Jean-Pierre Duval, born February 20, 1754 in Rouen, died August 23, 1817 in Paris) was a politician of the French Revolution.
In 1778, Jean-Pierre Duval became a lawyer in the Parlement of Rouen. In September 1792, while serving as clerk of the central office of justices of the peace in Rouen, Duval was elected deputy for the department of Seine-Inférieure, to the National Convention. [1] During the trial of Louis XVI, he voted for detention and perpetual banishment, and spoke in favour of the appeal to the people and a stay of execution. [1] [2] He did not participate in the vote on the indictment of Jean-Paul Marat in April 1793, nor in the vote on the reestablishment of the Commission of Twelve in May of the same year.
Under the Directory, from 17 October 1795-15 May 1797 he was a member of the Council of Five Hundred, again representing Seine-Inférieure. [1] He was Minister of Police from 29 October 1798 until 23 June 1799. [3] [2] During the Consulate, he sat, again for Seine-Inférieure, in the Corps législatif from 25 December 1799-1 July 1803, serving as its chair from 21 January-5 February 1800. [1]
On 12 Pluviôse Year XIII (February 1, 1805) he was appointed prefect of the Basses-Alpes, stationed in Digne where he remained from 1805 to March 1815. He was confirmed in his position during the First Restoration and at the beginning of the Hundred Days. On Napoleon's return, at the beginning of March 1815, he did not organise any armed defense at Sisteron, which he considered impossible, but he hastened to accommodate both camps (Louis XVIII and the Emperor). He was then appointed by Napoleon on 6 April 6, 1815 to the prefecture of Charente, a post from which he was dismissed in July 1815 during the Second Restoration. [1]
Lucien Bonaparte, 1st Prince of Canino and Musignano, was a French politician and diplomat of the French Revolution and the Consulate. He served as Minister of the Interior from 1799 to 1800 and as the president of the Council of Five Hundred in 1799.
Seine-Maritime is a department of France in the Normandy region of northern France. It is situated on the northern coast of France, at the mouth of the Seine, and includes the cities of Rouen and Le Havre. Until 1955 it was named Seine-Inférieure. It had a population of 1,255,633 in 2019.
Jean-Andoche Junot, Duke of Abrantes was a French military officer who served in the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars. He is best known for leading the French invasion of Portugal in 1807.
Joseph Fouché, 1st Duc d'Otrante, 1st Comte Fouché was a French statesman, revolutionary, and Minister of Police under First Consul Napoleon Bonaparte, who later became a subordinate of Emperor Napoleon. He was particularly known for the ferocity with which he suppressed the Lyon insurrection during the Revolution in 1793 and for being a highly competent minister of police under the Directory, the Consulate, and the Empire. In 1815, he served as President of the Executive Commission, which was the provisional government of France installed after the abdication of Napoleon. In English texts, his title is often translated as Duke of Otranto.
Jean Joseph Dessolles, 1st Marquis Dessolles was a French soldier and statesman. He was the Prime Minister of France from 29 December 1818 to 18 November 1819.
Charles-François Lebrun, 1st duc de Plaisance was a French statesman who served as Third Consul of the French Republic and was later created Arch-Treasurer by Napoleon I.
Louis Pierre Édouard, Baron Bignon was a French diplomat and historian.
Nicolas François, Count Mollien, was a French financier. The son of a merchant, he early showed ability, and entered the ministry of finance, where he rose rapidly; in 1784, at the time of the renewal of the arrangements with the tax-farmers-general, he was practically chief in that department and made terms advantageous to the national exchequer.
Claude Jacques Lecourbe was a French general during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic wars.
Jean-Antoine-Joseph de Bry, also spelled Debry, was a French politician of the French Revolution. He served as President of the National Convention, and is famous for the slogan La patrie est en danger he proposed.
Jean Baptiste Camille de Canclaux was a French army commander during the French Revolution and a Peer of France. He joined a cavalry regiment the French Royal Army in 1756 and fought at Minden in the Seven Years' War. He attained the rank of maréchal de camp in 1788 and lieutenant general in 1792. He commanded the Army of the Coasts of Brest from May until October 1793 fighting several actions during the War in the Vendée. Replaced for political reasons, he led the Army of the West in 1794–1795. He held interior posts during the rest of the French Revolutionary Wars and under the First French Empire of Napoleon.
The Second White Terror occurred in France in 1815–1816, following the defeat of Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo and the enthronement of Louis XVIII as King of France after the Hundred Days. Suspected sympathizers of the French Revolution, Republicans, Bonapartists and, to a minor degree, Protestants, suffered persecution. Several hundred were killed by angry mobs or executed after a quick trial at a drumhead court-martial.
The First French Empire or French Empire and also known as Napoleonic France, was the empire ruled by Napoleon Bonaparte, who established French hegemony over much of continental Europe at the beginning of the 19th century. It lasted from 18 May 1804 to 4 April 1814 and again briefly from 20 March 1815 to 7 July 1815, when Napoleon was exiled to St. Helena.
Pierre Marie Barthélemy Ferino,, was a general and politician of France. Born in the Savoy, he was the son of a low-ranking officer in the Habsburg military. In 1789, during the French Revolution, he went to France, where he received a commission in the French Army. In 1793, his troops deposed him, for his strict discipline, but he was immediately reinstated and rose rapidly through the ranks of the general staff. He helped to push the Austrians back to Bavaria in the 1796 summer campaign, and then covered Moreau's retreat to France later that year, defending the Rhine bridge at Hüningen until the last units had crossed to safety.
The Académie des Sciences, Belles-Lettres et Arts de Rouen is a learned society created by letters patent of Louis XV on 17 June 1744.
Marie Louis Hercule Hubert Corbineau was a French soldier of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.
Nicolas Léonard Beker or Nicolas Léonard Becker or Nicolas Léonard Bagert, joined the French army as a dragoon before the French Revolutionary Wars and rose in rank to become a general officer. In 1800 he married the sister of Louis Desaix, who was killed at the Battle of Marengo. He led an infantry brigade in the 1805 campaign and commanded a dragoon division in 1806 and 1807. In 1809 he became chief of staff to Marshal André Masséna but ran afoul of Emperor Napoleon and was banished from the army for several years.
Jacques Defermon des Chapelières was a French statesman during the French Revolution and a supporter of Napoleon Bonaparte and the French Empire.
Louis Stanislas de Girardin was a French general, prefect, and deputy, who was close to Joseph-Napoléon Bonaparte.
Achille Libéral, count Treilhard was a French lawyer and administrator. He was briefly Prefect of Police in Paris in 1830.