Jeff Wynn | |
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| Born | |
| Alma mater | University of Arizona, University of California, Berkeley |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Earth sciences: geophysics, geology, hydrology, volcanology; oceanography, archeology |
| Institutions | US Geological Survey |
Jeffrey C. Wynn is a research geophysicist with the United States Geological Survey (USGS). He is currently based in the Cascades Volcano Observatory in Vancouver, WA, one of the five USGS volcano observatories in the United States .
Wynn has served as vice president for R&D of Zonge International, and in several rotational management positions in the USGS. These include Chief Scientist for Volcano Hazards, Chief of the Office of Geochemistry & Geophysics, Chief of the Venezuelan Guayana & Amazonas Exploration Mission ("Jefe del Grupo Asesor"), where he was first author of the first complete geologic map of southern Venezuela, [1] and also published a full assessment of discovered and undiscovered mineral resources for the roadless southern half of Venezuela. [2] Wynn also served for four years as the Deputy Chief for Science and Chief of the USGS Saudi Arabian Mission before assuming responsibility for volcano research and monitoring as Chief Scientist for Volcano Hazards in the USGS. [3]
Wynn has studied and published on the historical era Wabar craters asteroid impact event in the Empty Quarter of Saudi Arabia. [4] [5] [6] He has also developed a new technology for mapping sub-seafloor minerals, buried wrecks, buried oil and gas infrastructure, and migrating hydrocarbon plumes in the open ocean using a physical property called induced polarization ("IP"). [7] [8] [9] [10] He has also done extensive geophysical mapping in SE Alaska. [11]
Wynn co-developed an airborne electromagnetic technology to rapidly map groundwater deep beneath arid basins in 3D. [12] Using this technology, he successfully mapped the groundwater of the San Pedro Basin in southern Arizona and northern (Sonora), Mexico in three dimensions. [13]
He has published over 300 articles, books, patents, and maps in fields as diverse as geology, oceanography, hydrology, geophysics, archeology, and astrophysics.
Wynn is a past president of the Environmental & Engineering Geophysical Society (2002–2003).. He has also served as Special Editor of Geophysics and is currently an Associate Editor of Exploration Geophysics. [14]
Wynn holds a 7th degree black belt (Shihan or Master Teacher) in Japanese origin Jujutsu and 6th degree black belt in Taiho-Jutsu. [15]
As a community service he has taught over 3,000 women for free, along with his senior black belts, self-defense clinics in northern Virginia and southwestern Washington State . He has provided self-defense training to agents of the Washington State Department of Revenue . He also teaches quarterly self-defense classes at Clark College, and Washington State University - Vancouver.
Wynn has been awarded the Department of Interior Meritorious Service Award for "...his outstanding career in geophysics and...scientific leadership of the US Geological Survey."[ citation needed ]
In 1999 the Mars-crossing asteroid 9564 Jeffwynn was named in his honor. It was discovered by astronomers Carolyn and Eugene Shoemaker at Palomar Observatory in 1987. [16] Jeff is an Advanced Open Water diver (PADI certification) and has served as a CPR-AED Instructor (National Safety Council) .[ citation needed ]
He has been awarded three patents on marine IP, most recently in June 2013 for mapping hydrocarbons in the open ocean, with one more pending. [17] A commercial version of the towed-streamer technology was successfully tested in the Bismarck Sea in February 2005 and off the east coast of South Africa in a successful large-scale commercial sub-seafloor mineral resource mapping deployment during May - June 2007. [18] In 2018 a consortium was formed (Induced Polarization Associates) to commercialize the "Wynn" patents.
Geophysics is a subject of natural science concerned with the physical processes and physical properties of the Earth and its surrounding space environment, and the use of quantitative methods for their analysis. Geophysicists, who usually study geophysics, physics, or one of the earth sciences at the graduate level, complete investigations across a wide range of scientific disciplines. The term geophysics classically refers to solid earth applications: Earth's shape; its gravitational, magnetic fields, and electromagnetic fields ; its internal structure and composition; its dynamics and their surface expression in plate tectonics, the generation of magmas, volcanism and rock formation. However, modern geophysics organizations and pure scientists use a broader definition that includes the water cycle including snow and ice; fluid dynamics of the oceans and the atmosphere; electricity and magnetism in the ionosphere and magnetosphere and solar-terrestrial physics; and analogous problems associated with the Moon and other planets.
The Wabar craters are impact craters located in Saudi Arabia first brought to the attention of Western scholars by British Arabist, explorer, writer and Colonial Office intelligence officer St John Philby, who discovered them while searching for the legendary city of Ubar in Arabia's Rub' al Khali in 1932.
Kamaʻehuakanaloa Seamount is an active submarine volcano about 22 mi (35 km) off the southeast coast of the island of Hawaii. The top of the seamount is about 3,200 ft (975 m) below sea level. This seamount is on the flank of Mauna Loa, the largest shield volcano on Earth. Kamaʻehuakanaloa is the newest volcano in the Hawaiian–Emperor seamount chain, a string of volcanoes that stretches about 3,900 mi (6,200 km) northwest of Kamaʻehuakanaloa. Unlike most active volcanoes in the Pacific Ocean that make up the active plate margins on the Pacific Ring of Fire, Kamaʻehuakanaloa and the other volcanoes of the Hawaiian–Emperor seamount chain are hotspot volcanoes and formed well away from the nearest plate boundary. Volcanoes in the Hawaiian Islands arise from the Hawaii hotspot, and as the youngest volcano in the chain, Kamaʻehuakanaloa is the only Hawaiian volcano in the deep submarine preshield stage of development.
Reflection seismology is a method of exploration geophysics that uses the principles of seismology to estimate the properties of the Earth's subsurface from reflected seismic waves. The method requires a controlled seismic source of energy, such as dynamite or Tovex blast, a specialized air gun or a seismic vibrator. Reflection seismology is similar to sonar and echolocation.
Exploration geophysics is an applied branch of geophysics and economic geology, which uses physical methods at the surface of the Earth, such as seismic, gravitational, magnetic, electrical and electromagnetic, to measure the physical properties of the subsurface, along with the anomalies in those properties. It is most often used to detect or infer the presence and position of economically useful geological deposits, such as ore minerals; fossil fuels and other hydrocarbons; geothermal reservoirs; and groundwater reservoirs. It can also be used to detect the presence of unexploded ordnance.
Magnetotellurics (MT) is an electromagnetic geophysical method for inferring the earth's subsurface electrical conductivity from measurements of natural geomagnetic and geoelectric field variation at the Earth's surface.
Dr. Fred Noel Spiess was a naval officer, oceanographer and marine explorer. His work created new advances in marine technology including the FLIP Floating Instrument Platform, the Deep Tow vehicle for study of the seafloor, and the use of acoustics for underwater navigation and geodetic positioning.
The controlled source electromagnetic (CSEM) method, also called sea bed logging, is a mostly offshore geophysical technique, employing electromagnetic remote-sensing technology to map the electric resistivity distribution of the subsurface. The electrical resistivity helps to discriminate between different types of rocks. CSEM is mostly used to indicate the presence and extent of hydrocarbon below the seabed.
Induced polarization (IP) is a geophysical imaging technique used to identify the electrical chargeability of subsurface materials, such as ore.
In geophysics, a magnetic anomaly is a local variation in the Earth's magnetic field resulting from variations in the chemistry or magnetism of the rocks. Mapping of variation over an area is valuable in detecting structures obscured by overlying material. The magnetic variation in successive bands of ocean floor parallel with mid-ocean ridges was important evidence for seafloor spreading, a concept central to the theory of plate tectonics.
9564 Jeffwynn, provisional designation 1987 SG3, is an eccentric asteroid and Mars-crosser from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 4.7 kilometers in diameter.
A geologist is a scientist who studies the solid, liquid, and gaseous matter that constitutes Earth and other terrestrial planets, as well as the processes that shape them. Geologists usually study geology, earth science, or geophysics, although backgrounds in physics, chemistry, biology, and other sciences are also useful. Field research is an important component of geology, although many subdisciplines incorporate laboratory and digitalized work. Geologists can be classified in a larger group of scientists, called geoscientists.
Carmen Gaina is the Director of the Centre for Earth Evolution and Dynamics (CEED) a Norwegian Centre of Excellence hosted at the Department of Geosciences, University of Oslo, Norway.
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to geophysics:
Kenneth Craig Macdonald is an American oceanographer and marine geophysicist born in San Francisco, California in 1947. As of 2018 he is professor emeritus at the Department of Earth Science and the Marine Sciences Institute at the University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB). His work focuses on the tectonics and geophysics of the global mid-oceanic ridge including its spreading centers and transform faults, two of the three types of plate boundaries central to the theory of plate tectonics. His work has taken him to the north and south Atlantic oceans, the north and south Pacific oceans, the Indian Ocean, the Red Sea and the Sea of Cortez, as well as to the deep seafloor on over 50 dives in the research submersible ALVIN. Macdonald has participated in over 40 deep sea expeditions, and was chief- or co-chief scientist on 31 expeditions.
Estella Atekwana is a geophysicist studying biogeophysics and tectonophysics. She is currently Dean of the College of Letters and Science at University of California, Davis. She previously served as Dean of the College of Earth, Ocean and Environment at the University of Delaware. She is also an adjunct professor at both the University of Waterloo and the Missouri University of Science and Technology. Before joining the University of Delaware in 2017, she was the Department Head of the Boone Pickens School of Geology at Oklahoma State University. She is a Regents Distinguished Professor and a Clyde Wheeler Sun Endowed Chair at Oklahoma State University, where she maintains an adjunct appointment. Atekwana has also been a faculty member at Missouri University of Science & Technology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, and Western Michigan University.
Marine geophysics is the scientific discipline that employs methods of geophysics to study the world's ocean basins and continental margins, particularly the solid earth beneath the ocean. It shares objectives with marine geology, which uses sedimentological, paleontological, and geochemical methods. Marine geophysical data analyses led to the theories of seafloor spreading and plate tectonics.
Suzanne Carbotte is a marine geophysicist known for her research on the formation of new oceanic crust.
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