Jeffrey Harrod

Last updated
Jeffrey Harrod
Born16 February 1935
London
Occupation(s)Writer, essayist, journalist, university professor
Known forPublications/media presentations on: global political economy, corporate power, labour relations theory
Website www.jeffreyharrod.eu

Jeffrey Harrod is a writer and essayist on politics and international political economy and known for his work on the power of corporations and the position of labour in international economic relations. [1] [2] [3] He has been critical of global approaches which reduce the importance of nation-states. [4] Working with Robert W. Cox a power dynamics approach to the political economy of work was developed. [5] Harrod's application of this approach to those in low-waged or precarious employment is currently used by researchers in those fields. [6] [7] Since 2012 he has maintained a blog and in 2016 published his first novel, After Man.

Contents

He is professor emeritus from Erasmus University, Rotterdam, and visiting professor emeritus, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

Biography

Academic

Harrod was born in London, England and started work as an office boy at age 15 and later worked as a London bus conductor. After two years compulsory military service he graduated in international law from University College London, international relations from Lehigh University, Pennsylvania and with a Ph.D. (political science-international relations) from the University of Geneva's Graduate Institute of International Studies, in Switzerland. [8] He has held academic positions at the University of West Indies, Jamaica, University College London, University of Colorado, University of Amsterdam and the International Institute of Social Studies, Erasmus University where he held the chair of International and Comparative Labour Studies and became deputy rector.

International trade unionism

He was a foreign correspondent for international economic affairs for the trade newspapers of Fairchild Publications [9] before joining the United Nations International Labour Organisation as research coordinator at its Institute for Social Studies. Subsequently, Harrod became permanent consultant for research and publications for the International Federation of Chemical, Energy and General Workers' Unions (ICEF) (an international trade union) where he worked with Charles Levinson and Vic Thorpe producing books, annual reports on world social economy and industry bulletins. [10] As ICEM resource person he provided lectures and consultations to unions, movements and political parties in, Philippines, Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand, South Korea, Bulgaria and Pakistan. [11]

Writing and research

Political economy of work and labour

Harrod and Robert Cox worked together on a power dynamics approach to what was conventionally called labour relations or industrial relations. It was launched in the companion volumes by Robert Cox and Harrod – Harrod's Power, Production and the Unprotected Worker (1987) and part 1 of Cox's Production, Power and the Making of World Order (1987). In this approach work and labour are viewed through different patterns of power found in forms of production ranging from peasant to corporate throughout the world. Both Cox and Harrod used this view in their teaching and work in international political economy. [12] Harrod continued to revise and develop the original approach [13] and other researchers expanded its use in the study of world politics. [14] Cox and Harrod have together been criticised for bias for their selective use of Marxian concepts. [15]

Global political economy

Harrod's work in global political economy involves the power interplay between types of labour relations, corporations and non-governmental organisations. [16] His Trade Union Foreign Policy (1972) revealed that foreign trade unions accepted corporate strategies aimed at labour in bauxite mining in Jamaica. Similar corporate strategies were shown in Asbestos: The Politics and Economics of a Lethal Substance (1990) (with Vic Thorpe). Harrod's book on Labour and Third World Debt (1994), which detailed how the policies of international economic agencies and corporations dealing with foreign debt involved labour in the global south, [17] was translated from English into Danish, Spanish and Urdu. He has continued to focus on the social, political and geo-political problems raised by the corporation as an institutional power at both the domestic and international levels. [18] Harrod posted in 2012, under the CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license, a complete online course on Global Political Economy.

Bibliography

Single-authored books

Dual-authored books

Edited books

Selected articles

Selected blog posts and essays

On-line  presentations

Related Research Articles

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Corporatocracy is an economic, political and judicial system controlled by business corporations or corporate interests.

Socialism is an economic and political philosophy encompassing diverse economic and social systems characterised by social ownership of the means of production, as opposed to private ownership. It describes the economic, political, and social theories and movements associated with the implementation of such systems. Social ownership can take various forms, including public, community, collective, cooperative, or employee. Traditionally, socialism is on the left wing of the political spectrum. Types of socialism vary based on the role of markets and planning in resource allocation, and the structure of management in organizations.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Globalization</span> Spread of world views, products, ideas, capital and labour

Globalization, or globalisation, is the process of interaction and integration among people, companies, and governments worldwide. The term globalization first appeared in the early 20th century, developed its current meaning sometime in the second half of the 20th century, and came into popular use in the 1990s to describe the unprecedented international connectivity of the post-Cold War world. Its origins can be traced back to 18th and 19th centuries due to advances in transportation and communications technology. This increase in global interactions has caused a growth in international trade and the exchange of ideas, beliefs, and culture. Globalization is primarily an economic process of interaction and integration that is associated with social and cultural aspects. However, disputes and international diplomacy are also large parts of the history of globalization, and of modern globalization.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">International relations</span> Study of relationships between two or more states

International relations (IR) are the interactions among sovereign states. The scientific study of those interactions is also referred to as international studies, international politics, or international affairs. In a broader sense, the study of IR, in addition to multilateral relations, concerns all activities among states—such as war, diplomacy, trade, and foreign policy—as well as relations with and among other international actors, such as intergovernmental organizations (IGOs), international nongovernmental organizations (INGOs), international legal bodies, and multinational corporations (MNCs). There are several schools of thought within IR, of which the most prominent are realism, liberalism, constructivism, and rationalism.

Race to the bottom is a socio-economic phrase to describe either government deregulation of the business environment or reduction in corporate tax rates, in order to attract or retain economic activity in their jurisdictions. While this phenomenon can happen between countries as a result of globalization and free trade, it also can occur within individual countries between their sub-jurisdictions. It may occur when competition increases between geographic areas over a particular sector of trade and production. The effect and intent of these actions is to lower labor rates, cost of business, or other factors over which governments can exert control.

A multinational corporation (MNC) – also called a multinational enterprise (MNE), transnational enterprise (TNE), transnational corporation (TNC), international corporation, or stateless corporation, with subtle but contrasting senses – is a corporate organization that owns and controls the production of goods or services in at least one country other than its home country. Control is considered an important aspect of an MNC to distinguish it from international portfolio investment organizations, such as some international mutual funds that invest in corporations abroad simply to diversify financial risks. Black's Law Dictionary suggests that a company or group should be considered a multinational corporation "if it derives 25% or more of its revenue from out-of-home-country operations".

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">International Federation of Chemical, Energy, Mine and General Workers' Unions</span> 1995–2012 trade union centre

The International Federation of Chemical, Energy, Mine and General Workers' Unions (ICEM) was a global union federation of trade unions. As of November 2007, ICEM represented 467 industrial trade unions in 132 countries, claiming a membership of over 20 million workers.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Labor unions in the United States</span>

Labor unions represent United States workers in many industries recognized under US labor law since the 1935 enactment of the National Labor Relations Act. Their activity today centers on collective bargaining over wages, benefits, and working conditions for their membership, and on representing their members in disputes with management over violations of contract provisions. Larger labor unions also typically engage in lobbying activities and electioneering at the state and federal level.

Global politics, also known as world politics, names both the discipline that studies the political and economic patterns of the world and the field that is being studied. At the centre of that field are the different processes of political globalization in relation to questions of social power.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sam Gindin</span> Canadian intellectual and activist

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Tripartism is an economic system of neo-corporatism based on a mixed economy and tripartite contracts between employers' organizations, trade unions, and the government of a country. Each is to act as a social partner to create economic policy through cooperation, consultation, negotiation, and compromise. In Tripartism, the government has a large role in the economy and engages in negotiations between labour unions and business interest groups to establish economic policy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Stephen Gill (political scientist)</span>

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Corporatism</span> Political ideology which advocates the organization of society by corporate groups

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Economic globalization is one of the three main dimensions of globalization commonly found in academic literature, with the two others being political globalization and cultural globalization, as well as the general term of globalization. Economic globalization refers to the widespread international movement of goods, capital, services, technology and information. It is the increasing economic integration and interdependence of national, regional, and local economies across the world through an intensification of cross-border movement of goods, services, technologies and capital. Economic globalization primarily comprises the globalization of production, finance, markets, technology, organizational regimes, institutions, corporations, and people.

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References

  1. (1992) Labour and Third World Debt ICEF: (2006) "The Global Poor and Global Politics: Neo-Materialism and the Sources of Political Action" in Davis, Matt and Ryner, Magnus (eds) (2006) Poverty and the Production of World Politics: Unprotected Workers in the Global Political Economy New York: Palgrave Macmillan ISBN   978-1-4039-9697-8 pp. 38-61
  2. (2019) "The Changing Power of the Twenty-First-Century Corporation" in Hofferberth, Matthias (editor) Corporate Actors in Global Governance: Lynne Rienner pp. 225-248 ISBN   978-1-62637-823-0 : (2002) "Multinational Corporations" UNESCO: Encyclopaedia of Life Support Systems: Global Transformations and World Futures: Knowledge Economy and SocietyIhttp://www.eolss.net/sample-chapters/c13/E1-24-02-01.pdf
  3. (2013) video:  "New Dynamics of Power" – discussion Jeffrey Harrod & Herman Schwartz   https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hI_y1kuT5k0
  4. (2014) Presentation: "Do States Matter?" Wageningen University   https://www.wur.nl/nl/activiteit/Do-States-Matter-1.htm
  5. Cox, Robert and Harrod, Jeffrey (1972) Future Industrial Relations: Geneva:  ILO Institute of Social Studies:  this approach used in Cradden, Conor (2017) A New Theory of Industrial Relations: People Markets and Organisations, Routledge, ISBN   978-1-138-12461-5
  6. for example: - Gore, Ellie and LeBaron, Genevieve  (2019) "Using social Reproduction to understand unfree labour" Capital and Class October  ( doi : 10.1177/0309816819880787): pp 1-20  
  7. Moore, Phoebe (2019) The Quantified Self in Precarity: Work Technology and What Counts, Routledge, ISBN   978-1-138-67406-6  pp 100-101
  8. Harrod, Jeffrey, ed. (1972). Trade union foreign policy: the case of British and American unions in Jamaica. London New York: Macmillan Doubleday and Co.
  9. Harrod, Jeffrey (16 March 1965). "The Fabricsː Kennedy Round Deadlock loosens" Women's Wear Daily. 110. New York.
  10. (1996) World Social Economy 1995 as reprinted in Power and Counterpower: The Union Response to Global Capital London: Pluto Press ISBN   0-7453-1113-X pbk
  11. for example, "Third World solve its own uplift strategies" (report of lecture by Jeffrey Harrod)". Dawn (Pakistan). 11 June 1988.
  12. (2018) Murphy, Craig  (Professor Political Science, Wellesley College, USA) "With Jeffrey Harrod he (Robert Cox), developed his generation's most comprehensive understanding of the global political economy, one rooted in the condition of the least-privileged classes in all parts of the world." http://ppesydney.net/tributes-to-robert-w-cox
  13. for example (2015) "Work, Power and the Urban Poor" in van der Pijl, Kees (ed) Handbook of International Political Economy of Production, Edward Elgar ISBN   978-1-78347-020-4 pp.283-298
  14. Davis, Matt and Ryner, Magnus (eds)(2006) Poverty and the Production of World Politics: Unprotected Workers in the Global Political Economy New York: Palgrave Macmillan ISBN   978-1-4039-9697-8
  15. Brown, Chris (2001). ""Our Side"? Critical Theory and International Relations"". In Jones, Richard Wyn (ed.). Critical Theory & World Politics. Lynne Rienner. p. 195. ISBN   1-55587-802-4.
  16. for example, de Vie, Kees (23 April 1993). "De tragiek van generaals" (The tragedy for generals). Trouw (Netherlands) (translation of first sentence : "Two American generals have created the framework for labour systems in both Germany and Japan.")
  17. Muller, Henk (25 September 1998). "Arme landen betalen rijke landen 250 miljard rent" (translation: "Poor Countries pay Rich Countries 250 billion Dutch guilders in interest") Volkskrant (Netherlands).
  18. (2015) Presentation "Politics of Corporate Investment Trade and Global Governance" (48 slides) https://www.slideshare.net/harrod/politics-of-corporate-investment-trade-and-global-governancebp