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References
- ↑ "Black members of the Alabama Legislature who served during reconstruction - Alabama Historical Markers on Waymarking.com". www.waymarking.com.
- ↑ "Clipping from The Montgomery Advertiser - Newspapers.com". Montgomery Advertiser.
- ↑ Fitzgerald, Michael W. (1998). "Republican Factionalism and Black Empowerment: The Spencer-Warner Controversy and Alabama Reconstruction, 1868-1880". The Journal of Southern History. 64 (3): 473–494. doi:10.2307/2587791. JSTOR 2587791 – via JSTOR.
- ↑ "Congressional Serial Set". 1876.
- ↑ "Benton". Encyclopedia of Alabama.
- ↑ Senate, Alabama Legislature (October 4, 1873). "Journal of the Senate of the State of Alabama" – via Google Books.
- ↑ Neither Carpetbaggers Nor Scalawags by Richard Bailey page 343
- ↑ Freedom's Lawmakers by Eric Foner Louisiana State University Press (1996) page 143
- ↑ "United States Congressional Serial Set". U.S. Government Printing Office. October 4, 1882 – via Google Books.
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