Jobber (merchandising)

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Jobber, in merchandising, can be synonymous with "wholesaler", "distributor", or "intermediary". A business which buys goods and bulk products from importers, other wholesalers, or manufacturers, and then sells to retailers, was historically called a jobbing house (or jobbing center). A jobber is a merchant—e.g., (i) a wholesaler or (ii) reseller or (iii) independent distributor operating on consignment—who takes goods in quantity from manufacturers or importers and sells or resells or distributes them to retail chains and syndicates, particularly supermarkets, department stores, drug chains, and the like. One objective is to distribute goods at lower costs through economies of scale, which, in sophisticated operations, typically uses complex transportation models. In competitive markets, the practice is an integral part of supply chain management—one that might incorporate, among other things, operations research in areas of logistics involving supply chain networking, and supply chain optimization. A jobber is very different from a broker. A broker transacts on behalf of a merchandiser while a jobber supplies inventory at a merchandiser's site for consumers to purchase.

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Usage and etymology

The word "jobber" is sometimes dismissed as colloquial or obsolete. As of 2016, it is used in the industry sciences, trade press, popular media, and scholarly journals. The current meaning of jobber has been in existence since the introduction of the factory system, and earlier in cases with respect to importing goods. The word has a longstanding history in merchandising and can be found in print around the mid-19th century. [1] [2] and variations, such as "pig jobber", date back to the 18th century. [lower-alpha 1] Jobbing was the subject of legislation in England in 1670 when a special act was enacted to prevent fraud in the buying and selling of cattle at Smithfield Market, London. [3] [4] [5] CRC jobber see M George.

Used in the following contexts

See also

Related Research Articles

Commerce is the large-scale organized system of activities, functions, procedures and institutions that directly or indirectly contribute to the smooth, unhindered distribution and transfer of goods and services on a substantial scale and at the right time, place, quantity, quality and price through various channels from the original producers to the final consumers within local, regional, national or international economies. The diversity in the distribution of natural resources, differences of human needs and wants, and division of labour along with comparative advantage are the principal factors that give rise to commercial exchanges.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Supermarket</span> Large format of grocery store

A supermarket is a self-service shop offering a wide variety of food, beverages and household products, organized into sections. This kind of store is larger and has a wider selection than earlier grocery stores, but is smaller and more limited in the range of merchandise than a hypermarket or big-box market. In everyday United States usage, however, "grocery store" is often used to mean "supermarket".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wholesaling</span> Sale of goods or merchandise to retailers rather than end consumers

Wholesaling or distributing is the sale of goods or merchandise to retailers; to industrial, commercial, institutional or other professional business users; or to other wholesalers and related subordinated services. In general, it is the sale of goods in bulk to anyone, either a person or an organization, other than the end consumer of that merchandise. Wholesaling is buying goods in bulk quantity, usually directly from the manufacturer or source, at a discounted rate. The retailer then sells the goods to the end consumer at a higher price making a profit.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Distribution (marketing)</span> Making products available to customers

Distribution is the process of making a product or service available for the consumer or business user who needs it, and a distributor is a business involved in the distribution stage of the value chain. Distribution can be done directly by the producer or service provider or by using indirect channels with distributors or intermediaries. Distribution is one of the four elements of the marketing mix: the other three elements being product, pricing, and promotion.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Disintermediation</span> Eliminating middlemen from a supply chain

Disintermediation is the removal of intermediaries in economics from a supply chain, or "cutting out the middlemen" in connection with a transaction or a series of transactions. Instead of going through traditional distribution channels, which had some type of intermediary, companies may now deal with customers directly, for example via the Internet.

Jobber may refer to:

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Merchandising</span> Promotion of product sales

Merchandising is any practice which contributes to the sale of products to a retail consumer. At a retail in-store level, merchandising refers to displaying products that are for sale in a creative way that entices customers to purchase more items or products.

Drop shipping is a form of retail business in which the seller accepts customer orders without keeping stock on hand. Instead, in a form of supply chain management, the seller transfers the orders and their shipment details either to the manufacturer, a wholesaler, another retailer, or a fulfillment house, which then ships the goods directly to the customer.

Trading companies are businesses working with different kinds of products which are sold for consumer, business, or government purposes. Trading companies buy a specialized range of products, maintain a stock or a shop, and deliver products to customers.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Missing trader fraud</span> Type of Value Added Tax fraud

Missing trader fraud involves the theft of Value Added Tax (VAT) from a government by fraudsters who exploit VAT rules, most commonly the European Union VAT rules which provide that the movement of goods between member states is VAT-free. There are different variations of the fraud but they generally involve a trader charging VAT on the sale of goods and absconding with the VAT. The term "missing trader" is used because the fraudster has gone missing with the VAT.

Supplier may refer to:

A marketing channel consists of the people, organizations, and activities necessary to transfer the ownership of goods from the point of production to the point of consumption. It is the way products get to the end-user, the consumer; and is also known as a distribution channel. A marketing channel is a useful tool for management, and is crucial to creating an effective and well-planned marketing strategy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jobbers Canyon Historic District</span> United States historic place

Jobbers Canyon Historic District was a large industrial and warehouse area comprising 24 buildings located in downtown Omaha, Nebraska, US. It was roughly bound by Farnam Street on the north, South Eighth Street on the east, Jackson Street on the south, and South Tenth Street on the west. In 1989, all 24 buildings in Jobbers Canyon were demolished, representing the largest National Register historic district loss to date.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Vendor</span> Supplier of goods or services

In a supply chain, a vendor, supplier, provider or a seller, is an enterprise that contributes goods or services. Generally, a supply chain vendor manufactures inventory/stock items and sells them to the next link in the chain. Today, these terms refer to a supplier of any goods or service.

Pacific Access is a supply chain management and an engineering services company registered in Hong Kong, providing buying, production management, supply chain, trade management services and contract manufacturing. The company was incorporated in 1995 in Hong Kong and offers a multitude of products and production services. According to the company's website, www.pacific-access.com, they employ over 100 people and is the largest Turkish company in Asia. Pacific Access' main customers are Beko, Grundig, Arçelik, Migros Türk, Turk Traktor, Network and Aygaz providing supplier management, supply chain management and engineering services. One case study from its website http://www.pacific-access.com stated they successfully help launched Arcelik's robot mascot.

Thomas William House Sr. was a merchant and cotton factor in Houston, Texas. He also invested in and organized transportation and utility companies in the Houston area. He was a veteran of the Texas Revolution and provided financial assistance to the Confederacy during the American Civil War. He was mayor of Houston, Texas in 1862.

Wholesale fashion distribution refers to the global market of bulk clothing sales, in which producers, wholesalers and sellers are involved in a commercial, business-to-business process.

Merchandize Liquidators, LLC, is an American wholesale liquidator and distributor in the closeouts industry. Working with manufacturers and department stores, the company specializes in buying all available overstock merchandise. The company works on bringing products from Macy’s, Sears, CVS and other major US retailers, to the secondary markets. The company also sells new, overstock, surplus, used and salvaged goods. Clients include retailers, eBay sellers, Flea Market vendors, and jobbers. Merchandize Liquidators was cited by Inc. Magazine as one of the fastest-growing companies in the US in 2012 2011 and 2010.

A rack jobber is a company or trader that has an agreement with a retailer to display and sell products in a store. The outlets for the products would be ones that traditionally do not stock such products such as gas stations, grocery stores, and others not traditionally associated with the products sold. Often the products are of a budget variety.

The retail format influences the consumer's store choice and addresses the consumer's expectations. At its most basic level, a retail format is a simple marketplace, that is; a location where goods and services are exchanged. In some parts of the world, the retail sector is still dominated by small family-run stores, but large retail chains are increasingly dominating the sector, because they can exert considerable buying power and pass on the savings in the form of lower prices. Many of these large retail chains also produce their own private labels which compete alongside manufacturer brands. Considerable consolidation of retail stores has changed the retail landscape, transferring power away from wholesalers and into the hands of the large retail chains.

References

Notes

  1. 1 2 "Pig-jobber," from the British & World English Dictionary, Oxford Dictionaries, states that its use is from the early 18th century; earliest use found in a 1757 book, Observations in Husbandry
    1. Observations in Husbandry (2nd ed., Vol. 2 of 2), by Edward Lisle (1666–1722), printed posthumously by John Hughs (1703–1771) near Lincoln's Inn Fields for Charles Hitch ( –1764) and Lacy Hawes (1698–1776), James Rivington (1724–1802) and James Fletcher, Sr. (1710–1795), in St. Paul's Church Yard, and Robert and James Dodsley in Pall Mall, London, 1757, pg. 329; OCLC   11645852
    2. "Pig-jobber," OxfordDictionaries.com (retrieved 14 January 2016)

Citations

  1. "Present Day Jobbing," by James H. Ritter, The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Vol. 22, November 1903, pps. pp. 39–46; JSTOR link
  2. "Debt for the Mexican War," Advocate of Peace (1847–1884), Vol. 7, No. 17/18, May & June 1848, pps. 210–211 (reprinted by the World Affairs Institute); JSTOR link
  3. An Act to Prevent Fraudes in the Buying and Selling of Cattell in Smithfeild and Elsewhere
    Charles II, 1670 & 1671
    9th Session of Cavalier Parliament, 22 & 23
    Chap. 19; Chancery Roll p. 2, I. 7; original Act 39
    Statutes of the Realm 1628–80 (Vol. 5 of 11)
    John Raithby (ed.)
    Great Britain, Record Commission ( s.l. 1819)
    pps. 733–734
  4. "Jobber," Dictionary.com, Unabridged, Random House, Inc. (retrieved 14 January 2016)
  5. Middlemen in English Business: Particularly Between 1660 and 1760, by Ray Bert Westerfield, PhD, Yale University Press, Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences pg. 197 (1915)