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Optica is a professional society of individuals and companies with an interest in optics and photonics. It publishes journals and organizes conferences and exhibitions. It currently has about 488,000 customers in 183 countries, including nearly 300 companies.
Theodore Harold Maiman was an American engineer and physicist who is widely credited with the invention of the laser. Maiman's laser led to the subsequent development of many other types of lasers. The laser was successfully fired on May 16, 1960. In a July 7, 1960, press conference in Manhattan, Maiman and his employer, Hughes Aircraft Company, announced the laser to the world. Maiman was granted a patent for his invention, and he received many awards and honors for his work. His experiences in developing the first laser and subsequent related events are recounted in his book, The Laser Odyssey, later being republished in 2018 under a new title, The Laser Inventor: Memoirs of Theodore H. Maiman.
The term biophotonics denotes a combination of biology and photonics, with photonics being the science and technology of generation, manipulation, and detection of photons, quantum units of light. Photonics is related to electronics and photons. Photons play a central role in information technologies, such as fiber optics, the way electrons do in electronics.
SPIE is an international not-for-profit professional society for optics and photonics technology, founded in 1955. It organizes technical conferences, trade exhibitions, and continuing education programs for researchers and developers in the light-based fields of physics, including: optics, photonics, and imaging engineering. The society publishes peer-reviewed scientific journals, conference proceedings, monographs, tutorial texts, field guides, and reference volumes in print and online. SPIE is especially well-known for Photonics West, one of the laser and photonics industry's largest combined conferences and tradeshows which is held annually in San Francisco. SPIE also participates as partners in leading educational initiatives, and in 2020, for example, provided more than $5.8 million in support of optics education and outreach programs around the world.
At 2,501.9 metres (8,208 ft) above sea level, Säntis is the highest mountain in the Alpstein massif of northeastern Switzerland. It is also the culminating point of the whole Appenzell Alps, between Lake Walen and Lake Constance. Shared by three cantons, the mountain is a highly visible landmark thanks to its exposed northerly position within the Alpstein massif. As a consequence, houses called Säntisblick can be found in regions as far away as the Black Forest in Germany. Säntis is among the most prominent summits in the Alps and the most prominent summit in Europe with an observation deck on the top. The panorama from the summit is spectacular. Six countries can be seen if the weather allows: Switzerland, Germany, Austria, Liechtenstein, France, and Italy.
ICFO – The Institute of Photonic Sciences is a research center devoted to the science and technology of light. Located in Castelldefels, ICFO was created in 2002 by the Government of Catalonia and the Technical University of Catalonia.
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Anne Geneviève L'Huillier is a French physicist, and professor of atomic physics at Lund University in Sweden.
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Boris Nikolaevich Chichkov, born 1955 in Novokuznetsk is a German-Russian Physicist whose research focus is on the development of novel laser technologies and their applications in material processing, photonics, and biomedicine.
Paras Nath Prasad is an Indian chemist. He is the SUNY Distinguished Professor at the University at Buffalo and holds a tenured faculty appointment in the department of Chemistry. In addition, he also holds non-tenured appointments in Physics, Medicine, and Electrical Engineering at the University at Buffalo and serves as the Executive Director of the Institute for Lasers, Photonics and Biophotonics.
Igor Meglinski is a British, New Zealand and Finnish scientist serving as a principal investigator at the College of Engineering & Physical Sciences at the Aston University, where he is a Professor in Quantum Biophotonics and Biomedical Engineering. He is a Faculty member in the School of Engineering and Technology at the Departments of Mechanical, Biomedical & Design Engineering, and is also associated with the Aston Institute of Photonic Technologies (AIPT) and Aston Research Centre for Health in Ageing (ARCHA).
Ludger Wöste is a German physicist and professor at the Free University of Berlin. He is known for research in laser control of chemistry and laser-based weather control through the creation of plasma channels by laser filamentation in air.
References
- ↑ "Conference to Explore Laser-based Weather Control". photonics.com. Retrieved 20 September 2017.
- ↑ "Research :: GAP Biophotonics". www.unige.ch. Retrieved 2021-09-19.
- ↑ "The man who wants to control the weather with lasers". Jacopo Prisco. CNN. 24 April 2015. Retrieved 25 April 2015.
- ↑ "Conference to Explore Laser-based Weather Control". photonics.com. Retrieved 25 April 2015.
- ↑ "Weather could be controlled using lasers". The Telegraph. 27 August 2013. Retrieved 25 April 2015.
- ↑ Wolf, Jean-Pierre. "Short-pulse lasers for weather control". Reports on Progress in Physics. 81 (2): 026001. doi:10.1088/1361-6633/aa8488/meta.
- ↑ "The man who wants to control the weather with lasers". Jacopo Prisco. CNN. 24 April 2015. Retrieved 20 September 2017.
- ↑ Ltd, SPIE Europe. "Swiss pair share 2018 Zeiss Research Award". optics.org. Retrieved 2018-02-19.
- ↑ Houard, Aurélien; Walch, Pierre; Produit, Thomas (2023-01-16). "Laser-guided lightning". Nature Photonics. 17 (3): 231–235. doi:10.1038/s41566-022-01139-z. ISSN 1749-4893.
- ↑ Prisco, Jacopo (2021-07-12). "Scientists are trying to control lightning with a giant laser". CNN. Retrieved 2024-01-08.
