866. The Colony was primarily used for sugarcane production, and experienced many slave rebellions over the course of British rule. Jamaica was granted independence in 1962.
Colonel Edward Trelawny was a British Army officer, politician and colonial administrator who served as the governor of Jamaica from April 1738 to September 1752. He is best known for his role in signing the treaty which ended the First Maroon War between the colony of Jamaica and the Jamaican Maroons. Trelawny also sat in the British House of Commons from 1724 to 1735, representing the constituencies of West Looe and East Looe.
Cudjoe's Town was located in the mountains in the southern extremities of the parish of St James, close to the border of Westmoreland, Jamaica.
Montague James was a Maroon leader of Cudjoe's Town in the last decade of eighteenth-century Jamaica. It is possible that Maroon colonel Montague James took his name from the white superintendent of Trelawny Town, John Montague James.
Andrew Smith was a Maroon officer from Cudjoe's Town. His brother, Charles Samuels, was also an officer from Trelawny Town, and both officers reported to Colonel Montague James.
Hamilton Brown was an Irish-born planter and politician who resided in Saint Ann Parish, Jamaica, which he represented in the House of Assembly of Jamaica for 22 years. Brown founded the settlement of Hamilton Town in Saint Ann Parish, which was named after him.
William Rodon Rennalls was a lawyer in Jamaica and barrister of the Middle Temple in London. He was elected to the House of Assembly of Jamaica in 1820 for the Parish of Saint Catherine.
Peter Robertson was a planter and slave-owner in Jamaica. He owned Dunrobin Plantation, Friendship Valley Pen, Prospect pen, and the Weybridge Estate, and had interests in others. He was elected to the House of Assembly of Jamaica in 1820 for the parish of Saint Thomas-in-the-East.
William Shand was elected to the House of Assembly of Jamaica in 1820 for the parish of Saint John.
Free black people in Jamaica fell into two categories. Some secured their freedom officially, and lived within the slave communities of the Colony of Jamaica. Others ran away from slavery, and formed independent communities in the forested mountains of the interior. This latter group included the Jamaican Maroons, and subsequent fugitives from the sugar and coffee plantations of coastal Jamaica.
Stewart Town is a historic town that was established in Trelawny Parish, Jamaica in 1812. It was named after James Stewart, the Custos for Trelawney Parish 1800-1821.
Stewart Castle was a sugar plantation in Trelawney, Jamaica.
References
- ↑ Hakewill, James. (1825) A Picturesque Tour of the Island of Jamaica, From Drawings Made in the Years 1820 and 1821. London: Hurst and Robinson & E. Lloyd. p. 13.
- ↑ Votes of the Honourable House of Assembly of Jamaica, in a Session Begun October 31, 1820, and ended January 8, 1821.. Alexander Aikman, Jamaica, 1821. p. 3.
- 1 2 "James Stewart II". Legacies of British Slavery. University College London.
- ↑ "James Stewart (1762-1828) - Find a Grave Memorial". www.findagrave.com. Find a Grave. Retrieved 10 February 2022.
- ↑ "Stewart Castle - Trelawny· National Library of Jamaica Digital Collection". nljdigital.nlj.gov.jm. National Library of Jamaica. Retrieved 8 February 2022.
- ↑ "History of Trelawny Jamaica - part 6". www.jamaicanfamilysearch.com. Jamaican Family Research. Retrieved 8 February 2022.
- ↑ Galle, Jillian. "Sugar, Slavery, and What They Left Behind". Feast. Retrieved 9 February 2022.
