The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is a major financial agency of the United Nations,and an international financial institution funded by 190 member countries,with headquarters in Washington,D.C. It is regarded as the global lender of last resort to national governments,and a leading supporter of exchange-rate stability. Its stated mission is "working to foster global monetary cooperation,secure financial stability,facilitate international trade,promote high employment and sustainable economic growth,and reduce poverty around the world." Established on December 27,1945 at the Bretton Woods Conference,primarily according to the ideas of Harry Dexter White and John Maynard Keynes,it started with 29 member countries and the goal of reconstructing the international monetary system after World War II. It now plays a central role in the management of balance of payments difficulties and international financial crises. Through a quota system,countries contribute funds to a pool from which countries can borrow if they experience balance of payments problems. As of 2016,the fund had SDR 477 billion.
Marek Marian Belka is a Polish professor of economics and politician who has served as Prime Minister of Poland and Finance Minister of Poland in two governments. He is a former Director of the International Monetary Fund's (IMF) European Department and former Head of Narodowy Bank Polski. He has served as a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) since July 2019.
Stanley Fischer is an Israeli-American economist who served as the 20th Vice Chair of the Federal Reserve from 2014 to 2017. Fischer previously served as the 8th Governor of the Bank of Israel from 2005 to 2013. Born in Northern Rhodesia,he holds dual citizenship in Israel and the United States. He previously served as First Deputy Managing Director of the International Monetary Fund and as Chief Economist of the World Bank. On January 10,2014,President Barack Obama nominated Fischer to the position of Vice Chair of the Federal Reserve. He is a senior advisor at BlackRock. On September 6,2017,Stanley Fischer announced that he was resigning as Vice-Chair for personal reasons effective October 13,2017,two days before his 74th birthday.
Dominique Gaston AndréStrauss-Kahn,also known as DSK,is a French economist and politician who served as the tenth managing director of the International Monetary Fund (IMF),and was a member of the French Socialist Party.
Olivier Jean Blanchard is a French economist and professor who is a senior fellow at the Peterson Institute for International Economics. He was the chief economist at the International Monetary Fund from September 1,2008,to September 8,2015. Blanchard was appointed to the position under the tenure of Dominique Strauss-Kahn;he was succeeded by Maurice Obstfeld. He is also a Robert M. Solow Professor of Economics emeritus at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). According to IDEAS/RePEc,he is one of the most cited economists in the world.
Christine Madeleine Odette Lagarde is a French politician and lawyer who has served as President of the European Central Bank since 2019. She previously served as the 11th Managing Director of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) from 2011 to 2019. Lagarde had also served in the Government of France,most prominently as Minister of the Economy,Finance and Industry from 2007 until 2011. She is the first woman to hold each of those posts.
Sofitel New York is a boutique hotel on West 44th Street in Midtown Manhattan in New York City,owned and managed by the Sofitel corporation. It is two blocks north of Bryant Park and the New York Public Library Main Branch and next to the New York Yacht Club Building. The hotel is inspired by French traditions in furnishings and theme,and the hotel staff are bilingual in French and English. Completed in 2000,the limestone and glass building is 358 feet (109 m) tall with 30 stories and 398 guest rooms.
Anne Osborn Krueger is an American economist. She was the World Bank Chief Economist from 1982 to 1986,and the first deputy managing director of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) from 2001 to 2006. She is currently the senior research professor of international economics at the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies in Washington,D.C. She also is a senior fellow of Center for International Development and the Herald L. and Caroline Ritch Emeritus Professor of Sciences and Humanities' Economics Department at Stanford University.
Zhu Min is a Chinese economist and is deputy managing director of the International Monetary Fund. He was the inaugural special advisor to the managing director. Zhu has held senior positions at the Bank of China from 2003 to 2009 and was a deputy governor of the People's Bank of China from 2009 to 2010.
The chief economist of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) is also the economic counsellor and director of the fund's Research Department and is responsible for providing independent advice to the fund on its policy issues,integrating ideas of the research in the design of policies,conveying these ideas to the policymakers inside and outside the fund and managing all research done at IMF. The chief economist is a member of the Senior Leadership of the IMF.
Klaus P. Regling is a German economist and the former Chief Executive Officer of the European Financial Stability Facility (EFSF) and Managing Director of the European Stability Mechanism. Regling was reportedly considered as a possible head of the European Central Bank to succeed Jean Claude Trichet.
The People of the State of New York v. Strauss-Kahn was a criminal case relating to allegations of sexual assault and attempted rape made by a hotel maid,Nafissatou Diallo,against Dominique Strauss-Kahn at the Sofitel New York Hotel on 14 May 2011. On 19 May 2011,Strauss-Kahn was indicted by a grand jury;after posting $1 million bail and pleading not guilty he was placed under house arrest. On 1 July,prosecutors told the judge that they had reassessed the strength of their case in the light of the housekeeper's diminished credibility. On 23 August 2011,the judge formally dismissed all charges following a recommendation for dismissal filed by the District Attorney's office,which asserted that the complainant's untruthfulness made it impossible to credit her. At the time of the alleged attack,Strauss-Kahn was the head of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and considered to be a leading candidate in the 2012 French presidential election. Four days after his arrest,he voluntarily resigned his post at the IMF.
Gita Gopinath is an Indian-American economist who has served as the first deputy managing director of the International Monetary Fund (IMF),since 21 January 2022. She had previously served as chief economist of the IMF between 2019 and 2022.
Harris Georgiades is a Greek Cypriot economist and politician. He was pivotal in the successful implementation of the economic reform plan for Cyprus and its successful conclusion in 2016.
Reza Moghadam is a British-Iranian economist who has been Vice-Chairman for Global Capital Markets at Morgan Stanley since October 2014. Until July 2014,he was the International Monetary Fund’s front man for dealing with European policy makers and institutions during the eurozone crisis. During his twenty-year career at the IMF he dealt first-hand with many crises—in emerging markets,in the advanced countries of the Eurozone and with the Fund’s own restructuring.
The First Economic Adjustment Programme for Greece,initially called the Economic Adjustment Programme for Greece and usually referred to as the first bailout package or the first memorandum,is a memorandum of understanding on financial assistance to the Hellenic Republic in order to cope with the Greek government-debt crisis.
The Economic Adjustment Programme for Portugal,usually referred to as the Bailout programme,is a Memorandum of understanding on financial assistance to the Portuguese Republic in order to cope with the 2010–14 Portuguese financial crisis.
Adam Lerrick is an American economist and government official currently serving as Counselor to the Secretary of the Treasury,having previously been President Donald Trump's nominee for Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for International Finance. Lerrick has served as an economist at the American Enterprise Institute.
Reza Baqir is a Pakistani economist who served as the 20th Governor of the State Bank of Pakistan,from 4 May 2019 to 4 May 2022.
