 | This article may require copy editing for grammar, style, cohesion, tone, or spelling.(November 2021) |
| Juchesasangpa | |
| Chosŏn'gŭl | |
|---|---|
| Hancha | |
| Revised Romanization | Juche sasang pa |
| McCune–Reischauer | Chuch'e sasang pa |
| Abbreviation | |
| Chosŏn'gŭl | 주사파 |
| Hancha | 主思派 |
| Revised Romanization | Jusapa |
| McCune–Reischauer | Chusapa |
Juchesasangpa or Jusapa was a minor movement in South Korea that supported the North Korean political ideology known as Juche .
After the division of the Korean peninsula and the Korean war,most of the left political groups went underground [1] However,as the oppression of democratic protests and the fall of the "Spring of Seoul" in the 1980s as a result of the rise of the reign of military general Chun Doo-hwan made fervors grim,the influx of juche ideology occurred. Also the dominance of jusapa became apparent after a fight between groups with different directions. [2]
The movement started around early 1986 among the Undongkwon participating in student movements and labor movements. [2] A book written by Kim Young-hwan called "The Letter of One Labor Activist Sending to All Our Fellow Young Students" with the pseudonym "Kang Chol",also known as "kangcholsoshin" (강철서신),was considered as the textbook of the movement among participants. [3] The movement was also called "NL-pa" because it emphasized "national liberation" (NL) of South Korea based on the theory of North Korean revolution called "The Theory of Revolution of People's Democracy and National Liberation" (민족해방민중민주주의혁명론), [4] however the word NL-pa can also mean groups who did not accept juche ideology but with the same perception that the people of South Korea should be liberated. [2]
The anti-communist laws in South Korea have had—and continue to have—a negative effect on the perception of Juche ideology in South Korea. However,after constitutional democracy was established after mass demonstrations in 1987,the focus of the movement shifted to movements encouraging the unification of the two Koreas,which led to "the committee of student representatives from all parts of the country" (Jeongukdaehaksaengdaepyojahyopuihoe,often shortened to jeondaehyop) send representatives to the "Korean nation festival (한민족축전)" in 1987,Pyongyang hosted by North Korea. [4] After the fall of the Soviet Union,death of Kim Il-sung and the news reports of famines in North Korea in 1995,the movement faced subsequent decline. [2] [4] However,in 1994,Park Hong,who was the president of Sogang University at the time held a press conference claiming North Korea is running a terrorist organization in schools which he quoted jusapas and sanomaeng (the alliance for labor democracy) as examples,which renewed interest in the movement. [5] The statement was made in the context of incidents of students being arrested for making a place to mourn for the death of Kim Il Sung. [5]
Certain leftist movements in South Korea are often referred to as "chinbuk" (Korean : 친북; Hanja : 親北; lit. pro-North),"Jongbuk" (Korean : 종북; Hanja : 從北; lit. pursuant to North) and "Jusapa" (Juche proponent) by Korean conservatives,anti-communists and others critical of the North. This perception is reinforced by cases such as Lim Su-kyung's,best known for attending the 13th World Festival of Youth and Students,held in North Korea and praising President of North Korea Kim Il Sung in 1989,without first obtaining permission from the South Korean government. [6] She attended the festival representing the student organization Jeondaehyop,now known as Hanchongryun,who in April 2012 was elected as a member of the 19th National Assembly as the Democratic United Party's 21st proportional representative. In June 2012,in a confrontation with a North Korean defector in a bar,Lim hurled insults and referred to a ruling party lawmaker as a "son-of-a-bitch betrayer" and another as a "traitor" in what has been described by Korea JoonAng Daily as "an alcohol-fueled tirade at a Seoul restaurant",questioning their legitimacy to challenge her as a lawmaker. [7] This led to public protests. [7]
Juche is the state ideology of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea,described by the government as "Kim Il-sung's original,brilliant and revolutionary contribution to national and international thought". It postulates that "man is the master of his destiny",that the masses are to act as the "masters of the revolution and construction",and that by becoming self-reliant and strong,a nation can achieve true socialism.
The contemporary culture of North Korea is based on traditional Korean culture,but has developed since the division of Korea in 1945. Juche ideology formed by Kim Il-sung (1948–1994) asserts Korea's cultural distinctiveness and creativity as well as the productive powers of the working masses.
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Lim Su-kyung is a South Korean activist and politician. She is best known for attending the 13th World Festival of Youth and Students,held in North Korea and praising President of North Korea Kim Il-sung in 1989,without first obtaining travel permission from the South Korean government. She attended the festival representing the student organization Jeondaehyop,now known as Hanchongryun. Upon her return to South Korea,she was arrested and sentenced to five years in prison.
Kim Il-sung was the leader of North Korea for 46 years,from its establishment in 1948 until his death in 1994.
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Quiz of God is a South Korean television series broadcast on cable channel OCN. It was the first medical/forensic crime investigation drama to air in Korea. The series follows genius but eccentric neurosurgeon and forensic doctor Han Jin-woo and his team as they solve suspicious deaths and unravel mysteries involving rare diseases.
On the Art of the Cinema is a 1973 treatise by the North Korean leader Kim Jong-il. It is considered the most authoritative work on North Korean filmmaking.
On the Juche Idea is a treatise attributed to North Korean leader Kim Jong-il on the North Korean Juche ideology. It is considered the most authoritative work on Juche.
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The Propaganda and Agitation Department,officially the Publicity and Information Department,is a department of the Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea (WPK) tasked with coordinating the creation and dissemination of propaganda in North Korea. It is the highest propaganda organization in the country.
The Kapsan Faction Incident was an unsuccessful attempt to undermine the power of Kim Il-sung,the leader of North Korea,around the year 1967. The "Kapsan faction" was a group of veterans of the anti-Japanese struggle of the 1930s and 1940s that was initially close to Kim Il-sung. In the wake of the 2nd Conference of the Workers' Party of Korea (WPK) in 1966,the faction sought to introduce economic reforms,challenge Kim Il-sung's cult of personality,and appoint its ringleader Pak Kum-chol as his successor.
On Eliminating Dogmatism and Formalism and Establishing Juche in Ideological Work,known as the "Juche Speech",was a speech delivered on 28 December 1955 by Kim Il-sung. The address mentioned his Juche ideology by name for the first time. It is considered one of Kim's most important works and a "watershed moment" in North Korean history. Views differ if the speech used the term juche to launch an ideology or more conservatively to assert that the Korean people were the subject of the revolution. The former believes that Juche,as a distinct ideology,was developed by Hwang Jang-yop on his re-discovery of the speech. The speech was published for the first time in 1960 and in many subsequent,heavily edited revisions since.