Jean Harvey

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Jean Harvey, PhD, RDN, is currently the Robert L. Bickford, Jr. Endowed Professor, the Associate Dean for Research, and the Chair of the Department of Nutrition and Food Science in the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences at the University of Vermont. [1] Her specialty is behavioral weight management with a specific focus on technology-based programs.

Contents

Biography

Harvey received her Bachelor of Science and Master of Science degrees from Pennsylvania State University. She completed her fellowship in Adolescent Nutrition at the University of Washington in 1984. She received her doctorate in epidemiology from the University of Pittsburgh in 1991, advised by Rena Wing, PhD. She has been a faculty member at the University of Vermont in the Department of Nutrition and Food Science since 1991. [2]

Research

Harvey is known for her work on technology-based weight management programs such as the Vtrim and iREACH programs. [3] [4] [5] [6] She also co-authored the Eating Well Diet book (with the editors of Eating Well magazine). [7]

Technology-Based Weight Management Research

Harvey found that participants in the interactive television program (VTrim) were as successful at losing weight as participants in the standard in-person program, and the television approach was more cost-effective. [8] She found that participants who received internet-based support had similar weight maintenance to those who continued to meet in person. [9]

In the first iREACH trial, she and her colleagues compared an internet-based program (based on VTrim) to an in-person program and to a hybrid approach. [10] They found that the internet-based approach achieved lower weight losses compared to the in-person condition, with no difference between the internet and hybrid approaches. [11] [12] In the second trial, they examined the potential of motivational interviewing to close the gap they found in weight loss in the first iREACH trial between weight losses in the internet-based program compared to the in-person program, but found no difference in weight losses [13] [14] The third trial investigates whether the addition of financial incentives for weight management behaviors and weight management outcomes will enhance online outcomes. [15]

Research on Dietary Self-Monitoring

Harvey and colleagues compared monitoring with personal digital assistants to paper-and-pencil monitoring. [16] They found that neither method produced better weight loss or self-monitoring adherence. In later research, they examined patterns of dietary self-monitoring in an online behavioral weight management program, and they found that different patterns of self-monitoring adherence emerged in the first four weeks of the program, such that those who had many continuous runs of self-monitoring log-ins were more likely to achieve clinically significant weight loss (>5%). [17] In addition, they found no evidence of disparities in online dietary self-monitoring based on race or education level. In further research, theyfound that those who logged foods in a dietary monitoring website at least 2 times per day and at least 20 days within the month were more likely to achieve clinically significant weight loss (>5%). [18] [19]

Awards

Related Research Articles

Dieting is the practice of eating food in a regulated way to decrease, maintain, or increase body weight, or to prevent and treat diseases such as diabetes and obesity. As weight loss depends on calorie intake, different kinds of calorie-reduced diets, such as those emphasising particular macronutrients, have been shown to be no more effective than one another. As weight regain is common, diet success is best predicted by long-term adherence. Regardless, the outcome of a diet can vary widely depending on the individual.

Orthorexia nervosa is a proposed eating disorder characterized by an excessive preoccupation with eating healthy food. The term was introduced in 1997 by American physician Steven Bratman, who suggested that some people's dietary restrictions intended to promote health may paradoxically lead to unhealthy consequences, such as social isolation, anxiety, loss of ability to eat in a natural, intuitive manner, reduced interest in the full range of other healthy human activities, and, in rare cases, severe malnutrition or even death.

Binge eating disorder (BED) is an eating disorder characterized by frequent and recurrent binge eating episodes with associated negative psychological and social problems, but without the compensatory behaviors common to bulimia nervosa, OSFED, or the binge-purge subtype of anorexia nervosa.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Weight loss</span> Reduction of the total body mass

Weight loss, in the context of medicine, health, or physical fitness, refers to a reduction of the total body mass, by a mean loss of fluid, body fat, or lean mass. Weight loss can either occur unintentionally because of malnourishment or an underlying disease, or from a conscious effort to improve an actual or perceived overweight or obese state. "Unexplained" weight loss that is not caused by reduction in calorific intake or increase in exercise is called cachexia and may be a symptom of a serious medical condition.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fad diet</span> Popular diet with claims not supported by science

A fad diet is a diet that is popular, generally only for a short time, similar to fads in fashion, without being a standard scientific dietary recommendation, and often making unreasonable claims for fast weight loss or health improvements; as such it is often considered a type of pseudoscientific diet. Fad diets are usually not supported by clinical research and their health recommendations are not peer-reviewed, thus they often make unsubstantiated statements about health and disease.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Healthy diet</span> Type of diet

A healthy diet is a diet that maintains or improves overall health. A healthy diet provides the body with essential nutrition: fluid, macronutrients such as protein, micronutrients such as vitamins, and adequate fibre and food energy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Childhood obesity</span> Obesity in children

Childhood obesity is a condition where excess body fat negatively affects a child's health or well-being. As methods to determine body fat directly are difficult, the diagnosis of obesity is often based on BMI. Due to the rising prevalence of obesity in children and its many adverse health effects it is being recognized as a serious public health concern. The term overweight rather than obese is often used when discussing childhood obesity, as it is less stigmatizing, although the term overweight can also refer to a different BMI category. The prevalence of childhood obesity is known to differ by sex and gender.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Very-low-calorie diet</span> Diet with very or extremely low daily food energy consumption

A very-low-calorie diet (VLCD), also known as semistarvation diet and crash diet, is a type of diet with very or extremely low daily food energy consumption. VLCDs are defined as a diet of 800 kilocalories (3,300 kJ) per day or less. Modern medically supervised VLCDs use total meal replacements, with regulated formulations in Europe and Canada which contain the recommended daily requirements for vitamins, minerals, trace elements, fatty acids, protein and electrolyte balance. Carbohydrates may be entirely absent, or substituted for a portion of the protein; this choice has important metabolic effects. Medically supervised VLCDs have specific therapeutic applications for rapid weight loss, such as in morbid obesity or before a bariatric surgery, using formulated, nutritionally complete liquid meals containing 800 kilocalories or less per day for a maximum of 12 weeks.

Night eating syndrome (NES) is classified as an Other Specified Feeding or Eating Disorder (OSFED) under the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5). It involves recurrent episodes of night eating after awakening from sleep or after the evening meal. Awareness and recall of the eating is present, which is a key characteristic that differentiates the disorder from Sleep-Related Eating Disorder (SRED). Although there is some degree of comorbidity with binge eating disorder (BED), it differs from binge eating in that the amount of food consumed in the night is not necessarily objectively large nor is a loss of control over food intake required. The syndrome causes significant distress or functional impairment and cannot be better explained by external influences such as changes in the sleep-wake cycle, social norms, substance use, medication, or another mental or medical disorder.

Sizeism, weightism or size discrimination is unjust or prejudicial treatment directed at people based on their size.

Intermittent fasting is any of various meal timing schedules that cycle between voluntary fasting and non-fasting over a given period. Methods of intermittent fasting include alternate-day fasting, periodic fasting, such as the 5:2 diet, and daily time-restricted eating.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Weight management</span> Techniques for maintaining body weight

Weight management comprises behaviors, techniques, and physiological processes that contribute to a person's ability to attain and maintain a healthy weight. Most weight management techniques encompass long-term lifestyle strategies that promote healthy eating and daily physical activity. Weight management generally includes tracking weight over time and identifying an individual's ideal body weight.

Research into food choice investigates how people select the food they eat. An interdisciplinary topic, food choice comprises psychological and sociological aspects, economic issues and sensory aspects.

Social stigma of obesity is bias or discriminatory behaviors targeted at overweight and obese individuals because of their weight and high body fat percentage. Such social stigmas can span one's entire life as long as excess weight is present, starting from a young age and lasting into adulthood. Studies also indicate overweight and obese individuals experience higher levels of stigma compared to other people. Stigmatization of obesity is usually associated with increased health risks (morbidity) of being overweight or obese and the possibility of a shorter lifespan (mortality).

Hedonic hunger or hedonic hyperphagia is the "drive to eat to obtain pleasure in the absence of an energy deficit". Particular foods may have a high "hedonic rating" or individuals may have increased susceptibility to environmental food cues. Weight loss programs may aim to control or to compensate for hedonic hunger. Therapeutic interventions may influence hedonic eating behavior.

A fitness app is an application that can be downloaded on any mobile device and used anywhere to get fit. Fitness apps are designed to help with exercise, other types of physical training, nutrition and diet, and other ways to get fit.

Weight Watchers or WW is a commercial program for weight loss based on a point system, meals replacement and counseling.

Grazing is a human eating pattern characterized as "the repetitive eating of small or modest amounts of food in an unplanned manner throughout a period of time, and not in response to hunger or satiety cues".

Kurbo is a digital therapeutics program focused on sustainable healthy eating for children and teenagers. The program tracks and manages nutrition, exercise and weight of adolescents. It operates through a mobile application and a website, providing health coaching from weight loss and behavior change professionals to tackle childhood obesity.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Intuitive eating</span> Approach to food

Intuitive eating is an approach to eating that focuses on the body's response to cues of hunger and satisfaction. It aims to foster a positive relationship with food as opposed to pursuing "weight control". Additionally, intuitive eating aims to change users' views about dieting, health, and wellness, instilling a more holistic approach. It also helps to create a positive attitude and relationship towards food, physical activity, and the body.

References

  1. ↑ "Jean Harvey appointed interim dean of Agriculture at UVM". Vermont Business Magazine. 2019-07-18. Retrieved 2020-01-31.
  2. ↑ "Jean Harvey, PhD, RD". www.uvm.edu. Retrieved 2020-01-31.
  3. ↑ "Research-Tested Intervention Programs: Program Details". rtips.cancer.gov. Retrieved 2019-02-21.
  4. ↑ "Vermont diet venture fails in crowded marketplace". Burlington Free Press. Retrieved 2019-04-17.
  5. ↑ O'Brien, Pat Goudey (15 May 2012). "VTrim launched as commercial venture". Times Argus. Retrieved 2019-04-17.
  6. ↑ "UMaine, UVM Partner for Unique Online Weight Management Course - UMaine News - University of Maine". UMaine News. 2010-08-11. Retrieved 2020-01-31.
  7. ↑ "Healthy Recipes, Healthy Eating". EatingWell. Retrieved 2019-04-17.
  8. ↑ Harvey-Berino, J (1998). "Changing health behavior via telecommunications technology: Using interactive television to treat obesity". Behavior Therapy. 29 (3): 505–519. doi:10.1016/S0005-7894(98)80046-4.
  9. ↑ Harvey-Berino, J; et al. (2004). "The effect of Internet support on the long-term maintenance of weight loss". Obesity Research. 12 (2): 320–329. doi:10.1038/oby.2004.40. PMID   14981225.
  10. ↑ Harvey-Berino, Jean; West, Delia; Krukowski, Rebecca; Prewitt, Elaine; VanBiervliet, Alan; Ashikaga, Takamaru; Skelly, Joan (2010). "Internet delivered behavioral obesity treatment". Preventive Medicine. 51 (2): 123–128. doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2010.04.018. ISSN   1096-0260. PMC   3101104 . PMID   20478333.
  11. ↑ Krukowski, Rebecca A.; Tilford, J. Mick; Harvey-Berino, Jean; West, Delia S. (2011). "Comparing behavioral weight loss modalities: incremental cost-effectiveness of an internet-based versus an in-person condition". Obesity. 19 (8): 1629–1635. doi:10.1038/oby.2010.341. ISSN   1930-739X. PMC   3137759 . PMID   21253001.
  12. ↑ Hutchesson, M. J.; Rollo, M. E.; Krukowski, R.; Ells, L.; Harvey, J.; Morgan, P. J.; Callister, R.; Plotnikoff, R.; Collins, C. E. (2015). "eHealth interventions for the prevention and treatment of overweight and obesity in adults: a systematic review with meta-analysis: eHealth interventions for obesity in adults" (PDF). Obesity Reviews. 16 (5): 376–392. doi:10.1111/obr.12268. PMID   25753009. S2CID   45195408.
  13. ↑ West, Delia Smith; Harvey, Jean R.; Krukowski, Rebecca A.; Prewitt, T. Elaine; Priest, Jeffrey; Ashikaga, Takamaru (2016). "Do individual, online motivational interviewing chat sessions enhance weight loss in a group-based, online weight control program?". Obesity. 24 (11): 2334–2340. doi:10.1002/oby.21645. ISSN   1930-739X. PMC   5093069 . PMID   27616628.
  14. ↑ Patel, Michele L.; Wakayama, Lindsay N.; Bass, Michelle B.; Breland, Jessica Y. (2019). "Motivational interviewing in eHealth and telehealth interventions for weight loss: A systematic review". Preventive Medicine. 126: 105738. doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.05.026. PMID   31153917. S2CID   173995722.
  15. ↑ "UVM Part of $3.1 Million NIH Grant to Test New Online Weight Loss Approach". www.uvm.edu. Retrieved 2019-04-17.
  16. ↑ Yon, Bethany A.; Johnson, Rachel K.; Harvey-Berino, Jean; Gold, Beth Casey; Howard, Alan B. (2007). "Personal digital assistants are comparable to traditional diaries for dietary self-monitoring during a weight loss program". Journal of Behavioral Medicine. 30 (2): 165–175. doi:10.1007/s10865-006-9092-1. ISSN   0160-7715. PMID   17216341. S2CID   19160037.
  17. ↑ Krukowski, Rebecca A.; Harvey-Berino, Jean; Bursac, Zoran; Ashikaga, Taka; West, Delia Smith (2013). "Patterns of Success: Online Self-Monitoring in a Web-Based Behavioral Weight Control Program". Health Psychology. 32 (2): 164–170. doi:10.1037/a0028135. ISSN   0278-6133. PMC   4993110 . PMID   22545978.
  18. ↑ Doheny, Kathleen. "Log What You Eat, Lose More Weight?". WebMD. Retrieved 2019-04-17.
  19. ↑ "How tracking your diet for only 15 minutes a day helps with weight loss". TODAY.com. 25 February 2019. Retrieved 2019-04-17.
  20. ↑ "Winners Of The 2008 James Beard Foundation Awards". www.cbsnews.com. 8 June 2008. Retrieved 2019-02-21.
  21. ↑ "Jean Harvey-Berino | Fulbright Scholar Program". www.cies.org. Retrieved 2019-02-21.
  22. ↑ "Fulbright scholar clicks on web-based weight loss program". hmri.org.au. Retrieved 2019-04-17.
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